Journal of Fatima Jinnah Medical University最新文献

{"title":"Assessment of knowledge related to COVID-19 among professionals and students: A cross-sectional study from Punjab, Pakistan","authors":"Alia Zubair, A. Shah, M. J. Tahir, Muna Malik, M. I. Malik, Ayesha Sajjad, Sardar Muhammad AL Fareed Zafar","doi":"10.37018/2478","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37018/2478","url":null,"abstract":"Background: COVID-19 outbreak posed a serious threat to public health and greatly impacted the life of professionals and students. Hence, this study aimed to evaluate the knowledge related to COVID-19 during a lockdown in Punjab, Pakistan. \u0000Subjects and methods: This cross-sectional online study recruited 833 participants (males=417, females=416) from major cities (Lahore, Islamabad, Rawalpindi, Gujranwala, Bahawalpur, Faisalabad, and Sialkot) in Punjab, Pakistan, during the months of March and April 2020.  A pre-designed questionnaire was shared, among professionals (including pharmacists, paramedical staff, lawyers, businessmen, teachers) and students (including medical undergraduate and postgraduate students, and non-medical students), containing 12 questions regarding their knowledge of COVID-19. Data were collected using convenient sampling technique. Chi-square test and logistic regression model were applied for analysis using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software. \u0000Results: The mean age of the participants was 23 years ranged from 15-68 years. Of the 833 participants, 365 (43.8%) were well aware, 405 (48.6%) were aware and only 63 (7.6%) were not aware of COVID-19. Most of the participants (69.4%) did not know about coronaviruses (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus and Middle East respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus) before this pandemic. Using logistic regression analysis, age above 24 years, being a student (vs. being a professional) and a prior knowledge about coronavirus resulted in having higher odds of knowledge about COVID-19 with a significant p-value (<0.05). \u0000Conclusion: This study identifies that the majority of the participants had necessary knowledge about transmission, preventive measures and basic hygiene about COVID-19. However, there is a need to improve knowledge among the younger population and professionals.","PeriodicalId":349972,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fatima Jinnah Medical University","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130415838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hepatotoxic effects of Diclofenac and Febuxostat combination on mice liver function tests after oral administration","authors":"S. Naureen, Rizwan Waseem, Javariah Fatima, A. Shah, Huma Manzor, B. Shaheen","doi":"10.37018/sxaw2460","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37018/sxaw2460","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The liver is a major organ and involved in metabolizing various toxins, including chemicals, drugs, and natural substances.1 Diclofenac is a commonly used non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug. Febuxostat is a novel non-purine xanthine oxidase inhibitor prescribed in various hyperuricemic states. Rise in liver enzymes with diclofenac use is a well-established fact. When both drugs are used in combination, these may lead to profound hepatotoxicity. To find out these facts this study was planned. \u0000Subjects and methods: An experimental study on mice was planned to explore these facts in University of Health sciences, Lahore. Animals were divided into 6 groups having 10 animals in each group. The animals were given drugs for 7 days. One served as control. 2nd group was given Diclofenac alone (100mg/kg), 3rd group was given Febuxostat (50mg/kg) alone while rest of three groups were administered drugs combination (Diclofenac + Febuxostat). Dose of Diclofenac (100mg/kg) kept constant while dose of Febuxostat increased in each group (5mg/kg, 10mg/kg and 50mg/kg). All drugs administered orally by gavage. After 7 days, the serum levels of liver enzymes assessed. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 20. One way ANOVA and Post hoc Tukey tests were applied. A p-value of ≤0.05 was considered statistically significant. \u0000Results: The results showed that Diclofenac and Febuxostat caused liver damage when used separately but hepatotoxicity was much significant (p-value <0.001) when drugs were used in combination. \u0000Conclusion: Both drugs Diclofenac and Febuxostat when administered in combination, causes more liver profound liver damage. That is why their use in combination should be avoided in clinical settings.","PeriodicalId":349972,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fatima Jinnah Medical University","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115850365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Furosemide and Spironolactone on urinary zinc excretion in rats","authors":"Rabab Miraj, M. Jahangir, Akfish Zaheer, Nada Azam, A. H. Siddiqui, Sadia Chiradh","doi":"10.37018/hpgq6331","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37018/hpgq6331","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Zinc deficiency is associated with numerous diseases including hypertension, diabetes, obesity, immune dysregulation, cancer, depression and congenital anomalies. There are many reasons of zinc deficiency including some medications. If zinc supplementation is used with these medicines than many diseases can be prevented. \u0000Subjects and methods: This experimental study was planned to observe the effect of single diuretic dose of furosemide and spironolactone on zinc urinary excretion and blood levels in normal rats. Eighteen adult healthy male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups. After saline load rats were given distilled water, furosemide (10 mg/kg) and spironolactone (20 mg/kg) as single oral dose. Blood and urine samples were collected after five hours and analysed for zinc concentration by flame atomic absorption spectrophotometer. \u0000Results: Single oral dose of furosemide and spironolactone highly significantly increased urinary zinc excretion (p-value <0.001 vs normal control), and increased blood zinc level (p-value <0.001 vs. normal control). Value of both variables were significantly higher in furosemide-treated group (p-value <0.001 vs. furosemide-treated). \u0000Conclusion: Results of this research conclude that furosemide and spironolactone increase urinary zinc excretion when used for short period. It is also postulated that blood zinc concentration is not reliable measure to assess the zinc status of the body because its level shows compensatory rise during deficiency states.","PeriodicalId":349972,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fatima Jinnah Medical University","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131259653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"COVID-19 and Dengue: A potentially emerging healthcare challenge for Pakistan","authors":"F. Raza","doi":"10.37018/feog2563","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37018/feog2563","url":null,"abstract":"Pakistan is facing the third wave of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic and could head towards the fourth one. Although the burden of COVID-19 remained significantly low in the country as compared to its neighboring countries despite similar gene pool, health system, and climatic conditions, still Pakistan has dealt with the disease with relative effectiveness. The pandemic imposed immense pressure on the public health systems due to increased demand for specialized isolation wards and intensive care units and disease-related morbidity and mortality. Many of the tertiary care hospitals in the major pandemic-stricken districts have been transformed into specialized centers dedicated to the treatment of COVID-19. This resulted in diverting major hospital resources and manpower to deal with the pandemic at the cost of other medical and surgical conditions. A recent pulse survey conducted by World Health Organization (WHO) in 135 countries demonstrated that the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic severely affected the global health services, while services for endemic tropical diseases (like dengue) were affected in 44% of countries, especially in resource-limited countries. Moreover, large-scale community-based interventions including vector surveillance and control were disrupted in 60% of the countries.1 Another survey by WHO on malaria control in sub-Saharan Africa demonstrated a >20% increase in malaria cases and a doubling of malaria-associated deaths due to a decline in malaria control activities during the pandemic. It is expected that the future catastrophe due to malaria might be much greater than the COVID-19 in endemic regions. Therefore, WHO recommends continuous monitoring, surveillance, and treatment to control the spread of malaria.2","PeriodicalId":349972,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fatima Jinnah Medical University","volume":"91 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115829823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Maternal and fetal factors contributing to neonatal outcome in Al-Tibri Medical College and Hospital","authors":"Erum Saboohi, N. Seema, A. Hassan","doi":"10.37018/qbhp7754","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37018/qbhp7754","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The study was done to identify the maternal and fetal factors contributing to neonatal outcome and to evaluate the correlation between risk factors and adverse neonatal outcome. \u0000Subjects and methods: This prospective observational study was conducted on 126 mothers and their neonates fulfilling the selection criteria at Al-Tibri Medical College and Hospital. A self-designed Performa was used to enter data of subjects. Sick neonates were referred to neonatal intensive care unit for admission and management. The results were analyzed by using SPSS version 22. A p-values <0.05 was considered as significant. \u0000Results: Out of 126 enrolled subjects, 81% mothers were multigravidas, 31% were unbooked, 13.5% had gestational comorbidities, 15% were drug addict, 2% were Hepatitis B positive. 