{"title":"Automatic Evaluation of Fetal Heart Rate Based on Deep Learning","authors":"S. Liang, Qia Li","doi":"10.1109/ICTC51749.2021.9441583","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICTC51749.2021.9441583","url":null,"abstract":"Fetal heart rate (FHR) monitoring has been widely applied to assess the status of fetus during pregnancy and labor in clinical practice. However the traditional way to analyze FHR highly depends on doctors’ experience, and sometimes wrong judgments can lead to unnecessary actions such as cesarean section. Thus automatic analysis of FHR in electronic fetal monitoring (EFM) through computer has been constantly tried and studied. In this work, we propose a convolutional neural network (CNN) model based on a weighted voting mechanism to divide the FHR as normal or pathological state. In the meantime, the multi-model training method based on down-sampling algorithm is used to deal with imbalanced data. In order to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed CNN combined with the multi-model training method, we test and analyze it on an open database named CTU-UHB. The experiment results show that our method performs well and stable on this dataset.","PeriodicalId":352596,"journal":{"name":"2021 2nd Information Communication Technologies Conference (ICTC)","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121097115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Key Point-Based License Plate Detection with Pyramid Network Structure","authors":"Lingjun Kong, Yunchao Bao, Lijun Cao, Shengmei Zhao","doi":"10.1109/ICTC51749.2021.9441496","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICTC51749.2021.9441496","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, a key point detection method of license plate based on convolution network is proposed. Traditional license plate detection methods use features like shape, texture and color to locate a license plate with defects such as pertinence, high time complexity, window redundancy and poor robustness. The license plate detection methods based on deep learning have been greatly improved in accuracy and real-time performance, but the detection results of license plates with large rotation angle, small size, less illumination and occlusion are poor. In our method, the rotation angle of the license plate is obtained by detecting four corners of the license plate, and the perspective transformation is used for correction. In order to improve the location accuracy of license plate object, this paper proposes a pyramid network structure to extract high-level and low-level semantic features. Experiments show that the proposed model can not only detect the license plate in general scenes, but also has good detection effect for license plate with large rotation angle.","PeriodicalId":352596,"journal":{"name":"2021 2nd Information Communication Technologies Conference (ICTC)","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115321515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dongkun Hou, Jie Zhang, K. Man, Jieming Ma, Zitian Peng
{"title":"A Systematic Literature Review of Blockchain-based Federated Learning: Architectures, Applications and Issues","authors":"Dongkun Hou, Jie Zhang, K. Man, Jieming Ma, Zitian Peng","doi":"10.1109/ICTC51749.2021.9441499","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICTC51749.2021.9441499","url":null,"abstract":"Federal learning (FL) can realize a distributed training machine learning models in multiple devices while protecting their data privacy, but some defect still exists such as single point failure and lack of motivation. Blockchain as a distributed ledger can be utilized to provide a novel FL framework to address those issues. This paper aims to discuss how the blockchain technology is employed to compensate for shortcomings in FL. A systematic literature review is conducted to investigate existing FL problems and to summarize knowledge about the existing Blockchain-based FL (BFL). The differences among these collected BFL architectures are presented and discussed, and the applications of BFL are categorized and analyzed. Finally, some suggestions for future development and application of BFL are discussed.","PeriodicalId":352596,"journal":{"name":"2021 2nd Information Communication Technologies Conference (ICTC)","volume":"68 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129605042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"High-Precision Performance of Tightly Coupled Positioning in Urban Environment","authors":"Jinyang Hao, Lei Zhang, Hongjun Tan","doi":"10.1109/ICTC51749.2021.9441638","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICTC51749.2021.9441638","url":null,"abstract":"Global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) such as the BeiDou Navigation Satellite System, Global Positioning System, Global Navigation Satellite System and Galileo are playing an increasingly pivotal role in autonomous driving. Given its importance for autonomous vehicles, positioning accuracy has become an important area of research. Stable and high-precision positioning is essential to ensure the safety of autonomous driving systems, and centimeter-level and lane-level positioning