Myke D. M. Valadão, Diego A. Amoedo, Antônio M. C. Pereira, Samuel A. Tavares, Rafael S. Furtado, Celso B. Carvalho, André L. A. da Costa, W. S. S. Júnior
{"title":"Cooperative Spectrum Sensing System using Residual Convolutional Neural Network","authors":"Myke D. M. Valadão, Diego A. Amoedo, Antônio M. C. Pereira, Samuel A. Tavares, Rafael S. Furtado, Celso B. Carvalho, André L. A. da Costa, W. S. S. Júnior","doi":"10.1109/ICCE53296.2022.9730218","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCE53296.2022.9730218","url":null,"abstract":"Some bands in the frequency spectrum became overloaded and others underutilized due to considerable increase in demand and user allocation policy. Cognitive radio applies sensing techniques to dynamically allocate secondary users. Cooperative spectrum sensing are currently showing promising results. So, in this work, we propose a cooperative spectrum sensing system based on a residual convolutional neural network architecture. For the proposed method, accuracy was more than 95% for noise power density below -124dBm/Hz, with the cooperation of 10 secondary users.","PeriodicalId":350644,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE International Conference on Consumer Electronics (ICCE)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131105287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pengcheng Hou, Junjie Zhu, Kenta Nagayama, Yafei Hou, S. Denno
{"title":"Prediction Evaluation for RSSI Data Generated from Leaky Coaxial Cables over Indoor Environment","authors":"Pengcheng Hou, Junjie Zhu, Kenta Nagayama, Yafei Hou, S. Denno","doi":"10.1109/ICCE53296.2022.9730575","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCE53296.2022.9730575","url":null,"abstract":"Using a probabilistic neural network (PNN) based predictor, this paper investigates the prediction accuracy of the time-series received signal strength indicator (RSSI) data generated over an indoor environment configured by multiple Leaky coaxial cable (LCX). In addition, it also compares the prediction results of RSSI data from the same environment but configured with the conventional monopole antenna. The results indicate that the RSSI data generated by the LCX antenna has better prediction accuracy over multi-path rich environment than that of using the conventional monopole antenna, which can be used for many linear-cell based wireless coverage.","PeriodicalId":350644,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE International Conference on Consumer Electronics (ICCE)","volume":"57 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115410988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Govindarajan Sriramakrishnan, Mihir Mody, G. Shurtz, Charles Fuoco, Kedar Chitnis, Nikhil Devshatwar, D. Steiss, Jonathan Bergsagel, Jason Jones, Prithvi Shankar Y A
{"title":"IO Virtualization for Real Time Automotive Systems","authors":"Govindarajan Sriramakrishnan, Mihir Mody, G. Shurtz, Charles Fuoco, Kedar Chitnis, Nikhil Devshatwar, D. Steiss, Jonathan Bergsagel, Jason Jones, Prithvi Shankar Y A","doi":"10.1109/ICCE53296.2022.9730181","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCE53296.2022.9730181","url":null,"abstract":"Virtualization is common in enterprise systems to isolate multiple server applications using the same underlying HW. In automotive systems virtualization is fast becoming table stakes to isolate safety applications like ADAS (Advanced Driver Assist System) and infotainment using the same underlying SOC. This presents unique challenges related to peripheral IO virtualization, not seen in enterprise systems, like deterministic latency to external memory (<5 cycles) and high data throughput (6-10GB/s for real-time camera's and display's. Traditional approach to peripheral virtualization involves usage of a centralized IOMMU using 2-level page table with a table walk through, which make the scheme non-deterministic and lower throughput. This paper proposes a automotive friendly approach to peripheral IO virtualization, using multiple innovations like, HW engine for level 1 deterministic scatter-gather operation via Peripheral Address Translation (PAT) unit, level 2 virtual machine context aware translation via Peripheral Virtualization Unit (PVU), and ability for these schemes to co-exists with tradition IOMMU schemes for non-real time traffic. The proposed virtualization system is implemented on the Jacinto 7 platform to virtualize a multi-camera ADAS system with multimedia infotainment application to give deterministic peripheral IO address translation latency of 2 cycles per transaction and system data throughput of 8 GB/s.","PeriodicalId":350644,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE International Conference on Consumer Electronics (ICCE)","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114838673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K. Cho, Hyun Woo Oh, Jeongeun Kim, Y. Jeong, Seung Eun Lee
