Interdisciplinary Journal of Management and Social Sciences最新文献

{"title":"People’s Participation and Rural Development: Nepal’s Case","authors":"Umesh Acharya","doi":"10.3126/ijmss.v3i1.50242","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/ijmss.v3i1.50242","url":null,"abstract":"This paper analyzes the relationship between people’s participation and rural development taking the case of Nepal. We use secondary data from publications and research reports. The paper concludes that in developing countries like Nepal involvement of people’s participation is very important. People’s participation in Nepal is limited only for elite people but not for people from deprived communities. Though, people’s participation has increased in Nepal over the last few decades but people from backward society are not participating to the same extent of high income group which creates conflicts in society. Now government, political leaders, civil societies, development workers should look towards bringing backward communities in mainstream development activities for the betterment of them and the nation.","PeriodicalId":352884,"journal":{"name":"Interdisciplinary Journal of Management and Social Sciences","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129621337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cultural Diplomacy in Salman Rushdie’s Shalimar the Clown","authors":"Chandra Bahadur K. C.","doi":"10.3126/ijmss.v3i1.50230","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/ijmss.v3i1.50230","url":null,"abstract":"Cultural diplomacy refers to the relationships between two or more countries through the exchanges of cultural activities. Its key principle is to foster common values like faith, social justice, and responsibility. Cultural diplomacy helps people from diverse backgrounds to find common ground. A literary text like a novel can express the issues of identity and culture that are relevant to the readers of different nations and cultures. The purpose of this article is to give the theoretical concept of cultural diplomacy and to dig out the ingredients of cultural diplomacy inherent in Salman Rushdie’s novel Shalimar the Clown. This paper asserts that the novel is a great literary work to study cultural diplomacy. The novel tries to justify that the external selfish interference can change a paradise-like place into a battleground butchering human beings in a very inhuman way. The novel presents Kashmir as a melting pot for all religious followers before it was intruded on by outsiders. The misuse of power by a diplomat like Max Ophuls, an American ambassador to India, causes great misfortunes in his own as well as the lives of many others. As the result of the selfish interests of the foreign countries, Kashmir becomes a battleground with mass killings, genocides, frequent rape cases, and mass exodus. This type of realistic depiction of Southeast Asia, mainly Kashmir, in the novel shows how the selfish desires of different nations create situations of chaos. The ideas that the novel uses to describe Southeast Asia, mainly Kashmir, help readers make up their minds about that area. The readers may long for harmonious relations between different nations. It happens mainly because of the literary artifact i.e. the novel that expresses cultural diplomacy. The fictional characters and the fictitious societies depicted in the novel help us understand foreign countries and foreign cultures. The reader certainly takes the novel as a work that advocates cultural harmony","PeriodicalId":352884,"journal":{"name":"Interdisciplinary Journal of Management and Social Sciences","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120956160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"State Vs Individual in Christopher Greyson's And Then She Was Gone","authors":"Gol Man Gurung","doi":"10.3126/ijmss.v3i1.50233","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/ijmss.v3i1.50233","url":null,"abstract":"The research examines state's subjugation of individual power and authority in Christopher Greyson's And Then She Was Gone. It introduces power theory and shows state's exercise of power and use of force against individual power. The state power defines law and authority which is mandatory and individual power exercise is punishable. As novel