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Política nuclear americana durante a guerra na Ucrânia 乌克兰战争期间美国的核政策
Relações Internacionais Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.23906/ri2023.77a10
David Silva Ferreira
{"title":"Política nuclear americana durante a guerra na Ucrânia","authors":"David Silva Ferreira","doi":"10.23906/ri2023.77a10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23906/ri2023.77a10","url":null,"abstract":"The United States and Russia, whose agenda is dominated by strategic matters, possess more than 90% of the world’s nuclear weapons. Efforts to reduce their number and salience in American nuclear strategy have been affected by domestic resistance and international developments. Currently, Moscow’s pattern of disrespect for arms control agreements, in a context of war in Ukraine, and of repeated Russian nuclear threats, is joined by an American perception of a massive expansion of Chinese nuclear forces. Those events serve as an impetus for American nuclear modernization and make dialogue to limit the world’s two largest nuclear arsenals more difficult.","PeriodicalId":351727,"journal":{"name":"Relações Internacionais","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121456898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A indesejada guerra do mundo livre 自由世界不想要的战争
Relações Internacionais Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.23906/ri2023.77a09
Diana Soller
{"title":"A indesejada guerra do mundo livre","authors":"Diana Soller","doi":"10.23906/ri2023.77a09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23906/ri2023.77a09","url":null,"abstract":"This paper argues that Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, as well as Moscow’s attempt to internationalize the conflict, were seen by Washington as an unwelcome situation. However, the Biden administration perceived the attack as a war of power transition and an attempt to over through the rules-based order, making impossible for the US not to intervene. The argument is presented in three parts: the American vision and its role on the international system, the reasons why the US made the right diagnosis of the war on Ukraine, and the European incapability of leading this effort, as well as the importance of the transatlantic ties were critical to the Biden administration’s choices.","PeriodicalId":351727,"journal":{"name":"Relações Internacionais","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115225587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Nota introdutória – A Guerra da Rússia na Ucrânia: o primeiro balanço 导言-俄罗斯在乌克兰的战争:第一次评估
Relações Internacionais Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.23906/ri2023.77a01
Sandra Fernandes
{"title":"Nota introdutória – A Guerra da Rússia na Ucrânia: o primeiro balanço","authors":"Sandra Fernandes","doi":"10.23906/ri2023.77a01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23906/ri2023.77a01","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":351727,"journal":{"name":"Relações Internacionais","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115358058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Saudades da hegemonia ocidental, alias Ordem Liberal Internacional 怀念西方霸权，又名国际自由秩序
Relações Internacionais Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.23906/ri2023.77r01
Andrés Malamud
{"title":"Saudades da hegemonia ocidental, alias Ordem Liberal Internacional","authors":"Andrés Malamud","doi":"10.23906/ri2023.77r01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23906/ri2023.77r01","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":351727,"journal":{"name":"Relações Internacionais","volume":"61 12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123679587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Relações UE-religião: proposta de sistematização das fases de relação entre instituições europeias e igrejas e comunidades religiosas 欧盟-宗教关系:建议将欧洲机构与教会和宗教社区之间的关系阶段系统化
Relações Internacionais Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.23906/ri2023.77a11
Jorge Botelho Moniz
{"title":"Relações UE-religião: proposta de sistematização das fases de relação entre instituições europeias e igrejas e comunidades religiosas","authors":"Jorge Botelho Moniz","doi":"10.23906/ri2023.77a11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23906/ri2023.77a11","url":null,"abstract":"The relationship between European institutions and churches and religious communities has not been free of conflict and has undergone a myriad of revisions and recompositions over the decades. This article thus proposes a systematization of the relations between European institutions and churches and religious communities in European Union Member States. Through a descriptive and qualitative methodology, the four phases of the European Union-religion relationship are analyzed: marginalization, experimentation, institutionalization, and global action. It is concluded that, despite the initial phase of neglect, there has been a gradual institutionalization and deepening of these relations, whose goal is to strengthen the effectiveness of the European Union’s global action.","PeriodicalId":351727,"journal":{"name":"Relações Internacionais","volume":"124 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131917142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Acabaram-se as simpatias: as relações bálticas com a Rússia depois de 2022 不再有同情:2022年后与俄罗斯的波罗的海关系
Relações Internacionais Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.23906/ri2023.77a03
Karlis Bukovskis
