Journal of Water Resources Research最新文献_第6页

黄河中游重点支流基流变化研究 Analysis on Base Flow Changes of Key Tributary in the Middle Reaches of the Yellow River 黄河中游关键支流基流变化分析

Journal of Water Resources Research Pub Date : 2017-06-15 DOI: 10.12677/JWRR.2017.64046

田水利, 周鸿文, 吕文星, 张灿

{"title":"黄河中游重点支流基流变化研究 Analysis on Base Flow Changes of Key Tributary in the Middle Reaches of the Yellow River","authors":"田水利, 周鸿文, 吕文星, 张灿","doi":"10.12677/JWRR.2017.64046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12677/JWRR.2017.64046","url":null,"abstract":"利用黄河中游河龙间5条入黄一级支流水文站自有观测纪录以来至2010年日径流资料，采用逐日平均流量过程线进行了基流切割，研究了五支流基流变化趋势。结果表明，五支流基流和地表径流均呈减少趋势，呈现出1980年前、1981~1998年、1999~2010年三个相对平稳的时段，第一时段和第三时段基流减少与径流减少的比值从高到低依次为：秃尾河57.8%、佳芦河37.2%、窟野河32.0%、孤山川20.3%、皇甫川15.2%，由北向南、由东向西，在河川径流减少量中，地下水补给减少的比重升高。在此基础上探讨了地形地貌、地质构造、气象水文和人类活动等因素对河川基流的影响，认为区域生产建设用水和地下水开采等人为因素是区域河川基流趋势性变化的主要控制因素。 Based on the daily runoff data records from the dawn of observation records to 2010 from hydrological station of five tributaries in the middle reaches of the Yellow River, the average daily flow process line was used for cutting base flow and the base flow variation trend of the five tributaries was studied. The results show that the base flow and surface runoff of the five tributaries have a trend of decrease, which demon-strates three relatively stable time frame (before1980, 1981-1998 and 1999-2010). The ratios of base flow reduction to runoff reduction from high to low are 57.8%, 32.0%, 20.3% and 15.2% for Tuwei, Jialu, Kuye, Gushanand Huangfu rivers, respectively. From north to south and from east to west, in the reduction of runoff, the proportion of groundwater recharge is decreased. On this basis, the influence factors such as landform, geological structure, hydrological and meteorological and human activities on river base flow are discussed. The artificial factors such as water used by production and construction and exploitation of groundwater are the main control factors on the changes of regional river base flow trend.","PeriodicalId":349946,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Water Resources Research","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127844775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Study of Critical Sediment Discharge under Equilibrium between Scouring and Deposition in the Lower Reaches of the Yellow River 黄河下游冲淤平衡下的临界输沙量研究

Journal of Water Resources Research Pub Date : 2017-06-15 DOI: 10.12677/JWRR.2017.64047

张世杰

{"title":"Study of Critical Sediment Discharge under Equilibrium between Scouring and Deposition in the Lower Reaches of the Yellow River","authors":"张世杰","doi":"10.12677/JWRR.2017.64047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12677/JWRR.2017.64047","url":null,"abstract":"本文分析了三门峡水库和小浪底水库不同运用时期黄河下游冲淤特征，在总结分析前人有关黄河下游冲淤平衡时的不同含沙量的临界流量成果的基础上，利用花园口、高村水文站逐日水沙资料，通过年径流量大小划分不同水文年，选择不同水文年典型代表年分别为平水年(1976~1978年)、丰水年(1982~1985年)和枯水年(1986~1988年)，利用总结的估算方法，推算出不同水文年黄河下游水沙冲淤平衡的临界输沙量为平水年6.54亿t、丰水年8.83亿t和枯水年3.95亿t，平均值为6.44亿t。研究结果可为黄河下游河道治理提供科学依据。 The characteristics of scour and deposition of Sanmenxia reservoir and Xiaolangdi reservoir different application period in the lower reaches were analyzed. Based on previous researches on critical flow of different sediment concentration under equilibrium between scouring and deposition in the lower reaches of the Yellow River, using daily flow of Huayuankou and Gaocun hydrologic station, different hydrological years are divided by annual runoff; the typical representative years of different hydrological years are normal water year (from 1976 to 1978), wet water year (from 1982 to 1985) and dry year (from 1986 to 1988). The critical sediment discharges of different hydrologic years were calculated using a summary of the estimation methods. The lower reaches of Yellow River is in equilibrium between scouring and deposition, which is 6.54 × 108 t, 8.83 × 108 t and 3.95 × 108 t in normal year, wet year and dry year respectively, with an average of 6.44 × 108 t. It provides scientific basis for the lower reaches regulation of the Yellow River.","PeriodicalId":349946,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Water Resources Research","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125564705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

