{"title":"SMEs and Portals","authors":"R. Craig","doi":"10.4018/978-1-59140-989-2.CH154","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-59140-989-2.CH154","url":null,"abstract":"This article looks at portals from the perspective of smalland medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), and those concerned with the success of these firms. First, the importance of SMEs is discussed. Both governments and private firms want SMEs to succeed, and portals can assist. Following this is a discussion of portals and SMEs. How are portals used? Have there been successes and/or failures? Lessons are drawn from this section. The article ends with references and a list of terms.","PeriodicalId":349521,"journal":{"name":"Encyclopedia of Portal Technologies and Applications","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128494991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Models and Technologies for Adaptive Web Portals","authors":"L. Gallucci, M. Cannataro","doi":"10.4018/978-1-59140-989-2.CH103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-59140-989-2.CH103","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":349521,"journal":{"name":"Encyclopedia of Portal Technologies and Applications","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125674671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Intelligent-Agent-Supported Enterprise Information Portal","authors":"Z. Tang, K. Bagchi","doi":"10.4018/978-1-59140-989-2.CH084","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-59140-989-2.CH084","url":null,"abstract":"Enterprises in today’s highly competitive environment must cope with mountainous information. At the same time, they must act quickly to make timely business decisions. Providing the right information at the right time has been a challenge for information technology professionals. Wells, Sheina, and Harris-Jones (2000) found that in the average company in the United States, 80% of information is kept on individual personal computers, and less than five percent of employee knowledge is captured and made available in enterprise systems. Various systems, such as management information systems, enterprise resource planning, and knowledge management systems have been used to support the information needs of organizations. In recent years, enterprise information portal (EIP) have been developed to provides an effective platform for knowledge workers in organizations to find, manage, use, and share previous disparate information. An EIP gives the user a single point of access to data, information, and knowledge across the entire enterprise, thus holding the promise of increasing the competitiveness of the organization (Mitchell, 2005; Schroeder, 2000). Aneja et al. (2000) proposed a generic framework for an enterprise portal that aimed at taming content chaos on corporate intranets. Raol, Koong, Liu, and Yu (2002) developed a simplified model that is used for classifying enterprise portal features and functions. In most EIPs, the key functions and features include interface, content management, search, collaboration, personalization, security, network, administrative tools, and extensibility. Typically, EIPs offer a familiar and easy-to-use Web interface to the users. However, a traditional Web interface lacks the breadth and flexibility desired by end users. Artificial intelligent agents have recently become capable enough to be integrated with enterprise information portals. Those agents can be used to facilitate the effective use of many of the features and functions in EIPs. Various types of intelligent agents, such as interface agents, personal assistant agents, information foraging and filtering agents, collaborative filtering agents, decision support agents, and bargaining and negotiation agents can work separately or collectively to make EIPs more accessible and user friendly. However, there are many theoretic as well as practical issues that must be addressed before intelligent agents should be widely deployed. We must understand the inherent limitations of intelligent agents and be able to assess the benefits and risks associated with using intelligent agents in EIPs. A report published by KPMG in March, 2000, found that 70% of the firms surveyed indicated that they experienced information overload even when enterprise information portals/intranets were used. Apparently, making vast information available is not enough in creating effective enterprise portals. We need to provide a set of intelligent functions to improve the effectiveness of EIP","PeriodicalId":349521,"journal":{"name":"Encyclopedia of Portal Technologies and Applications","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116633801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Semantic Web Portals","authors":"Shouhong Wang, Hai Wang","doi":"10.4018/978-1-59140-989-2.CH148","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-59140-989-2.CH148","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":349521,"journal":{"name":"Encyclopedia of Portal Technologies and Applications","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117256436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Personal Portals","authors":"Neal Shambaugh","doi":"10.4018/9781591409892.ch115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/9781591409892.ch115","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":349521,"journal":{"name":"Encyclopedia of Portal Technologies and Applications","volume":"319 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123465558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"E-Business Standards Setting","authors":"K. Jakobs","doi":"10.4018/978-1-59140-989-2.CH046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-59140-989-2.CH046","url":null,"abstract":"Many industry sectors are facing a number of challenges to the established relations between players (the automotive sector is a particularly prominent case in point; see also Gerst & Jakobs, 2006). To meet the production requirements, standardization of processes, systems, and data are inevitable. A current trend in manufacturing is that OEMs1 attempt to cooperate with fewer suppliers, but on a worldwide scale. The use of ICT2 related technologies, particularly ebusiness systems, facilitates the creation of a network of relationships within a supply chain. Yet, such inter-organizational integration requires interoperability that cannot be achieved without widely agreed standards. But how should standards be set, and who has—or should have—a say in the standardization process? In many cases, an SME3 supplier does business with more than one OEM. In this situation, bi-lateral standardization to improve the cooperation between OEMs and suppliers, and between different suppliers, respectively, is inefficient. Still, this has been the approach of choice in many cases.4 However, possible alternatives are available. In the automotive industry, for example, portals were developed as a form of sector-specific harmonization. Yet, these attempts to develop standardised technology largely failed. This holds particularly for the most prominent example, Covisint. Its failure may be attributed to various technical, organizational, and economic reasons. The main contributing factors, however, included the unequal power distribution during the development process (only the large OEMs had a say; the suppliers were largely left in the cold), and the equally imbalanced distribution of benefits (which mirrored the power distribution). The fact that Covisint was sector-specific probably represented another problem as many suppliers did not only do business within the automotive sector, but with other industries as well (see Gerst et al. (2006) for a far more detailed discussion of this subject). This rather negative example suggests that perhaps yet another alternative approach should be deployed. One straightforward such alternative would be to take these activities to a dedicated standards organization. After all, portal technology relies heavily on underlying e-business standards such the extended markup language (XML), the UDDI registry (universal description, discovery, and integration), the Web services description language (WSDL), SOAP, and many others. Moreover, many of these organizations offer a more level playing field for smaller companies, certainly in theory (see Jakobs (2004) for a perhaps more realistic view).","PeriodicalId":349521,"journal":{"name":"Encyclopedia of Portal Technologies and Applications","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115262611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Setting Up and Developing an Educational Portal","authors":"L. Joia, Elaine Tavares Rodrigues","doi":"10.4018/978-1-59140-989-2.ch151","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-59140-989-2.ch151","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":349521,"journal":{"name":"Encyclopedia of Portal Technologies and Applications","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128725549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"E-Commerce Portals","authors":"Jesse S. Jin","doi":"10.4018/978-1-59140-989-2.CH047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-59140-989-2.CH047","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":349521,"journal":{"name":"Encyclopedia of Portal Technologies and Applications","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129003041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}