Journal of the Indian Academy of Geriatrics最新文献

{"title":"Association of caregiver distress with behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia-A cross-sectional correlational study from South India","authors":"Sripathi Goud, Vishal Indla, Manjiri Deshpande, I. Reddy","doi":"10.4103/jiag.jiag_15_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jiag.jiag_15_21","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Context: Non-cognitive symptoms of dementia, also known as behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) are a less researched topic in developing countries like India. These symptoms not only affect the ability to sustain daily activities and reduce the quality of life but also increase morbidity and mortality in patients with dementia. Aims: The study aimed to assess the prevalence of BPSD and various correlates associated with the severity of BPSD and caregiver distress. Subjects and Methods: It was a cross-sectional, correlational study done on 80 consecutive patients and their caregivers attending the memory clinic of Indlas VIMHANS Hospital, Vijayawada. A semi-structured proforma to collect socio-demographic data, Mini-Mental Status Examination (MMSE), The Neuropsychiatric Inventory-Questionnaire (NPI-Q), and Everyday Abilities Scale for India (EASI) were used in the study. Descriptive and inferential statistical analyses were done to find the correlation between different study variables. Results: BPSD were reported in all the dementia patients. Night-time behaviour disturbances (100%), hallucinations (86.25%), irritability (76.25%), delusions (75%), and agitation (76.25%) were more commonly reported BPSD. There was a positive correlation between BPSD severity and caregiver distress on- hallucinations (r=0.661, P<0.001) delusions (r=0.840, P <0.001), agitation (r=0.823, P<0.001), depression (r=0.947, P<0.001), anxiety (r=0.971, P=0.038), disinhibition (r=0.917, P<0.001), irritability (r=0.875, P<0.001), night-time behaviour disturbances (r=0.451, P<0.001), and appetite abnormality (r=0.683, P<0.001) items. On Pearson correlation care giver distress was significantly associated with – age of the patient (r=0.325, P=0.003), MMSE score (r= -0.461, P<0.001), BPSD severity (r=0.780, P<0.001) and EASI score (r=0.475, P<0.001). Severity of BPSD showed significant correlation with- age of the patient (r=0.267, P=0.017), MMSE score (r= -0.269, P=0.016) and EASI score (r=0.356, P<0.001). Conclusion: BPSD are universal in dementia and they impact the quality of the life of the patients and the caregivers. Improvement in BPSD may reduce caregiver distress and improve the quality of care received by patients.","PeriodicalId":350641,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Indian Academy of Geriatrics","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116726058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spectrum of skin diseases in the elderly age group: A hospital-based study","authors":"M. Mehra, N. Mishra, P. Gahalaut, M. Rastogi, Neni Agarwal","doi":"10.4103/jiag.jiag_13_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jiag.jiag_13_21","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The increasing average lifespan has led to an increase in an elderly patient encountered in day-to-day practice. Despite this, there is a lack of statistical data about dermatosis in the elderly. Objectives: This study has been performed with the objectives of studying the spectrum of skin diseases in the elderly and study associations of these with various demographic characteristics such as age, gender, and residence with clinical diagnosis. Methodology: This was a cross-sectional study based in a tertiary care teaching hospital, which included patients aged 60 years and above, presenting to the outpatient department of dermatology. Results: A total of 440 patients were enrolled. The mean age was 65.92 years, with maximum belonging to the 60–69 years' age group (73%) and a male preponderance (1.97:1). The most common systemic ailment was diabetes mellitus (18.2%). The most common physiological change was wrinkling (92.3%). Among pathological conditions, infections were the most common group (51.3%). Fungal infections were seen in 24.1% and leprosy in 6.8% of patients. Wrinkling, neoplasia, and nail changes were significantly higher in males. Metabolic dermatosis was significantly higher in diabetics. Generalized pruritus, neoplasia, and pigmentary disorders were significantly more common in urban residents, whereas infections were significantly higher in rural residents. Conclusion: The most common physiologic finding among the elderly was wrinkles while the most common dermatosis were infections. Dermatosis in the elderly has atypical presentations due to an interplay of physiological and pathological factors. With increasing average lifespan, dermatological demands of the aged are growing. Thus, it is important to study the problems of the aged individuals, so proper dermatological care can be provided to them.","PeriodicalId":350641,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Indian Academy of Geriatrics","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121853276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ageism in time of COVID-19","authors":"Venugopalan Gunasekaran","doi":"10.4103/jiag.jiag_22_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jiag.jiag_22_21","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":350641,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Indian Academy of Geriatrics","volume":"175 