提高黄河水资源利用效益的途径 The Way of Enhancing Effectiveness for Utilization Water Resources on the Yellow River 提高黄河水资源利用效益的途径 The Way of Enhancing Effectiveness for Utilization Water Resources on the Yellow River

Journal of Water Resources Research Pub Date : 2017-06-15 DOI: 10.12677/JWRR.2017.64045

彭瑞善

{"title":"提高黄河水资源利用效益的途径 The Way of Enhancing Effectiveness for Utilization Water Resources on the Yellow River","authors":"彭瑞善","doi":"10.12677/JWRR.2017.64045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12677/JWRR.2017.64045","url":null,"abstract":"对于有水电资源可开发的河流，应尽力先在河流上中游灌区推广节水灌溉技术，因为那里地势高，水体具有较大的势能，节约的水不但可增大其下游长河段的基流，而且可增加梯级电站的发电量和保证出力。黄河流域位于华北干旱缺水地区，水量主要来自兰州以上，水能资源主要集中在上中游多石峡至青铜峡、河口镇(头道拐)至禹门口和潼关至西霞院3个峡谷河段。干流已建成30座水电站。取用黄河水量最多的项目为农田灌溉，农田灌溉用水最多的河段为上游兰州至河口镇干旱地区和下游花园口以下华北平原。为了充分利用黄河的水资源，应在上游干旱地区大力推广节水灌溉技术，其节约的水量先通过梯级电站发电后，再流入花园口以下河段。既增大了下游河道的基流，有利于取水，航运、生态环境等，又可增加梯级电站的发电量和保证出力，从而提高黄河水资源的综合利用效益。 For the river with a hydropower potential, it is highly recommended to promote water saving irrigation strategy in the upper stream and midstream, where the water has a higher topography and greater potential energy. The water saved will not only increase the stream base flow in the long lower reaches, but also increase both energy output and firm power of the cascade hydropower stations. The Yellow River basin is located in arid areas of North China, and the water mainly comes from the upper course of Lanzhou. The hydraulic power resources of the river are mainly located in the upper and middle reaches, along the 3 gorge segments from Duoshixia to Qingtongxia, Hekouzhen (Toudaoguai) to Yumenkou, and Tongguan to Xixiayuan, where 30 hydroelectric power plants have been constructed. The use of Yellow River water has contributed mostly to farmland irrigation, that occurs largely in the segment from Lanzhou to Hekouzhen arid area in the upper reach, and the North China Plain downstream of Huayuankou. In order to make full use of water resources in the Yellow River, the water saving irrigation strategy needs to be widely implemented in upper reach arid areas. The saved water, after running through the cascade hydropower stations to generate more electric powers, flows into the lower reach of the Yellow River. This will not only increase the base flow in the lower reach to benefit water usage, shipping, and the ecological environment etc., but also increase both energy output and firm power of the cascade hydropower stations for a more effective utilization of water resources in the Yellow River.","PeriodicalId":349946,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Water Resources Research","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133690959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Spatial Contribution and Cause Analysis for Runoff Decreasing in the Upstream of Yangtze River 长江上游径流减少的空间贡献及原因分析

Journal of Water Resources Research Pub Date : 2017-06-15 DOI: 10.12677/jwrr.2017.64037