{"title":"Acabaram-se as simpatias: as relações bálticas com a Rússia depois de 2022","authors":"Karlis Bukovskis","doi":"10.23906/ri2023.77a03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23906/ri2023.77a03","url":null,"abstract":"Russia’s escalation of its war on Ukraine in 2022 was met by immediate and strong opposition by the Baltic states after three decades long balancing and piecemeal economic and political decoupling from Russia. Article examines changes that Russia related Baltic state foreign and domestic policy experienced in 2022. It deals with the rhetoric and actions of Baltic statesmen becoming more direct and tougher towards Russia, as well as how Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania are weighting in their full support to Ukraine, and finally how the Baltics themselves are untying themselves from the remainders of Russian ‘soft power’ grip.","PeriodicalId":351727,"journal":{"name":"Relações Internacionais","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129876772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A política externa russa um ano depois: narrativas múltiplas e as suas implicações 一年后的俄罗斯外交政策:多重叙事及其影响
Relações Internacionais Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.23906/ri2023.77a05
M. R. Freire
{"title":"A política externa russa um ano depois: narrativas múltiplas e as suas implicações","authors":"M. R. Freire","doi":"10.23906/ri2023.77a05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23906/ri2023.77a05","url":null,"abstract":"This article aims to analyse the multiple narratives that have been informing Moscow’s policies, since Russia’s unwarranted invasion of Ukraine on 24 February 2022. This analysis addresses lines of continuity and change in Russian foreign policy, including several of Putin’s speeches over this past year of war, in dialogue with the dominant narratives that accompany them, in order to clarify actions and options. The article concludes that Putin’s Russian foreign policy in 2022 reveals a clear search for discursive continuities, but ultimately highlights not only discontinuities but also inconsistencies that limit its credibility.","PeriodicalId":351727,"journal":{"name":"Relações Internacionais","volume":"100 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117252217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Um ano de guerra na Ucrânia: Como chegámos aqui? Para onde estamos a ir? 乌克兰一年的战争:我们是如何走到这一步的?我们要去哪里?
Relações Internacionais Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.23906/ri2023.77a06
Vanda Amaro Dias
{"title":"Um ano de guerra na Ucrânia: Como chegámos aqui? Para onde estamos a ir?","authors":"Vanda Amaro Dias","doi":"10.23906/ri2023.77a06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23906/ri2023.77a06","url":null,"abstract":"This essay provides a critical reading of Ukraine-Russia relations focusing on instances of hegemony and resistance. To do so, it starts by contextualizing major tensions under pinning relations between Kiev and Moscow. It then proceeds with an interpretation of the war as an extreme measure by the Kremlin in its pursuit of regional hegemony and global relevance. The essay concludes with remarks on the current situation and on possible consequences of the war in Ukraine. Such critical account aims at contributing to an in-depth understanding of how we got here and of where we are heading to in terms of regional power and security dynamics.","PeriodicalId":351727,"journal":{"name":"Relações Internacionais","volume":"183 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115071372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A guerra entre a Rússia e a Ucrânia – uma visão a partir do flanco oriental da NATO 俄罗斯和乌克兰之间的战争——从北约东侧看
Relações Internacionais Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.23906/ri2023.77a02
Jakub Bornio
{"title":"A guerra entre a Rússia e a Ucrânia – uma visão a partir do flanco oriental da NATO","authors":"Jakub Bornio","doi":"10.23906/ri2023.77a02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23906/ri2023.77a02","url":null,"abstract":"The Russo-Ukrainian war – which began in late February 2014 with the special operation in Crimea and which intensified as a result of the Russian large-scale invasion initiated eigth years later – evolved into the largest military conflict in post-war Europe. The conflict as such has impacted not only the European security architecture but also has had a great influence globally. This essay seeks to analyse its causes, course, and consequences free from emotions that often accompany war-like situations.","PeriodicalId":351727,"journal":{"name":"Relações Internacionais","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125726528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A Resposta da União Europeia à Guerra da Ucrânia 欧盟对乌克兰战争的反应
Relações Internacionais Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.23906/ri2023.77a04
Liliana Reis
{"title":"A Resposta da União Europeia à Guerra da Ucrânia","authors":"Liliana Reis","doi":"10.23906/ri2023.77a04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23906/ri2023.77a04","url":null,"abstract":"The Russian Federation’s invasion of Ukraine on 24 February 2022 caused deep changes in the international security environment, particularly in geopolitical region of Europe. It would not, therefore, be surprising if the European Union and its member states were to mobilize in order to help Ukraine in several areas. This article seeks to map the main humanitarian, economic and military instruments that constituted the EU’s reaction to the main challenges that were posed in the first year of war.","PeriodicalId":351727,"journal":{"name":"Relações Internacionais","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121674422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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