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115184403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Knowledge, attitudes, and practices among older adults of Urban Rajasthan toward COVID-19: A cross-sectional survey","authors":"L. Goyal, D. Sharma, Dileep Wadhwani, Sunny Singhal, A. Mathur","doi":"10.4103/jiag.jiag_18_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jiag.jiag_18_21","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: With no effective treatment in sight, preventive measures are the only effective way to fight coronavirus. As older adults are highly vulnerable in this pandemic, it is essential to understand and identify gaps in their knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) regarding COVID-19 to address them. The study aimed to assess KAP among older adults of urban Rajasthan toward COVID-19 infection and its vaccination. Materials and Methods: The online cross-sectional survey was conducted in June 2021 using a questionnaire with close-ended questions on COVID-19 infection and vaccination with a convenience sample of 100 older adults above 60 years residing in Rajasthan. The questionnaire was developed and validated using Google Forms and circulated via social media. Results: The mean age of the participants was 68.2 years. Seventy-four were male and 72 had educational qualification graduate and above. They demonstrated a moderate level of KAP toward the coronavirus infection. However, <5% had completely correct score on either knowledge, attitude, or practices. Knowledge, attitude and practices of subjects regarding vaccination were good. 97% of the participants received at least one dose and 95% agreeing to recommend it to others too. However, only 36% knew that vaccine does not decrease immunity. Conclusion: Although older adults had reasonably good KAP relating to coronavirus infection and its vaccination, there are still some misconceptions and malpractices. Further, information, education, and communication activity can promote their positive attitude toward preventive measures into good practice of self-imposed lockdown.","PeriodicalId":350641,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Indian Academy of Geriatrics","volume":"108 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127970453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A case report of coinfection of cytomegalovirus colitis and tuberculosis of the intestine in an older patient with heterozygous beta-thalassemia-induced immunodeficiency","authors":"Sunny Singhal, Gaurav H Desai, A. Dey","doi":"10.4103/jiag.jiag_12_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jiag.jiag_12_21","url":null,"abstract":"While thalassemia major is a known immunodeficient state, reports of thalassemia minor presenting with immunodeficiency are rare. We present a 66-year-old male with acute abdomen, hemorrhagic colitis, and septic shock. He was diagnosed with coinfection of intestinal tuberculosis and cytomegalovirus colitis secondary to an immunodeficient state due to heterozygous beta-thalassemia.","PeriodicalId":350641,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Indian Academy of Geriatrics","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123304606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Potentially inappropriate medication prescribing in older adults: American geriatric society updated beers criteria journey","authors":"Rishabh Sharma, P. Bansal, R. Garg, M. Arora","doi":"10.4103/jiag.jiag_2_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jiag.jiag_2_21","url":null,"abstract":"The present manuscript highlights Beers guidelines till date and puts them at a single platform to enable the physicians, academicians, and patients for the safe and timely use of medicines. Potentially inappropriate medications (PIM) are medications in which adverse risks exceed its health benefits. Complex and multiple comorbidities in older adults make them use multiple drugs that further become a reason for exclusion from randomized clinical trials (RCT). Hence, no set guidelines or RCT-based scientific shreds of evidence are available to support prescription decisions. PIM has become an increasingly common problem in older adults; hence the American Geriatric Society updated Beers criteria; the most crucial strategy to check its use/misuse. The Beers criteria have been formulated in 1991 with the help of validated and appropriate screening tools that explain the use/avoidance of various drugs in older adults based on their health status and are being further updated as and when required. This change in Beers criteria is due to some limitations in the study population, emerging adverse drug reactions/new drug molecules, change in pharmacodynamics of medicines with changing physiology of older adults. Beers guidelines are being updated; however, few significant issues that are not being touched by the committee responsible for constituting the criteria.","PeriodicalId":350641,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Indian Academy of Geriatrics","volume":"235 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122693736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How to live well in old age?","authors":"Vinod Kumar","doi":"10.4103/jiag.jiag_8_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jiag.jiag_8_21","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":350641,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Indian Academy of Geriatrics","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114251899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and correlates of physical disability among elderly rural population in a community development block of Purba Bardhaman District, West Bengal","authors":"C. Saha, Rupali Thakur, Sulagna Das, D. Das","doi":"10.4103/jiag.jiag_6_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jiag.jiag_6_21","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: With demographic transition and increase in life expectancy elderly population has increased substantially in recent years. Rapid growth in the elderly population resulted in high magnitude of noncommunicable diseases leading to physical disability, dependency on caregivers and poor quality of life. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and correlates of physical disability among elderly rural population in a community development block. Subjects and Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in Bhatar block of Purba Bardhaman district from November 2020 to January 2021 among 350 elderly participants ≥60 years selected by multistage random sampling. With prior informed consent, data were collected using semi-structured pre-designed, pretested schedule and 10-item Barthel index. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression was done to find out the correlates. Results: The prevalence of physical disability among elderly was 28.9% and proportion was more in ≥70 years age group, 62.6% of the subjects suffered from one or more chronic diseases. In bivariate analysis age (odds ratio [OR] = 5.36), caste (OR = 2.27), education (OR = 4.57), current employment status (OR = 0.13), type of family (OR = 2.15), socioeconomic status (OR = 4.04) and presence of any chronic diseases (OR = 1.86) was significantly associated with physical disability. Multivariable analysis revealed age (adjusted OR [AOR] = 2.96 [1.54–5.68]), education (AOR = 2.98 [1.60–5.54]) and current employment status (AOR = 0.23 [0.09–0.58]) as significant predictors. Conclusions: The prevalence of physical disability among elderly is substantially high in the study area. Effective promotive, preventive, curative, and rehabilitative geriatric health care services need to be strengthened for early diagnosis and treatment of health problems in the elderly.","PeriodicalId":350641,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Indian Academy of Geriatrics","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129285926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative analysis of expression of lupus erythematosus in geriatrics versus adults: A retrospective study from tertiary care centre, Rajasthan, India","authors":"N. Gupta, V. Paliwal, P. Bhargava, D. Mathur","doi":"10.4103/jiag.jiag_11_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jiag.jiag_11_21","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Comparative analysis of expression of lupus erythematosus (LE) in geriatrics versus adults. Materials and Methods: We analyzed and compare the patient's records attending our department between June 2017 and June 2019, diagnosed clinically and immunologically as LE between the two groups. Results: Sixty patients, 30 in each group, met ACRA criteria, were enrolled with mean age of presentation for early-onset was 28 ± 9.8 years and late-onset, 59 ± 4.8 years. Most of the patients were females with decrease in sex ratio with age. The most common presentations were malar rash, photosensitivity, and oral ulcers. Joint complaints, lung and cardiac involvement, and nonscarring alopecia were more common in the elderly. Direct Coombs test positive hemolytic anemia, renal involvement in forms of proteinuria and lupus nephritis, and neurological involvement were seen more commonly in adults. In immunological parameters, antinuclear antibody, anti-double standard DNA antibody (AntiDsDNA), and anti-smith antibody testing were done. AntiDsDNA positivity was more in adults correlate with disease severity. We calculate the systemic LE disease activity index 2000 score was higher in the adult population. Conclusion: Our study illustrated that disease activity and damage are more in adults in comparison to geriatrics. However, geriatrics had more organ damage that may be attributable to associated comorbidities. Although the connective tissue diseases in the elderly needs less aggressive management, it requires more attention for possible organ damage due to associated comorbidities.","PeriodicalId":350641,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Indian Academy of Geriatrics","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134025816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spontaneous regression of chronic epstein –Barr virus infection-related lymphoproliferative disease","authors":"Bharti Kumari, A. Rao, M. Subramanian, A. Dey","doi":"10.4103/jiag.jiag_1_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jiag.jiag_1_21","url":null,"abstract":"Chronic active Epstein–Barr virus infection (CAEBV) is relatively uncommon and can be associated with lymphoproliferative diseases (LPD's) of NK/T cell and B cell type. In the western world, the disease is less common, while it is found to be more prevalent in the East Asian, South, and Central American population. The presentation widely varies from skin rashes, fever, lymphadenopathy to major organ involvement and usually takes a fulminant course. Here, we describe a 70-year-old Indian male, who was diagnosed as CAEBV-related LPD with spontaneous regression with a brief review of the literature.","PeriodicalId":350641,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Indian Academy of Geriatrics","volume":"101 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122537021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}