郭海晋

{"title":"Spatial Contribution and Cause Analysis for Runoff Decreasing in the Upstream of Yangtze River","authors":"郭海晋","doi":"10.12677/jwrr.2017.64037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12677/jwrr.2017.64037","url":null,"abstract":"20世纪90年代以来，长江上游来水持续偏枯，影响到长江上游水库群综合利用效益的发挥以及长江流域水资源的合理配置。本研究将长江上游分为金沙江、岷沱江、嘉陵江、乌江、长上干区间五个水系分区分别进行年径流量偏枯程度统计，分析不同分区对长江上游年径流量偏枯的贡献度，并从降雨变化和人类活动两方面对径流偏枯进行了成因分析。结果表明：(1) 1991~2015长江上游径流量偏枯贡献最大的是嘉陵江水系和长江上游干流；(2) 偏枯的主要原因是降水量偏少，其次是流域耗水量增加、上游水库拦蓄与水库库面蒸发增损。 The upper reaches of the Yangtze River has continued to be dry years since 1990s, which will affect the comprehensive benefits of reservoirs and water resources allocation in the Yangtze River basin. In this study, the upper reaches of the Yangtze River were divided into five watersheds, i.e., Jinsha River, Mintuo River, Jialing River, Wu River and the mainstream watershed from Yibin to Yichang cities. The contribution rate of different watershed to the runoff in the upstream of the Yangtze River was analyzed. Two aspects including rainfall and human activities that may induce the runoff decreasing were discussed. The results show that: (1) Jialing River and the mainstream watersheds are the two major contributors to the runoff decreasing for the whole upper Yangtze River during the period of 1991-2015; (2) the main reason for the dryness of the upper reaches of Yangtze River is precipitation reduction, follow by the increase of water consumption, water storage loss and evaporation augment by the reservoirs.","PeriodicalId":349946,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Water Resources Research","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114227754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Joint Operation of Cascade Reservoir in the Upper Hanjiang River 汉江上游梯级水库联合调度

Journal of Water Resources Research Pub Date : 2017-06-15 DOI: 10.12677/JWRR.2017.64041

杨旺旺

{"title":"Joint Operation of Cascade Reservoir in the Upper Hanjiang River","authors":"杨旺旺","doi":"10.12677/JWRR.2017.64041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12677/JWRR.2017.64041","url":null,"abstract":"汉江上游缺乏梯级水库联合调控中心，各水库单独调度运行，导致梯级水能资源利用率较低。引汉济渭黄金峡、三河口水电站正在建设，新形势下汉江上游梯级调度中心位置的论证已迫在眉睫。本文采用大系统分解协调理论对汉江上游梯级水库联合调度进行了研究。结果表明：引汉济渭调水后，各梯级电站均获得了较大补偿效益，梯调中心由安康水库转移至三河口水库。研究成果对于汉江上游梯级水库联合调度运行、提高水资源综合利用效率具有重要的理论意义和应用价值。 The reservoirs located in the upper Hanjiang River lack a cascade hydropower station joint control center, which are operated separately, leading to the lower water resources utilization efficiency. The Huangjinxia and Sanhekou hydropower stations are constructing; the argument on cascade reservoir operation center of the upper Hanjiang River is urgent. In this paper, the cascade reservoirs in the upper Hanjiang River are studied by large system decomposition and coordination theory. The results show that each cascade hydropower station has received better compensation benefits, and the cascade control center from the Ankang reservoir should be transferred to the Sanhekou reservoir, owing to the water diversion from the Han to the Wei River. The research has an important theoretical significance and application value for the joint operation of cascade reservoirs in the upper Hanjiang River as well as the improvement of the comprehensive utilization efficiency of water resources.","PeriodicalId":349946,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Water Resources Research","volume":"06 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131051011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Hydrodynamic Characteristics of Tributary River Estuary under TGR Water Inpouring and Drainage Conditions 三峡水库输排水条件下支流河口水动力特性研究