22.2% underwent emergency LSCS while 31.7% delivered babies by elective LSCS. Regarding fetal factors contributing to sick babies, IUGR (20%), twin fetuses (15.4%), prematurity (47.7%) were significant. 65 were sick babies. Adverse neonatal outcomes observed were prematurity in 25.4%, IUGR in 11.1%, NICU admission in 33.3%, and neonatal death in 2%. Risk factors associated with adverse neonatal outcomes were positive maternal drug addiction (p-value = 0.028), preterm delivery (p-value<0.001), NICU admission (p-value<0.001) and low birth weight (p-value <0.001). \u0000Conclusion: Compromised maternal antenatal care has profound deleterious effect on fetus and neonate. Obstetricians, perinatologists and neonatologists need to work in concord to improve maternal antenatal care hence improving neonatal outcome. In our study adverse neonatal outcome was associated with unbooked cases, delivery by EmLSCS, addicted mother, preterm delivery, LBW and neonates requiring NICU admission.","PeriodicalId":349972,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fatima Jinnah Medical University","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122749810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neonatal outcomes of birth asphyxia in tertiary care hospital of low-income country","authors":"M. Siddiqui, S. Masood, T. Butt, Shahla Tariq","doi":"10.37018/unkh2664","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37018/unkh2664","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Pakistan has highest neonatal mortality in the region and birth asphyxia is one of the main preventable contributors to this. Objective of this study is to determine the frequency of different neonatal outcomes in neonates with birth asphyxia. \u0000Subjects & Methods: It was descriptive case series study conducted in Department of Pediatrics Medicine, Services Hospital, Lahore in 6 months period during 6th Dec 2016 to 5th June 2017. 150 cases were included using non probability, consecutive sampling with 95% confidence level, 6% margin of error taking an expected percentage of neonate mortality as 15%. Data was analyzed with SPSS version 23. Categorical variables i.e., gender and neonatal outcomes in terms of neonatal mortality, discharge and neurological complications were expressed by frequency and percentage. Post stratification chi square test was applied. A p-value of <0.05 was taken as significant. \u0000Results: The mean age of neonates was 3.09±0.8 hours. Outcomes of these neonates was seen in terms of mortality, discharge and neurological problems. Out of total 150 patients, 51 (34%) neonates expired and 99 (66%) neonates were survived. And neonates 69 (46%) neonates were diagnosed with neurological complications. \u0000Conclusion: We found, birth asphyxia has significant association with neonatal mortality and neurological complications. Prevention of birth asphyxia with appropriate resuscitation at birth may be helpful in reduction of morbidity and mortality due to birth asphyxia.Neonates","PeriodicalId":349972,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fatima Jinnah Medical University","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121017063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Screening of thyroid disorders in age and gender groups in a teaching hospital of Nowshera","authors":"Hamzulla Khan, Fawad J Khan, Z. Khan, Naseer Ahmed, W. Khan","doi":"10.37018/bhob1556","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37018/bhob1556","url":null,"abstract":" Background: In Pakistan 28.7% of the population had some degree of goiter. Out of those 40% of the nodules behaved hyperthyroidism based on the lower-than-normal values of thyroid stimulating hormones (TSH). Present study was designed as to determine the screening of thyroid disorders on the basis Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) in age and gender groups in a hospital-based study. \u0000Patients and methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Qazi Hussain Ahmed Medical Complex Nowshera from March 2019 to Jan 2020. Total 392 cases, 