identifies a character who is professional spy however, he cannot define truth and justice which is state's perspective. Truth is no matter for state but it defines truth. The character fights for justice and truth but the state never accepts the justice from the perspective of state.","PeriodicalId":352884,"journal":{"name":"Interdisciplinary Journal of Management and Social Sciences","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132347088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Human Resource Practices and Employee Satisfaction in Nepalese Commercial Banks","authors":"Padam Bahadur Lama","doi":"10.3126/ijmss.v3i1.50238","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/ijmss.v3i1.50238","url":null,"abstract":"This study examines the impact of human resource practices on employee satisfaction in Nepalese commercial banks. Employee satisfaction is a dependent variable. The independent variables are recruitment and selection, training and development, compensation policy, and performance appraisal. Research is conducted using primary data collecting opinions of 389 respondents from Kathmandu city. Structured questionnaires were used for the survey comprising a five-point Likert scale withcross-sectional data. The correlation and regression were used to identify the association and impact of an independent variable on employee satisfaction. The result shows that recruitment and selection, training and development, compensation policy, and performance appraisal found a positive correlation with employee satisfaction. This study and its results would be helpful for executives of commercial banking institutions while making the decision and it provides the foundation to project and mitigate the issues associated with employees. So, this study provides deeper insight into the existing scenario of human resource practices and their relations with employees’ satisfaction. Future research can be conducted comprising the further variables of human resource practices and even with the accumulation of more data to assess the further consequences and impact. Thus, the linkage of demographic variables as moderating effects can be examined in future studies.  ","PeriodicalId":352884,"journal":{"name":"Interdisciplinary Journal of Management and Social Sciences","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127730432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"नारीवादी आन्दोलन र नेपाली साहित्यमा नारीवाद","authors":"यादवप्रसाद शर्मा","doi":"10.3126/ijmss.v3i1.50253","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/ijmss.v3i1.50253","url":null,"abstract":"नारीवादी आन्दोलन, यस आन्दोलनमा प्राकृतिक, सामाजिक, सांस्कृतिक, आर्थिक, मनोवैज्ञानिक आदि विविध पक्षको प्रभाव तथा नेपाली साहित्यमा नारीवादी लेखनको अवस्थाजस्ता प्राज्ञिक समस्याको समाधानमा केन्द्रितप्रस्तुत लेखका लागि पुस्तकालयीय विधिबाट सामग्री सङ्कलन गरिएको हो र यसरी पुस्तकालयीय विधिबाट सङ्कलित सामग्रीको अध्ययन तथा विश्लेषण भने निगमनात्मक विधिबाट गरिएको छ । यस लेखमासर्वप्रथम नारीवादी आन्दोलनका विभिन्न प्रयासहरूको विवेचना गर्दै नारीवादी आन्दोलनका प्रमुख धाराहरू उदार नारीवाद, माक्र्सवादी नारीवाद, आमूल (उग्र) नारीवाद, समाजवादी नारीवादमाथि सङ्क्षिप्त रूपमा प्रकाश पारिएको छ भने अन्य सहायक धाराहरूको दिक्दर्शन मात्र दिइएको छ । नारीवादी आन्दोलनसित सम्बन्धित विविधप्रयास, चिन्तन र अवधारणाहरूको अनुशीलन गरी समस्याको गहिराइमा पुग्ने प्रयत्न गर्नुका साथै नारी र पुरुषका नैसर्गिक विशिष्टता, जटिलता, कुन्ठा एवं मनोग्रन्थीको विश्लेषण गरी नारीवादी चिन्तनका प्राकृतिक, सामाजिक, सांस्कृतिक, आर्थिक तथा मनोवैज्ञानिक विविधता पनि औँल्याइएको छ र नेपाली साहित्यसिर्जना तथा समालोचनामा भएको नारीवादी लेखनलाई पनि सङ्क्षिप्त रूपमा प्रस्तुत गरिएको छ ।अन्त्यमा नारीमाथि हुने विभेद एवं शोषणका सामाजिक, सांस्कृतिक, मनोवैज्ञानिक आदि कारणका साथै समाजको उत्पादन स्थिति÷सम्बन्धलाई यथार्थतः सम्पूर्णतामा नबुझी एकोहोरो रूपमा पुरुषको मात्र विरोध गरेर नारीमुक्ति असम्भव हुने भएकालेनारीवादी आन्दोलनकेवल विरोध र आक्रोशका रूपमा मात्र विकसित नभएर जीवनजगत् वा समस्त सृष्टिको समग्रताको बोध गरी वास्तविक आर्थिक, सामाजिक, सांस्कृतिक, राजनीतिक एवं मनोवैज्ञानिक समस्याको पहिचान गरी नारीमुक्ति आन्दोलनमापरिणत हुनुपर्ने निष्कर्ष दिइएको छ ।","PeriodicalId":352884,"journal":{"name":"Interdisciplinary Journal of Management and Social Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126140294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mutual