can, to a certain extent, achieve the required precision. Compared with a single GNSS, a multi-GNSS can provide greater positioning accuracy and availability. In the urban environment, buildings, viaducts, and tunnels can block GNSS signals. Thus, to obtain available and highly accurate positioning, an inertial navigation system (INS) can be helpful. Therefore, a tightly coupled multi-GNSS/INS system is introduced. To test the performance of this system, several typical urban scenes were selected. The results show that the system can provide centimeter-level positioning accuracy and maintain excellent positioning performance when GNSS signals are lost. This system may be used to meet the positioning requirements for autonomous driving until such time as urban road intelligence is comprehensively improved.","PeriodicalId":352596,"journal":{"name":"2021 2nd Information Communication Technologies Conference (ICTC)","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127037951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Richard N. K. Mensah, L. Zhiyuan, Andrews A. Okine, J. M. Adeke
{"title":"A Game-Theoretic Approach to Computation Offloading in Software-Defined D2D-Enabled Vehicular Networks","authors":"Richard N. K. Mensah, L. Zhiyuan, Andrews A. Okine, J. M. Adeke","doi":"10.1109/ICTC51749.2021.9441652","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICTC51749.2021.9441652","url":null,"abstract":"The incipient vehicular applications and the explosive growth of data generally led to the increase in demand for communication, computation, and storage resources, as well as the stringent performance requirement on latency and wireless network capacity. To address these challenges, Vehicular Edge Computing is an envisioned promising solution that extends the computation capability to the edge of the vehicular network and computation offloading service is provided in the proximity of the vehicles. Vehicular edge computing (VEC) and D2D communication have been designed to benefit from proximity gain to optimize computation offloading. Software-defined network (SDN) inside the vehicular network (SDVN) is developed in this article to rectify most problems in the vehicular network. Besides, the SDVN controller handles D2D pairing of vehicles and co-ordinates with the edge cloud for flexible allocation of computing resources among vehicles and mobile users. In this article, we combine D2D communication and VEC to further enhance the computation capacity of the vehicular network. Our goal is to optimize the number of devices the vehicular network can support under communication and computational limitation. We formulate the task offloading and associated resource allocation problem as a game with mixed strategies. The players involved in the game are the SDN controller handling the computation resource allocation at the network edge and a vehicle deciding on task offloading. The existence and uniqueness of Nash equilibrium are theoretically proved.","PeriodicalId":352596,"journal":{"name":"2021 2nd Information Communication Technologies Conference (ICTC)","volume":"236 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125757712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
L. Jianqi, Zhang Zhe, Zhang Chuanyuan, Yang Bin, Huang Biyao
{"title":"A Code Scheme for G3-PLC Physical Layer Specification Based on Turbo Code","authors":"L. Jianqi, Zhang Zhe, Zhang Chuanyuan, Yang Bin, Huang Biyao","doi":"10.1109/ICTC51749.2021.9441595","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICTC51749.2021.9441595","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, A G3-PLC coding scheme based on the Turbo code is proposed. The scheme replaces the convolution encoder in the G3-PLC standard with a Turbo encoder. The Turbo encoder based on random inner interleaver and odd-even punching is constructed to adapt to the G3-PLC standard. A comparison with the coding scheme in the G3 specification and LDPC code is performed, confirming that the proposed scheme has well trade-off in flexibility and reliability. Finally, an implementation on G3-PLC Data Concentrator is carried out to prove the Turbo scheme feasibility in future practical narrowband PLC system.","PeriodicalId":352596,"journal":{"name":"2021 2nd Information Communication Technologies Conference (ICTC)","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131318912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Dynamic Spectrum Sharing for NR-LTE Networks","authors":"Jincan Xin, Sen Xu, Le Zhang","doi":"10.1109/ICTC51749.2021.9441612","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICTC51749.2021.9441612","url":null,"abstract":"5G has high requirements for the data rate, capacity and efficiency to support the new scenarios. Due to the scarcity of spectrum resources, dynamic spectrum sharing (DSS) technology is proposed to improve spectrum efficiency. However, dynamically allocating spectrum for 4G and 5G users will bring significant interference between two systems. Currently, the M subframe mechanism and rate matching mechanism are considered to reduce the interference. However, these methods will introduce additional spectrum overhead. This paper shows the mechanism of DSS and then evaluates