Journal of Water Resources Research Pub Date : 2017-06-15 DOI: 10.12677/JWRR.2017.64043

龙明梅

{"title":"Hydrodynamic Characteristics of Tributary River Estuary under TGR Water Inpouring and Drainage Conditions","authors":"龙明梅","doi":"10.12677/JWRR.2017.64043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12677/JWRR.2017.64043","url":null,"abstract":"随着三峡水库的周期性运行，库区支流河口水动力特性发生相应变化，水体稀释自净能力减弱，水环境容量降低，进而影响支流水质和库区饮用水安全。研究三峡工程蓄、放条件下支流河口的水动力特性，提出改善水动力条件的有效措施，对于改善库区支流水质状况、保证供水安全具有重要作用。本文选择三峡库区一条支流-御临河为研究对象，模拟其河口在蓄、放周期内的水动力特性变化，分析了水动力学演变规律。研究结果表明，在蓄水期，河口表层的平均速率为0.026 m/s，底层的平均速率为0.027 m/s，整体流速较慢，影响污染物扩散，需加强面源的控制，防止营养物质蓄积导致次年气温升高产生水华现象；在放水期，河口表层的平均速率为0.21 m/s，底层的平均速率为0.034 m/s，虽然表层流速较大，但底层流速与蓄水期相差不大，有可能导致营养盐、重金属在底层蓄积。 As Three Gorges Reservoir changes seasonally, hydrodynamic characteristics of tributary estuaries around vary correspondingly. Water dilution and self-purification ability faded, water environmental capacity declined, and then it influences the water quality of tributary and the safety of drinking water around reservoir area. Studying hydrodynamic characteristics under the condition of impoundment and drainage in tributary estuaries, and proposing effective measures for improving hydrodynamic condition have a significant effect on improving the tributaries’ water quality in reservoir area and guaranteeing the safety of water supplies. Yulin River, a tributary of Three Gorges Reservoir, was chosen as a studying object, simulating estuaries’ variation of hydrodynamic characteristics during its impoundment and drainage period, furthermore analyzing evolution law of hydrodynamics. The results indicated that during the period of impoundment, the average velocity of the estuary surface was 0.026 m/s; the average velocity of the estuary bottom was 0.027 m/s. The bulk velocity was slow, influencing the diffusion of waste, which strongly needs intensive control on surface source and preventing harmful algae blooming due to risen temperature by storage of nutriment. During the period of drainage, the average velocity of the estuary surface was 0.21 m/s, however, the average velocity of the estuary bottom was 0.034 m/s. Although it possessed high surface velocity, there were no much differences in bottom velocity between impoundment period and drainage period, resulting in accumulation of nutritive salt and heavy mental in the bottom.","PeriodicalId":349946,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Water Resources Research","volume":"34 2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116594390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

浅析内陆水体边界测量中现行测绘标准的合理应用 Reasonable Application of Existing Mapping Standards in Inland Water Boundary Measurement 浅析内陆水体边界测量中现行测绘标准的合理应用 Reasonable Application of Existing Mapping Standards in Inland Water Boundary Measurement

Journal of Water Resources Research Pub Date : 2017-06-15 DOI: 10.12677/JWRR.2017.64039

周儒夫, 周建红

{"title":"浅析内陆水体边界测量中现行测绘标准的合理应用 Reasonable Application of Existing Mapping Standards in Inland Water Boundary Measurement","authors":"周儒夫, 周建红","doi":"10.12677/JWRR.2017.64039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12677/JWRR.2017.64039","url":null,"abstract":"由于内陆水体边界测量内容繁杂，适用技术标准较多，同一测量项目，不同技术人员设计，技术方案与技术要求可能差别很大，给测绘成果质量带来不利影响。本文通过对内陆水体边界测量中不同规范同类技术指标的对比分析，阐述了引用测绘标准及测量方法应与测区客观条件、现有技术手段及顾客需求等方面有机结合，提出了等精度观测等改进措施，并在三峡工程坝下游荆江河段及偏远山区水电工程水文泥沙观测项目中得到成功应用。 Because of the complexity of the boundary measurement of inland water body, the application of its technical standards is numerous, even if the same measurement project, different technical personnel design, the difference between technical scheme and technical requirements may be large, which will bring adverse impact to the quality of surveying and mapping results. Through the comparative analysis of the similar technical indicators in the boundary survey of inland water, this paper expounds the reference surveying and mapping standards and the use of measurement method, should be with the survey area objective conditions, existing technical means and customer needs, and other organic integration, and puts forward the improvement measures such as accuracy observation, has been successfully applied in the Jingjiang river reach of the three Gorges project and remote mountainous hydropower development river channel survey project.","PeriodicalId":349946,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Water Resources Research","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132016900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

