Journal of the Society for the Bibliography of Natural History最新文献

{"title":"History of the Smithsonian Institution Libraries, with special emphasis on the natural history","authors":"S. J. Churgin, R. Schallert","doi":"10.3366/JSBNH.1980.9.4.593","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3366/JSBNH.1980.9.4.593","url":null,"abstract":"THE BEQUEST On 17 December 1835 President Andrew Jackson sent a message to Congress informing it that the United States was the recipient of the estate of an English chemist and mineralogist named James Smithson and requesting Congressional action on acceptance or rejection of the bequest. This news of the beneficence of an almost unknown Englishman was received with much surprise on the part of Congress and with little enthusiasm by some of the members. Indeed, a few were in favor of refusing the bequest, but the eloquence of John Quincy Adams, the former president and now representative from Massachusetts, helped convince his colleagues that the claim should be pursued. There has been much speculation about Smithson's motives in leaving his considerable fortune to a country he had never visited and with which he had no ties of personal friendships or emigrated relatives. Perhaps the circumstances of his birth and life made him look favorably toward the new country founded on ideas of equality and democracy. There is no clue in his will to the reasons for his encouragement of American scholarship and intellectual pursuits. James Smithson was born in Paris in 1765 to a Mrs Elizabeth Hungerford Keate Macie, a well-to-do widow; he was the illegitimate son of Sir Hugh Smithson, later the Duke of Northumberland. Mrs Macie was related to Sir Hugh's wife who was a Percy, but little is known of her relationship with Sir Hugh or the circumstances preceeding James's birth. The boy was known as James Macie. When he was around ten, he was naturalized a British citizen; his father's name was not mentioned in the naturalization papers, which contained an unusual clause prohibiting him from entering politics, the Civil Service, the Army, Navy, the Church, and the Privy Council. Macie matriculated at Pembroke College, Oxford, in 1782 and received his M.A. in 1786. He was a very good student, interested in chemistry, geology, and mineralogy. A few months after graduation he was elected a fellow of the Royal Society, the youngest man to have been nominated up to that time. He had the use of the laboratory of Henry Cavendish and later the laboratories of the Royal Institution, of which he was a charter member.","PeriodicalId":354095,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Society for the Bibliography of Natural History","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1980-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125646967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Charles Darwin's plant collections from the voyage of the Beagle","authors":"D. M. Porter","doi":"10.3366/JSBNH.1980.9.4.515","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3366/JSBNH.1980.9.4.515","url":null,"abstract":"— 1827), and his interest therein lay mainly in zoology, particularly with marine invertebrates. This training continued at Cambridge University (1828—1831), where one professor stands out in his influence on the young Darwin: the Reverend John Stevens Henslow (1796—1861), Professor of Botany. Darwin attended Henslow's lectures on botany, 'and liked them much for their extreme clearness, and the admirable illustrations; but I did not study botany.'1","PeriodicalId":354095,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Society for the Bibliography of Natural History","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1980-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115445661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Organizing Federal paleontology in the United States, 1858–1907","authors":"C. Nelson, E. Yochelson","doi":"10.3366/JSBNH.1980.9.PART_4.607","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3366/JSBNH.1980.9.PART_4.607","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":354095,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Society for the Bibliography of Natural History","volume":"200 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1980-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124930269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Palaeontological, collections in Poland: an historical outline and present-day possessions","authors":"G. Biernat","doi":"10.3366/JSBNH.1980.9.4.449","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3366/JSBNH.1980.9.4.449","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":354095,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Society for the Bibliography of Natural History","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1980-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133566617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Henry A. Ward: the merchant naturalist and American museum development","authors":"S. Kohlstedt","doi":"10.3366/JSBNH.1980.9.PART_4.647","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3366/JSBNH.1980.9.PART_4.647","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":354095,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Society for the Bibliography of Natural History","volume":"74 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1980-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115909801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The development of ornithological collections in the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries and their relationship to the emergence of ornithology as a scientific discipline","authors":"P. Farber","doi":"10.3366/JSBNH.1980.9.4.391","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3366/JSBNH.1980.9.4.391","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":354095,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Society for the Bibliography of Natural History","volume":"504 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1980-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115941122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On the botany of James Bruce's expedition to the source of the Blue Nile 1768–1773","authors":"F. Hepper","doi":"10.3366/JSBNH.1980.9.4.527","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3366/JSBNH.1980.9.4.527","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":354095,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Society for the Bibliography of Natural History","volume":"113 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1980-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131367313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Joachim Barrande (1799-1883), life, work, collections","authors":"R. Horny","doi":"10.3366/JSBNH.1980.9.PART_4.365","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3366/JSBNH.1980.9.PART_4.365","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":354095,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Society for the Bibliography of Natural History","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1980-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114792238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hugh Cuming (1791-1865) Prince of collectors","authors":"S. Dance","doi":"10.3366/JSBNH.1980.9.PART_4.477","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3366/JSBNH.1980.9.PART_4.477","url":null,"abstract":"was responsible for the remarkable increase in our knowledge of the natural world during the nineteenth century. For every man of action prepared to risk his life in foreign parts there was a dozen armchair students eager to publish descriptions and illustrations of the plants and animals he brought home. Among nineteenth-century men of action few contributed as much to the material advance of natural history as Hugh Cuming (1791 —1865) and none has received such an unequal press. A widely accepted picture of the man is contained in a popular and much acclaimed book1 published in the 1930s: The research after the rare, a quasi-commercial, quasi-scientific research, is typified, glorified and carried to the point of exhausting the fun of the game, in the career of the excellent Englishman Hugh Cuming, a wealthy amateur, who set out in a private yacht to cruise the world for new shells, something to tickle the jaded fancy of the European collector in his castle or parsonage or shell-shop. In the Philippines Cuming sent native collectors into the jungles after tropical tree snails, and saw one fellow returning with a sack full from which specimens (every one possibly a genus new to science)","PeriodicalId":354095,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Society for the Bibliography of Natural History","volume":"205 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1980-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124614954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Zoological Society of San Diego: its history and development","authors":"Marjorie Shaw","doi":"10.3366/JSBNH.1980.9.PART_4.565","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3366/JSBNH.1980.9.PART_4.565","url":null,"abstract":"The Zoological Society of San Diego was conceived at the close of the celebration which first brought San Diego to the attention of the rest of the world. The Panama-California Exposition of 1915—16 drew visitors from all over the world. Exotic animals were brought into San Diego's Balboa Park by the Exposition Company, but when the Exposition closed in 1916, the animals remained—virtually abandoned. Dr Harry Wegeforth, a prominent local physician with a lifelong interest in animals, felt sympathy toward these remnants of the Exposition, and encouraged four other men to join him in establishing the Zoological Society of San Diego. They were Drs Paul Wegeforth, Fred Baker, Joseph C. Thompson, and the naturalist Frank Stephens. The five founders held their first organizational meeting on 2 October 1916. They little realized that their efforts would result in one of the world's great","PeriodicalId":354095,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Society for the Bibliography of Natural History","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1980-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114826303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}