Belgian Journal of Linguistics最新文献

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Metaphor: For adults only? 隐喻:仅供成人使用?
Belgian Journal of Linguistics Pub Date : 2011-01-01 DOI: 10.1075/BJL.25.04POU
N. Pouscoulous
{"title":"Metaphor: For adults only?","authors":"N. Pouscoulous","doi":"10.1075/BJL.25.04POU","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/BJL.25.04POU","url":null,"abstract":"Many experimental studies from the 70s and 80s show that children do not understand metaphors until fairly late in development (not until adolescence, some claim). I will argue that children’s metaphorical abilities may not be as weak as they first appear. Findings suggesting a poor comprehension of metaphor by young children might be better explained by factors other than purportedly inadequate pragmatic abilities. Furthermore, attested cases of metaphor production by children have often been re-analysed either as cases of overextension (i.e., erroneous extension of the term’s conventional denotation) or as cases of pretence, and are thus not considered to be genuine metaphors. I would like to explore the hypothesis that such re-analyses do not preclude the possibility that young children possess the necessary abilities to produce metaphors. Instead, some aspects of overextension and pretence may pave the way to metaphorical abilities.","PeriodicalId":35124,"journal":{"name":"Belgian Journal of Linguistics","volume":"25 1","pages":"51-79"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1075/BJL.25.04POU","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59375749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 69
Piecemeal acquisition of boundedness: Degree modifiers of adjectives in Dutch child language 有界性的零碎习得:荷兰语儿童语形容词的程度修饰语
Belgian Journal of Linguistics Pub Date : 2011-01-01 DOI: 10.1075/BJL.25.05TRI
E. Tribushinina
{"title":"Piecemeal acquisition of boundedness: Degree modifiers of adjectives in Dutch child language","authors":"E. Tribushinina","doi":"10.1075/BJL.25.05TRI","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/BJL.25.05TRI","url":null,"abstract":"Recent semantic studies show that adjectives differ in terms of the scalar structures associated with them, which has implications for patterns of degree modification. For example, relative adjectives in Dutch are associated with unbounded (open) scales and are, therefore, incompatible with maximizing adverbs (e.g. #helemaal groot �completely big�, #helemaal klein �completely small�). This paper tests the hypothesis that children acquire the relevant distinctions in the domain of boundedness in a piecemeal fashion by storing ready-made modifier-adjective pairings from the input and later generalizing over them. The results of the longitudinal corpus study of four degree adverbs in the spontaneous speech of nine children acquiring Netherlandic Dutch are consistent with the idea that language learners start by reproducing target-like modifier-adjective combinations stored as prefabs from the input. Once a critical mass of such adverb-adjective pairings has been stored, children make generalizations over the stored instances and proceed to productive use. This phase is marked by over-generalization errors that are attested, on average, six months after the emergence of a degree adverb. Most of the over-generalization errors involved combining a degree adverb with an adjective of an incompatible scalar structure. It is concluded that the acquisition of boundedness has a more protracted time course than has been hitherto assumed on the basis of comprehension experiments.","PeriodicalId":35124,"journal":{"name":"Belgian Journal of Linguistics","volume":"25 1","pages":"80-103"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1075/BJL.25.05TRI","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59375823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Lexical reduplication and affective contents: A pragmatic and experimental perspective 词汇重复与情感内容:语用与实验视角
Belgian Journal of Linguistics Pub Date : 2011-01-01 DOI: 10.1075/BJL.25.07ROS
Daniela Rossi
{"title":"Lexical reduplication and affective contents: A pragmatic and experimental perspective","authors":"Daniela Rossi","doi":"10.1075/BJL.25.07ROS","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/BJL.25.07ROS","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this paper is to investigate how the use of a linguistic form (lexical reduplication) can communicate affective contents. Lexical reduplication, understood as the intentional repetition of a word, is defined as a pattern XX used to convey, on the one hand, a content which differs from the “basic” meaning of X by involving, for instance, intensification, narrowing, or expansion, and, on the other hand, an affective content that results from the evaluation of the state of affairs at hand. To test reduplication as well as the derivation of affective contents linked to its use, I have relied on a recognition task: after hearing a short story, participants were asked if the items presented on the screen occurred in the story or not. The results obtained suggest that the formal pattern of reduplication plays the role of a trigger.","PeriodicalId":35124,"journal":{"name":"Belgian Journal of Linguistics","volume":"25 1","pages":"148-175"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1075/BJL.25.07ROS","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59375925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 9
Squib: A deflationary account of invited inferences 哑炮:对引自推论的一种紧缩的描述
Belgian Journal of Linguistics Pub Date : 2011-01-01 DOI: 10.1075/BJL.25.09NOV
I. Noveck, Mathilde Bonnefond, Jean-Baptiste Van der Henst