农田灌溉水有效利用系数测算和主要作物需水量试验方案设计与实施 Design and Implementation of Irrigation Water Effective Utilization Coefficient and Major Crop Water Requirement 农田灌溉水有效利用系数测算和主要作物需水量试验方案设计与实施 Design and Implementation of Irrigation Water Effective Utilization Coefficient and Major Crop Water Requirement

Journal of Water Resources Research Pub Date : 2017-06-15 DOI: 10.12677/JWRR.2017.64048

徐学飞, 胡学祥

{"title":"农田灌溉水有效利用系数测算和主要作物需水量试验方案设计与实施 Design and Implementation of Irrigation Water Effective Utilization Coefficient and Major Crop Water Requirement","authors":"徐学飞, 胡学祥","doi":"10.12677/JWRR.2017.64048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12677/JWRR.2017.64048","url":null,"abstract":"开展农田灌溉水有效利用系数测算和主要作物需水量试验工作，是贯彻落实最严格水资源管理制度的实际需要，也是灌溉系统规划、农村水利工程设计的迫切要求。本文以普洱市为例，依据《灌溉水利用率测定技术导则》和《灌溉试验规范》的相关技术规定，收集了全市灌区资料并选址查勘，选定了样点灌区和典型田块，制定了合理可行的农田灌溉水有效利用系数测算和主要作物需水量试验实施方案。同时，项目的实施将填补普洱市农田灌溉水有效利用系数和主要作物需水量的空白，为推动农业节水管理提供科学依据，对提高普洱市农田灌溉用水效率、促进全市高原特色现代化农业发展具有重要意义。本项目的实施以期望为类似工程的设计与实施提供一些有益的参考。 The calculation of irrigation water effective use efficiency and main crop water demand are the practical needs of the implementation of the most stringent water resources management system. It is also an urgent requirement for irrigation system planning and rural water conservancy project designing. Based on the “irrigation water utilization technology guidelines” and “irrigation test specifications”, the relevant technical requirements, the city’s irrigation data and site were collected and surveyed; sample irrigation and typical plots were also selected. The effective calculation of the effective utilization coefficient of irrigation water and the implementation plan of the main crop water demand test were conducted. At the same time, the implementation of the project will fill the effective utilization coefficient of irrigation water and the main crop water demand in the Pu’er City, and provide scientific basis for promoting agricultural water saving management to improve the efficiency of irrigation water significance. The implementation of this project is expected to provide some useful reference for the design and implementation of similar projects.","PeriodicalId":349946,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Water Resources Research","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115347716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Runoff Yield and Conflux Model Based on Horton Infiltration Capacity Curve 基于Horton入渗能力曲线的径流产流与汇流模型

Journal of Water Resources Research Pub Date : 2017-06-15 DOI: 10.12677/JWRR.2017.64038