{"title":"A Local Interconnect Network Controller for Resource-Constrained Automotive Devices","authors":"K. Cho, Hyun Woo Oh, Jeongeun Kim, Y. Jeong, Seung Eun Lee","doi":"10.1109/ICCE53296.2022.9730493","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCE53296.2022.9730493","url":null,"abstract":"As the amount of data for automotive systems is increased, a dedicated communication controller for in-vehicle networks is required. This paper proposes a local interconnect network (LIN) controller for resource-constrained devices. The designed LIN controller efficiently reduces the workload of target devices by processing the LIN frame header, data response, and protocol errors. To demonstrate the feasibility of design, a Cortex-M0 is employed as a main processor and connected to the LIN controller. We implemented a LIN node by programming the processor, and the functionality of LIN controller was verified with a LIN frame analyzer and hardware scope. In addition, we analyzed the affection of communication loads on the processor and evaluated the benefits of LIN controller.","PeriodicalId":350644,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE International Conference on Consumer Electronics (ICCE)","volume":"59 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117031988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Image Generation by Residual Block Based Generative Adversarial Networks","authors":"Kuan-Hsien Liu, Chien-Cheng Lin, Tsung-Jung Liu","doi":"10.1109/ICCE53296.2022.9730533","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCE53296.2022.9730533","url":null,"abstract":"Generative adversarial network is a popular deep learning technique for solving artificial intelligence tasks, and it has been widely studied and applied for processing images, voices, texts and so on. Especially, generative adversarial network is adopted in the field of image processing, such as image style transfer, image restoration, image super-resolution and so on. Although generative adversarial networks show remarkable success in image generation, training process is usually unstable and trained models collapse where many of the generated images may contain the same color or texture pattern. In this paper, the network of generator and discriminator are modified, and the residual block is added to the generative adversarial network architecture to learn better image features. To reduce the loss of image feature during training and get more features to stabilize image generation, we use feature matching to minimize feature loss between the real and generated images for stable training. In the experiment, performance improvement can be obtained by adopting our proposed method, which is also better than some state-of-the-art methods.","PeriodicalId":350644,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE International Conference on Consumer Electronics (ICCE)","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117146110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Constrained Neural Estimation of Bluetooth Direction of Arrival with Non-Uniform Arrays","authors":"M. Perrone, D. Pau, N. Piazzese","doi":"10.1109/ICCE53296.2022.9730266","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCE53296.2022.9730266","url":null,"abstract":"Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) 5.1 boosts indoor positioning solutions with its new direction finding features: the HAAT (high accuracy asset tracking) and the BT PIP (Bluetooth public indoor positioning), devised both for the consumer and the industrial field. To achieve efficient and compact solutions, there is a growing interest in the usage of non-uniform an-tenna arrays, which are much more flexible in terms of layout design compared to uniform arrays, while retaining the same capabilities. Unfortunately, there are only a few direction-finding algorithms that work finely with non-uniform arrays, and the current BLE HAAT or BT PIP solutions are all based on the MUltiple Signal Classification algorithm (MUSIC). However, MUSIC requires the calculation of the covariance matrix and a peak-finding procedure in the computed pseudo-spectrum, making it prohibitive to develop real-time estimations on low-cost microcontroller units (MCUs). This paper describes an innovative approach to overcome these limitations. We consider as a study case a BLE HAAT application with a rectangular array, which is comprised of eight antenna elements evenly spaced a square edge. This array is non-uniform due to the lack of the central element. In conjunction to the selected topology, we use a tiny artificial neural network (ANN), which is trained and tested on a dataset specifically devised for this task. Unlike other datasets, it contains not only additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) but also increasingly strong coherent interference. The proposed ANN is implemented on a low-cost microcontroller unit and is able to estimate, in a few milliseconds, a very precise direction of arrival (DoA) with only one sample per antenna element. Given the same input samples, the proposed solution is three orders of magnitude faster than MUSIC and has a better performance both in terms of azimuth and elevation.","PeriodicalId":350644,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE International Conference on Consumer Electronics (ICCE)","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117319455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Daeyoung Jung, Dongju Cha, Dongkyun Ryoo, K. Lee, Jun-Sik Kim, S. Park, Sangheon Pack