Interdependency between China, India and Nepal","authors":"Gunja Kathet","doi":"10.3126/ijmss.v2i2.42598","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/ijmss.v2i2.42598","url":null,"abstract":"Due to geographical proximity and historically long multi-faceted linkages between China, India and Nepal their foreign policy with each other is not distinctly independent but is mutually interdependent. This paper argues that Nepal's foreign policy has always prioritized maintaining balanced relation with these two nations for safeguarding its national interests, integrity and independence. While doing so it will also shed light upon how Nepal has age old and deep rooted relations between both China and India whereupon Nepal-China and Nepal-India relations have evolved through different circumstances, stages and periods till date.","PeriodicalId":352884,"journal":{"name":"Interdisciplinary Journal of Management and Social Sciences","volume":"84 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114190017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Drawing Inferences on The Basis of Level of Statistical Tools Used in Data Analysis","authors":"Murari Karki","doi":"10.3126/ijmss.v2i2.42602","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/ijmss.v2i2.42602","url":null,"abstract":"Statistics is the science which deals with the collection, organisation, tabulation, manipulation, analysis and interpretation of observed results (Winters R, Winters A, Amedee RG. Statistics: A brief overview. Ochsner J. 2010;10:213-6.).Using all the statistical procedure, we draw some inferences about population parameter from the study sample. Before drawing inferences about population parameters, we use different levels of statistical tools. This article is meant to provide some information to reader about various statistical methods that are useful for the process of making inferences about parameters. This article is focused on the various levels of statistical tools, difference between descriptive and inferential statistics and various test statistic to make conclusion about population parameters.","PeriodicalId":352884,"journal":{"name":"Interdisciplinary Journal of Management and Social Sciences","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128032287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"कथाको सैद्धान्तिक विमर्श {Theoretical discussion of the story}","authors":"षडानन्द Shadananda पौड्याल Poudyal","doi":"10.3126/ijmss.v2i2.42624","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/ijmss.v2i2.42624","url":null,"abstract":"भन्ने र सुन्ने मौखिक पद्धतिबाट प्राचीन समयदेखि मानवसमाजमा प्रचलित बनेको साहित्यको लोकप्रियविधा कथा हो । मानवले आफ्ना स्वकीय अनुभव अरूसमक्ष प्रकट गर्दा कथाको प्रारम्भ भएको अलिखितइतिहास प्रचलित अनि मौखिक परम्पराबद्ध छ । मानवजीवनको उषाप्रहरदेखि प्रयोगमा रहेको कथा प्राचीनग्रन्थहरूमा धर्म, ज्ञान, उपदेश, दृष्टान्त जनाउने अर्थमा प्रयोग भएको छ । समयको कालखण्डमा कथाकोप्रयोग सामाजिक सत्यका विषयस“ग सम्बद्ध बनेर लिपिबद्ध हु“दा १९ औ“ शताब्दीमा आधुनिक कथाकानामबाट परिचित बनेको हो । पश्चिमी साहित्यमा आधुनिक कथा लेख्ने परम्परा स्थापना भएपछि कथाकासैद्धान्तिक उपकरणका बारेमा पनि विमर्श प्रारम्भ गरिएको हो । कथाकारहरूबाट लिखित कथाहरूकोआन्तरिक वस्तुसङ्गठनलाई ध्यानमा राखेर सैद्धान्तिक उपकरणको खोजी भयो । सृजना गरिएको कथासाहित्यलाई केन्द्रमा राखेर यसका बारेमा वस्तु, आयतन, विधि र अन्य उपकरणको पहिचान गर्नथालियो । कथामा निहित रहेका सत्य सैद्धान्तिक मानकबाट परिचित बन्ने अवसर बन्यो । सर्जकले सृजनागरेका रचनावलीलाई ध्यानमा राखेर कथावस्तु, चरित्र, भाषा, शैली, परिवेश, दृष्टिविन्दु र उद्देश्यको खोजीभयो । कथाको सैद्धान्तिक चेतनाबारे प्रचलित मान्यतालाई ध्यानमा राखेर नवीन चेतनाको खोजी गर्नेसिलसिलामा संरचना र रूपविन्यासको दृष्टिकोण निर्माण भयो । कथाको पहिचान गर्न साहित्यशास्त्रमा केकस्ता अभिमत स्थापना भए ? त्यसको खोजी अध्ययनको उद्देश्य हो । अतः आधुनिक कथाका बारेमापरम्परादेखि प्रचलित सैद्धान्तिक पक्षको विमर्श गर्ने अभीष्ट यस लेखमा राखिएको छ । {It is a popular genre of literature that has been prevalent in human society since ancient times through the oral system of saying and listening. The unwritten history of the beginning of the story is prevalent and oral tradition when human beings reveal their own experiences to others. The story that has been used since the dawn of human life has been used in ancient scriptures to express