金双彦

{"title":"Runoff Yield and Conflux Model Based on Horton Infiltration Capacity Curve","authors":"金双彦","doi":"10.12677/JWRR.2017.64038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12677/JWRR.2017.64038","url":null,"abstract":"选择黄河中游山陕区间右岸的一级支流佳芦河为研究对象，采用入黄水文站申家湾1978~2014年的洪水资料，以霍顿下渗能力曲线为基础，结合ArcGIS，分析下渗能力，建立产汇流模型，并进行历史典型洪水模拟。用流域实测降雨量、径流量及前期影响雨量等资料，分析佳芦河下渗能力，建立f~W0~Ft关系，计算出佳芦河流域稳定下渗率为3.1 mm/h。产汇流模块由蒸散发、产流、坡面汇流和河道汇流共四部分组成，分别采用瞬时单位线法和马斯京根法研究坡面汇流和河道汇流，求出产汇流参数。用率定的产汇流参数对典型洪水进行模拟，模拟效果较好，平均洪峰相对误差约为8.3%，洪峰误差均在预报允许范围之内，平均峰现误差约为0.05小时，平均确定性系数为0.77。 Flood data from 1978 to 2014 at Shenjiawan hydrology station, Jialuhe basin located in the Shanxi-Shaanxi Region of the middle Yellow River, are selected in this study. Based on the Horton infiltration capacity curve and ArcGIS, the stable infiltration rate is calculated, and the runoff yield and conflux model is established to simulate history floods. The observed rainfall, runoff and antecedent precipitation are used to analyze the infiltration capacity, and the stable infiltration rate is 3.1 mm/h through the relation of f~W0~Ft. The watershed runoff yield and conflux model is composed of four parts, among which, the overland flow module adopts instantaneous unit method and the river flow module adopts Muskingum flow algorithm. The history flood simulation results are good: the average error of peak time is about 0.05 hour; the error of peak discharge is in the forecasting allowable range, and the deterministic coefficient is 0.77.","PeriodicalId":349946,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Water Resources Research","volume":"313 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"113997952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

地表水资源开发利用多目标协调工程实践与思考 Practice and Thinking on Multi-Objective Coordination Engineering of Surface Water Resources Development and Utilization 地表水资源开发利用多目标协调工程实践与思考 Practice and Thinking on Multi-Objective Coordination Engineering of Surface Water Resources Development and Utilization

Journal of Water Resources Research Pub Date : 2017-05-16 DOI: 10.12677/JWRR.2017.63035

刘德波, 刘佳明

{"title":"地表水资源开发利用多目标协调工程实践与思考 Practice and Thinking on Multi-Objective Coordination Engineering of Surface Water Resources Development and Utilization","authors":"刘德波, 刘佳明","doi":"10.12677/JWRR.2017.63035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12677/JWRR.2017.63035","url":null,"abstract":"在水资源紧缺地区，对地表水开发利用需要平衡水源水量分布和各项用水的关系，全面协调发展、环境保护的要求，在考虑其他用水需求的同时，应综合分析确定不同时段河道生态基流。相应的工程规划、设计需在水资源节约保护的前提下，考虑各类用水过程、要求保证率不同等特点，拟定相应的运行方式，合理分析计算各类供水量及可靠性。对综合利用的调蓄水库、河道引水工程等，采用多目标长系列动态调节方法，通过对特征水位、引水能力等有关参数多方案比较，合理确定供水指标。从实现水资源合理开发、有效利用的角度出发，优选相对经济合理的工程方案，更好地满足生活、生产及生态环境用水。 In areas with scarce water resources, we need to balance the relationship between the distribution of water sources and the various use of water when exploiting and using the surface water resources, and develop the demand of environmental requirements comprehensive and balanced. While taking into other water demands, comprehensive analysis should be used to determine ecological river basic flow during different time periods. The corresponding project planning and designing should be made under the premise of conservation of water resources and consider the characteristics of various water use processes and the requirement of guarantee rate. The relevant operation mode, water supply quantity and reliability are analyzed and calculated. For regulating reservoir of comprehensive utilization, river diversion works etc. adopt the multi-objective long series dynamic adjustment method, through compare related parameters about characteristics water level, diversion ability and so on and make sure water supply targets reasonably. Based on water resources rational development and effective use, we optimize the relative economic reasonable engineering plan to meet the water need in living, production, and eco-environment better.","PeriodicalId":349946,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Water Resources Research","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124104049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0