{"title":"Squib: A deflationary account of invited inferences","authors":"I. Noveck, Mathilde Bonnefond, Jean-Baptiste Van der Henst","doi":"10.1075/BJL.25.09NOV","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/BJL.25.09NOV","url":null,"abstract":"This squib reconsiders Geis & Zwicky’s influential proposal on Invited Inference, according to which conditionals are regularly “perfected” to biconditionals. We first show that the “regularity” assumption attached to conditional perfection is doubtful in light of established experimental findings concerning other logical terms, such as Some and or and the conjunction and. We then review existing conditional data with the aim of making them cohere with these other experimental findings. We argue that (a) the process that leaves the impression of a biconditional reading (the acceptance of a fallacious argument such as the Affirmation of the Consequent) arises only after all participants detect a violation on-line from what is essentially a surprising minor premise and that; (b) some participants make an effort to adjust to such unexpected violations at a relatively small cognitive cost in order to accept invalid arguments while others persist in rejecting whatever follows and at a greater cognitive cost. Both of these features of conditional processing undermine claims from Geis & Zwicky’s proposal.","PeriodicalId":35124,"journal":{"name":"Belgian Journal of Linguistics","volume":"25 1","pages":"195-208"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1075/BJL.25.09NOV","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59375979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 7
Adjectival vs. nominal categorization processes: The Rule vs. Similarity hypothesis 形容词与名义的分类过程:规则与相似性假设
Belgian Journal of Linguistics Pub Date : 2011-01-01 DOI: 10.1075/BJL.25.06SAS
G. Sassoon
{"title":"Adjectival vs. nominal categorization processes: The Rule vs. Similarity hypothesis","authors":"G. Sassoon","doi":"10.1075/BJL.25.06SAS","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/BJL.25.06SAS","url":null,"abstract":"Classification of entities into categories can be determined based on a rule � a single criterion or relatively few criteria combined with logical operations like �and� or �or�. Alternatively, classification can be based on similarity to prototypical examples, i.e. an overall degree of match to prototypical values on multiple dimensions. Two cognitive systems are reported in the literature to underlie processing by rules vs. similarity. This paper presents a novel thesis according to which adjectives and nouns trigger processing by the rule vs. similarity systems, respectively. The paper defends the thesis that nouns are conceptually gradable and multidimensional, but, unlike adjectives, their dimensions are integrated through similarity operations, like weighted sums, to yield an overall degree of match to ideal values on multiple dimensions. By contrast, adjectives are associated with single dimensions, or several dimensions bound by logical operations, such as �and� and �or�. In accordance, nouns are predicted to differ from adjectives semantically, developmentally, and processing-wise. Similarity-based dimension integration is implicit � processing is automatic, fast, and beyond speaker awareness � whereas logical, rule-based dimension integration is explicit, and is acquired late. The paper highlights a number of links between findings reported in the literature about rule- vs. similarity-based categorization and corresponding structural, distributional, neural and developmental findings about adjectives and nouns. These links suggest that the rule vs. similarity (RS) hypothesis for the adjective-noun distinction should be studied more directly in the future.","PeriodicalId":35124,"journal":{"name":"Belgian Journal of Linguistics","volume":"25 1","pages":"104-147"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1075/BJL.25.06SAS","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59375867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 24
Affordance and ability: How do participants replicate linguistic choices in the lab? 可得性和能力:参与者如何在实验室中复制语言选择?
Belgian Journal of Linguistics Pub Date : 2011-01-01 DOI: 10.1075/BJL.25.03MAR
Jean-Marie Marandin
{"title":"Affordance and ability: How do participants replicate linguistic choices in the lab?","authors":"Jean-Marie Marandin","doi":"10.1075/BJL.25.03MAR","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/BJL.25.03MAR","url":null,"abstract":"This paper addresses epistemological issues raised by the use of elicited data in linguistic analyses. A common suspicion raised by experimental settings is this: participants in the lab do not replicate their everyday use of language, due to the artificiality of the tasks and of the contexts involved, so that elicited speech should not constitute a reliable source of data. I set out the experimental settings and results of four empirical studies – two studies investigating the pragmatic value of prosodic focalization through the controversial use of elicited data, one study on dative alternations based on a corpus and on a rating task, and one study on the contextual determinants of intonational contours based on a production task – to dispel this methodological suspicion: the artificiality of elicitation protocols does not prevent participants from using language as they do in spontaneous interactions. Careful examination reveals that the biases observed in the first two studies arise because subjects are not provided with sufficient cues concerning the context. I borrow the Gibsonian notion of affordance to characterise the state in which a context provides optimal resources to enable the production of the targeted construction, and argue that elicited data are reliable only when contexts optimise affordances.","PeriodicalId":35124,"journal":{"name":"Belgian Journal of Linguistics","volume":"25 1","pages":"30-50"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1075/BJL.25.03MAR","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59375685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Causal framing for medical instrumentality: Applied ontology and frame-based Construction Grammar 医疗工具的因果框架:应用本体和基于框架的结构语法
Belgian Journal of Linguistics Pub Date : 2010-01-01 DOI: 10.1075/BJL.24.08SAM
Paul Sambre, C. Wermuth