religion, knowledge, teachings and parables. The use of storytelling over a period of time has become familiar with modern storytelling in the 19th century when it was written in connection with the subject of social truth. After the establishment of the tradition of writing modern stories in Western literature, discussions have also started on the theoretical tools of storytelling. Theoretical tools were explored, keeping in mind the internal content of the stories written by the storytellers. By focusing on the created fiction, objects, volumes, methods and other tools were identified. The truth contained in the story became an opportunity to become acquainted with the theoretical standards. Storytelling, character, language, style, setting, point of view and purpose keeping in mind the creations created by the creator. What ideas were formed in literature to identify the story? The purpose of the study is to find out. Therefore, the purpose of this article is to discuss the theoretical aspects of modern storytelling.}","PeriodicalId":352884,"journal":{"name":"Interdisciplinary Journal of Management and Social Sciences","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121598931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Victorian Imperial Infirmities in The Moon Stone: Signs of Failure of Empire","authors":"Chandra Bahadur K.C.","doi":"10.3126/ijmss.v2i2.42595","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/ijmss.v2i2.42595","url":null,"abstract":"Edward Said has the conviction that Victorian novels are complicit to empire. They were the means through which power of British imperialism was continually reinforced and elaborated, but this research does not endorse Said’s view completely. Hence, it goes beyond this conviction and reveals that the Victorian novels do not only support imperial culture; they also expose infirmities of empire. Although Victorian novels share imperial culture and its ethos as Said has shown, they also critique imperial culture. Some novelists of that time struggle to come to terms with the imperial culture. Wilkie Collins is one of them who stages counter narration of resistance to empire in The Moonstone. This veritable narrative text poses questions on the conviction that British Victorian novels are complicit to empire. It criticizes the imperial ambition of Britain and exposes the vulnerabilities of empire. The vulnerabilities are exposed with the bequeathing of the Moonstone by English Colonel Herncastle by murdering the innocent and devoted Brahmins. It is a staunch criticism on corrupt behavior of the colonizers toward material properties of colonized people. It shows that the British colonizers were in India mainly for torturing the colonizers for the sake of their selfish greed. To give justice against such vulnerability, the novelist describes a scene in the ending of the novel in which the Moonstone is restored in its original place in India.","PeriodicalId":352884,"journal":{"name":"Interdisciplinary Journal of Management and Social Sciences","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125444681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Increasing Use of Junk Food in Nepalese Society: A Historical Study","authors":"M. K. Gautam","doi":"10.3126/ijmss.v2i2.42603","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/ijmss.v2i2.42603","url":null,"abstract":"Foods that are high in calories, salt, sugar and fat, but protein, vitamins and minerals are almost zero are considered as junk foods. Such foods include pizza, burgers, chowmein, bakery items, fried plain roasted food, and highly used foods with food colors and flavors. The use of such foods has increased tremendously in Nepali society. As a result, at an early age, sugar, blood pressure, heart related diseases, kidney related problems, digestive problems, obesity related problems are appearing in Nepalis. In order to solve the health problems caused by the excessive use of junk food in Nepali society, it has become necessary to implement a clear policy to limit the consumption of junk food at the national level.","PeriodicalId":352884,"journal":{"name":"Interdisciplinary Journal of Management and Social Sciences","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131109719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}