167 (42.6%) males and 225 (57.4%) females were included. All patients referred to pathology laboratory for measurement of TSH levels irrespective of age and gender were included to measure incidence of hyper, hypo or euthyroid status. Exclusion criteria were patients taking medications or iodine supplementation. Numerical variables like age and TSH values were presented with Mean with SD, Median and range. Inferential statistics and correlation statistics (chi-Square, ANOVA, Mann-Whitney U test and Spearman correlation) were used to determine the difference of TSH values in gender and age groups. \u0000Results: Mean age of the patients was 31+8.1 years. Mean TSH was 5.22+16.5 ng/ml. The difference of TSH values in the age categories using one way ANOVA statistics was insignificant (p = 0.15). Mann Whitney U Test confirmed that the distribution of TSH is the same across the categories of gender (p=0.001). Total 55 (14%) patients were hyperthyroid, and 23 (5.9%) mild hypothyroid and 30 (7.7%) hypothyroid. Chi square test showed the relation of gender with hypo and hyperthyroidism as statistically isignificant ( p= 0.18, p=0.8) respectively. Spearman ranked correlation test showed a mild to moderate inverse correlation of hypothyroidism with increase in age categories (p=0.88, r=-0.47) and a moderate uphill correlation of hyperthyroidism with increase in age categories, again statistically insignificant (p= 0.31, r=0.51). \u0000Conclusion: We observed a skewed distribution of TSH in our population. On the basis of the TSH values the thyroid disorders were categorized in hyper and hypothyroidism. There was a negative correlation of Hypothyroidsim (TSH<0.4) with age. While a positive correlation of age was noted with hyperthyroidism. While no significant relationship of hyper or hypothyroidism was noted in gender groups.","PeriodicalId":349972,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fatima Jinnah Medical University","volume":"87 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130445374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of anti dsDNA antibodies titer with non-renal manifestations of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index (SLEDAI)","authors":"Sadaf Andleeb, T. Mahmud, Aflak Rasheed, Muhammad Shahid Mehmood, I. Gull, M. Ahmed, Mufazzal-e-Haque Mahmud","doi":"10.37018/gpgq6331","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37018/gpgq6331","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Early diagnosis and effective treatment in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) has very crucial role. Anti dsDNA is very important diagnostic tool and activity marker in SLE. This study aimed to determine the association of anti dsDNA antibodies titer with non-renal manifestations of systemic lupus erythematosus and systemic lupus erythematosus disease activity index (SLEDAI). \u0000Patients and methods: It was a cross-sectional study and was carried out at Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Tertiary Care Hospital, Lahore from Feb 2021 to May 2021. The study involved 69 male and female patients satisfying the systemic lupus international collaborating clinics (SLICC) classification criteria. Questions regarding different symptoms were asked and disease activity parameters were noted excluding renal parameters. Anti-dsDNA titers were measured from standard laboratory using immunofluorescence technique and were correlated with SLEDAI score. A written informed consent was obtained from every patient. \u0000Results: The mean age of the patients was 30.7±10.2 years while the mean duration of disease 1.94±2.65 years. We observed a female predominance among these patients with male to female ratio of 1:7.6. There were fifty-four (78.3%) patients with active disease. The mean anti-dsDNA levels were significantly higher in patients with active disease (315.73±481.68 vs. 78.46±113.64 IU/mL; p-value=0.003). There was a significantly strong positive correlation between anti-dsDNA levels and SLEDAI score (r=0.358; p-value=0.006). When compared, significant difference was observed in mean anti-dsDNA titers in patients with chronic cutaneous manifestations (p-value=0.040), lymphopenia (p-value= 0.012), pleurisy/pericarditis (p-value= 0.024) and leukopenia <3000/mm3 (p-value= 0.001). \u0000Conclusion: Anti-dsDNA antibodies titers are remarkably increased in patients with non-renal manifestations of systemic lupus erythematosus particularly with chronic cutaneous manifestations and leukopenia and positively correlate with disease activity status and SLEDAI score.","PeriodicalId":349972,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fatima Jinnah Medical University","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127868401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}