its cost. Additionally, the article illustrates the actual test results of 2.1G DSS and analyses the performance of 40M DSS in different interference scenarios. Finally, we give some suggestions for DSS deployment.","PeriodicalId":352596,"journal":{"name":"2021 2nd Information Communication Technologies Conference (ICTC)","volume":"88 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122045297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Research on the Identifier Technology of Electric Internet of Things Based on IPv6","authors":"Wei Bai, Yang Lu, Yaming Wen, Feng Tao, Xin Xv","doi":"10.1109/ICTC51749.2021.9441625","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICTC51749.2021.9441625","url":null,"abstract":"The Internet of Things identifier is the basic supporting technology to realize the precise interaction between things. With the advancement of the construction of the electric Internet of Things, the number of various terminal devices connected to the network has increased sharply, and the types are complex and diverse. There are many types of existing electric equipment identifier systems, and their compatibility is poor. With the access of a large number of terminal devices of the electric Internet of Things, the amount of data in the identifier system is huge, which will cause huge operation and maintenance costs and resource occupation. In response to the above problems, this paper proposes an IPv6 identifier scheme that supports large-scale electric equipment of the electric Internet of Things, designs the registration and network access procedures of the identifier, and then proposes an optimization mechanism for electric Internet of Things communication service transmission based on the ipv6 identifier. Experiments have proved that the identifier scheme and transmission optimization mechanism proposed in this paper can effectively reduce the communication delay and packet loss rate of the business in the electric Internet of Things, and achieve efficient support for the electric Internet of Things business.","PeriodicalId":352596,"journal":{"name":"2021 2nd Information Communication Technologies Conference (ICTC)","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117082195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An Open Platform for Hardware-in-Loop Virtual Simulation via Internet of Things","authors":"Ke Dong, Tianle Yu, Pengfei Wu","doi":"10.1109/ICTC51749.2021.9441658","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICTC51749.2021.9441658","url":null,"abstract":"Opening high-quality experimental resources to the society through remote online and virtual simulation is an important aspect of information and communication technology (ICT) in education. Aiming at the shortcomings of the existing virtual simulation schemes in hardware virtualization, social openness and system scalability, this paper designs an open platform for hardware-in-loop (HIL) virtual simulation based on the standard Internet of Things communication interfaces. Taking the remote education on MCU experiment as an example, the platform provides users with a cloud-based virtual experiment environment, and introduces a user agent controller to synchronize the state of the virtual model with the offline physical hardware, which forms a closed loop of experimental operation combined with virtual and reality. The platform is based on a public cloud computing and Internet of Things infrastructure, which offer both openness to social services and easy extension of new laboratory resources.","PeriodicalId":352596,"journal":{"name":"2021 2nd Information Communication Technologies Conference (ICTC)","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132845835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Donglin Zhu, Guanghui Xu, Jie Zhou, Enbiao Di, Mingcan Li
{"title":"Object Detection in Complex Road Scenarios: Improved YOLOv4-Tiny Algorithm","authors":"Donglin Zhu, Guanghui Xu, Jie Zhou, Enbiao Di, Mingcan Li","doi":"10.1109/ICTC51749.2021.9441643","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICTC51749.2021.9441643","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes an object detection algorithm based on YOLOV4-Tiny, which can improves the recognition of small objects in street scenario, as well as the robustness in the extreme climate, e.g., the rainy or foggy days. Specifically, as for the small objects in the street scenario, we first conduct the up-sampling in the feature map obtained by 8x down-sampling, and then fused it with the feature map obtained by 4x down-sampling. Meanwhile, as for the images in the extreme climate, we use the sharpness algorithm based on secondary blur (ReBlur) to characterize the image blurriness, where the blurred images will be restored a dark channel prior algorithm. The simulation results indicate that the proposed algorithm can improve the recognition of the objects in the complex street scenario, where the mean average precision (mAP) is increased by 4.13%.","PeriodicalId":352596,"journal":{"name":"2021 2nd Information Communication Technologies Conference (ICTC)","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115643996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}