{"title":"Handover Performance of Split RAN-Based Vehicular Networks: A Simulation Study","authors":"Daeyoung Jung, Dongju Cha, Dongkyun Ryoo, K. Lee, Jun-Sik Kim, S. Park, Sangheon Pack","doi":"10.1109/ICCE53296.2022.9730374","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCE53296.2022.9730374","url":null,"abstract":"Split radio access network (RAN) is a promising technology to achieve seamless coverage and high utilization by deploying a number of distributed units (DUs) and controlling them with a central unit (CU). In this paper, we consider a split RAN-based vehicular network and investigate its handover performance. Specifically, we extended the integrated access and backhaul (IAB) module in the ns-3 mmWave package for split RAN and conduced extensive simulations on the UDP throughput. The simulation results demonstrate that the UDP throughput can be improved by deploying more DUs under the CU for seamless coverage.","PeriodicalId":350644,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE International Conference on Consumer Electronics (ICCE)","volume":"201 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116164806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Un-Ki Park, Min-Sik Kim, Jong-Hyuk Lee, Hyeon-Su Park, H. Lim, Jae-Youl Lee
{"title":"A Novel Efficient Power Saving Method for Always-On Display","authors":"Un-Ki Park, Min-Sik Kim, Jong-Hyuk Lee, Hyeon-Su Park, H. Lim, Jae-Youl Lee","doi":"10.1109/ICCE53296.2022.9730166","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCE53296.2022.9730166","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes a method of Always-On Display (AOD) function, named H/W Efficient Standalone AOD that operates AOD function inside Display Driver IC (DDI) itself with Application Processor (AP) sleep mode for low-power operation. Moreover, this paper also proposes a novel AOD operating architecture that can remove the additional memory required to express AOD information. Through experimental results, the proposed method demonstrates that the power consumption is reduced by 17.6% effectively without costing additional memory or causing cognitive image quality loss compared to the conventional AOD method.","PeriodicalId":350644,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE International Conference on Consumer Electronics (ICCE)","volume":"103 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116410136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
B. B. Gupta, Akshat Gaurav, Kwok Tai Chui, Ching-Hsien Hsu
{"title":"Identity-Based Authentication Technique for IoT Devices","authors":"B. B. Gupta, Akshat Gaurav, Kwok Tai Chui, Ching-Hsien Hsu","doi":"10.1109/ICCE53296.2022.9730173","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCE53296.2022.9730173","url":null,"abstract":"The Internet of Things (IoT) is a broad term used to describe many types of linked equipment that are both intelligent and interconnected through a network. These Internet of Things devices have become an essential part of our everyday lives. These devices, however, are still in the development stage. Because of their low computing capacity, they are susceptible to various cyberattacks like distributed denial of service (DDoS) attacks and denial of service (DoS) attacks. They disrupt the normal functioning of IoT devices and expose sensitive data; therefore, identifying and mitigating cyber-attacks on IoT devices is a critical area of study. In this regard, we proposed an IoT device-specific unique identity-based authentication method in this pa-per. Our proposed approach employs lightweight authentication procedures that use the unique IDs of IoT devices to provide identity - based encryption.","PeriodicalId":350644,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE International Conference on Consumer Electronics (ICCE)","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123457626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Wide-Area Road Surface Condition Observation System utilizing Traveling Sensing by LiDAR","authors":"Ryota Akiyama, H. Yamamoto, Y. Kitatsuji","doi":"10.1109/ICCE53296.2022.9730415","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCE53296.2022.9730415","url":null,"abstract":"In order to improve the efficiency of the snow removal activity in heavy snowfall areas, the measurement of the amount of snowfall on roads is one of the most important tasks. However, at present, the snow removal operator visually measures the snow depth by using rulers and poles, which becomes a burden for the operator. In addition, the measurement of road surface condition is also an important task for the maintenance of paved roads but it is difficult for local governments to perform the measurement in a wide area due to lack of budget and staff in charge. The existing research has proposed a method of measuring conditions of the road surface by using ultrasonic distance sensors and by analyzing camera images. However, the measurement range is limited to the vicinity of the place where the measurement device is installed, and it is difficult to correctly measure the undulations of the road surface and snow surface. Therefore, in this study, we propose a new system that utilizes high precision sensors such as LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) which can measure the shape of the road surface. By installing the sensors on the snowplows and vehicles owned by local governments, the system can measure the point cloud data for a wide area while the vehicles are in operation. Furthermore, the method to estimate the undulations of the road surface by analyzing the point cloud data that represents the shape of the road surface is proposed.","PeriodicalId":350644,"journal":{"name":"2022 IEEE International Conference on Consumer Electronics (ICCE)","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122017731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}