{"title":"Causal framing for medical instrumentality: Applied ontology and frame-based Construction Grammar","authors":"Paul Sambre, C. Wermuth","doi":"10.1075/BJL.24.08SAM","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/BJL.24.08SAM","url":null,"abstract":"This paper explores the linguistic patterns of instrumentality in the titles of English medical research papers, at the interface between conceptual and linguistic structure, and offers a contribution to the little studied interrelationships between static and dynamic conceptual relations in medical ontology and LSP terminology. It is demonstrated how causal cues constitute the conceptual background against which instrumentals are profiled in the causal chain of the medical model. Taking inspiration from Talmy, frame semantics and construction grammar, the linguistic patterns in which causal and instrumental frame elements are co-activated are transcribed as complex patterns with partial morphological, syntactic and lexical marking of the conceptual relations under study. The paper offers an exploratory typology of causal cues for instrumentals and describes how multiple instruments can appear in medical LSP. The findings are relevant for those interested in the nexus between ontology, constructional aspects of expert language and frame semantics","PeriodicalId":35124,"journal":{"name":"Belgian Journal of Linguistics","volume":"24 1","pages":"164-193"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1075/BJL.24.08SAM","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59375618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
Naming and framing in Belgian politics: An analysis of the representation of politicians and the political state of affairs during the 2007 government formation period in the Belgian press 比利时政治中的命名和框架:分析2007年比利时新闻界政府组建期间政治家的代表性和政治状况
Belgian Journal of Linguistics Pub Date : 2010-01-01 DOI: 10.1075/BJL.24.06TEM
Martina Temmerman
{"title":"Naming and framing in Belgian politics: An analysis of the representation of politicians and the political state of affairs during the 2007 government formation period in the Belgian press","authors":"Martina Temmerman","doi":"10.1075/BJL.24.06TEM","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/BJL.24.06TEM","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes the way Belgian politicians represented themselves, their parties and the political situation in newspaper interviews in the government formation period of 2007. Interviews with four politicians, both in Dutch and in French, have been analyzed in order to reconstruct the image the politicians convey of themselves and of the political parties they stand for, and to reconstruct the frames they apply to the political situation. A critical linguistic and framing analysis shows how this representation is built up through an interplay of names used to describe oneself, the specific use of the pronouns of the first person plural and consistent metaphors. The paper ties in with the theme of this special issue in that it bridges the gap between construction grammar and linguistic discourse analysis: knowledge of social networks (and their evaluation of utterances) is important for analyzing choices between discourse alternatives by discourse agents (as politicians are).","PeriodicalId":35124,"journal":{"name":"Belgian Journal of Linguistics","volume":"24 1","pages":"120-138"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1075/BJL.24.06TEM","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59375611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 6
A frame-based approach to modality: The case of obligation 基于框架的情态分析方法:以义务为例
Belgian Journal of Linguistics Pub Date : 2010-01-01 DOI: 10.1075/BJL.24.01FUR
Grégory Furmaniak
{"title":"A frame-based approach to modality: The case of obligation","authors":"Grégory Furmaniak","doi":"10.1075/BJL.24.01FUR","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/BJL.24.01FUR","url":null,"abstract":"This paper sets out to demonstrate that the complex semantic structure underlying a modal concept such as OBLIGATION can only be characterized relative to a frame (or script) based on — but not limited to — a core force-dynamic configuration. It is assumed that the distributional properties of expressions of OBLIGATION throw light upon the more peripheral components of the script, among which the notion of volition is shown to play a substantial role. It is also argued that this script, conceived as a template, receives further semantic specifications when it is activated in discourse. These specifications account for the various uses of forms expressing the same notion.Finally, it is suggested that an analysis of other modal concepts along the same lines would provide a valuable insight into the semantics of modality as a conceptual category and a key to understanding the linguistic properties of modal expressions.","PeriodicalId":35124,"journal":{"name":"Belgian Journal of Linguistics","volume":"24 1","pages":"17-35"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1075/BJL.24.01FUR","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59376034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
You want to be careful: Advice as the only emerging modal use of want to/wanna, or shifting frames? 你要小心:建议是唯一出现的want to/wanna的情态用法,还是转换框架?
Belgian Journal of Linguistics Pub Date : 2010-01-01 DOI: 10.1075/BJL.24.02VER
H. Verplaetse
{"title":"You want to be careful: Advice as the only emerging modal use of want to/wanna, or shifting frames?","authors":"H. Verplaetse","doi":"10.1075/BJL.24.02VER","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/BJL.24.02VER","url":null,"abstract":"The current contribution considers the use of the emerging modal forms want to / wanna for the speech act of advice with reference to two cognitive frameworks, viz. force dynamics and frame semantics. It is held that a volitional semantic core is projected in terms of wanting as a force dynamic experience which extends to the addressee as a mental extrapolation. In frame semantic terms the resulting speech act generates a new frame and new participant roles, so that the category “Attempt_suasion” is proposed as an addition for the verb form want in FrameNet. The interprations in terms of both theoretical frameworks are further supported by the case of second person want to / wanna for advice with an added question tag, representing respectively a lifted barrier and a frame shift, and illustrating the added potential of the forms in terms of face, when compared to the modal should.","PeriodicalId":35124,"journal":{"name":"Belgian Journal of Linguistics","volume":"1 1","pages":"36-53"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1075/BJL.24.02VER","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59375586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
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