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Indian Journal of Labour Economics最新文献

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An Employment Guarantee for the Urban Worker. 城镇职工的就业保障。
IF 1.5
Indian Journal of Labour Economics Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/s41027-020-00267-w
J Krishnamurty
{"title":"An Employment Guarantee for the Urban Worker.","authors":"J Krishnamurty","doi":"10.1007/s41027-020-00267-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s41027-020-00267-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Public attention has focused on the problems of urban migrants returning to rural India due to the Covid-19 crisis. It may be months before the majority of returning migrants, including several different kinds of migrants, go back to urban areas and are absorbed in employment. We know that there is considerable movement of labour between rural and urban areas, some of it long-term and some of it short-term or periodic or circular. This is necessary and is not going to change. There is a case for extending the existing rural employment guarantee to urban India. This works through self-selection and can reach groups not always reached by other, equally important, welfare schemes. Given how little we know about the magnitudes and characteristics of migrant workers, it is desirable to proceed with caution. A pilot project may be started in one or more selected cities, without calling it a guarantee. Based on what we learn from this experience, it can then be extended to the whole of urban India. Components on adult education and training/retraining should be included in the project to improve skills, productivity and worker rights.</p>","PeriodicalId":34915,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Labour Economics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s41027-020-00267-w","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9433420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Growing Precarity, Circular Migration, and the Lockdown in India. 印度日益加剧的不稳定、循环移民和封锁。
IF 1.5
Indian Journal of Labour Economics Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/s41027-020-00260-3
Ravi Srivastava
{"title":"Growing Precarity, Circular Migration, and the Lockdown in India.","authors":"Ravi Srivastava","doi":"10.1007/s41027-020-00260-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s41027-020-00260-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The paper examines the nature of the migrant crisis in India after the country-wide lockdown in March 2020 and brings out the types of labour migrants who were severely adversely affected by the lockdown, leading to their exodus towards their native villages. It further assesses the government's response and proposes some key policy imperatives.</p>","PeriodicalId":34915,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Labour Economics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s41027-020-00260-3","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9802210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 21
Structural Changes and Quality of Women's Labour in India. 印度妇女劳动的结构变化和质量。
IF 1.5
Indian Journal of Labour Economics Pub Date : 2020-01-01 Epub Date: 2020-10-07 DOI: 10.1007/s41027-020-00245-2
S Sundari
{"title":"Structural Changes and Quality of Women's Labour in India.","authors":"S Sundari","doi":"10.1007/s41027-020-00245-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s41027-020-00245-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The primary objective of this paper is to look at the trends and pattern of changes in women's employment structure over years (1983-2018) consequent upon the structural changes in the Indian economy. It also attempts to analyse the quality of women's labour in terms of select parameters. The study finds that there is neither quantitative nor qualitative improvement in women's employment over time on account of structural changes in the economy. There is no 'U' curve of female labour supply in response to GDP growth and expansion of female literacy, implying that economic growth has not generated adequate jobs for women. It also signifies that women's entry or exit of labour market is influenced by non-economic factors also. There is no major occupational diversification in women's employment despite structural shift of the economy from primary to tertiary sector. Agriculture is still the leading sector in women's employment. The study further reveals that the quality of women's labour is poor. Overcrowding of workforce in agriculture largely as wage labourers, lower earnings, poor literacy levels, large-scale informal employment and most self-employment in the form of unpaid work are indications of women's disadvantaged position in the labour market.</p>","PeriodicalId":34915,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Labour Economics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s41027-020-00245-2","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38479862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 19
Labour Migrants During the Pandemic: A Comparative Perspective. 大流行期间的移徙劳工:比较视角。
IF 1.5
Indian Journal of Labour Economics Pub Date : 2020-01-01 Epub Date: 2020-10-19 DOI: 10.1007/s41027-020-00283-w
Arjan de Haan
{"title":"Labour Migrants During the Pandemic: A Comparative Perspective.","authors":"Arjan de Haan","doi":"10.1007/s41027-020-00283-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s41027-020-00283-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The COVID-19 pandemic and the accompanying policies of confinement or lockdown have been amply demonstrated and are possibly reinforcing economic, social and gender inequalities. Because of the nature of the measures that governments took in response to the health crisis, migrants-including the millions of labour migrants in Indian cities-have been placed in a particularly vulnerable situation. This essay provides a comparative and historical perspective of the conditions of migrant workers, arguing that the disadvantages migrants face are entrenched in economic and social structures, unearthed in this pandemic, and that alongside immediate social protection measures, policies need to address the deep-rooted barriers that keep migrants vulnerable.</p>","PeriodicalId":34915,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Labour Economics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s41027-020-00283-w","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38532254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 17
Circular Migration and Precarity: Perspectives from Rural Bihar. 循环移民与不稳定:来自比哈尔邦农村的视角。
IF 1.5
Indian Journal of Labour Economics Pub Date : 2020-01-01 Epub Date: 2020-11-12 DOI: 10.1007/s41027-020-00290-x
Amrita Datta
{"title":"Circular Migration and Precarity: Perspectives from Rural Bihar.","authors":"Amrita Datta","doi":"10.1007/s41027-020-00290-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s41027-020-00290-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Migration and mobilities are vastly underestimated in India. In particular, circular migration remains poorly captured as circular migrants move back and forth between source and destination regions. Based on survey data from rural Bihar, an important source region of migration in India, this paper finds that a vast majority of migrants work and live in precarity in predominantly urban and prosperous destinations across India. However, those at the lowest rungs of the social and economic ladder in source regions-the scheduled castes and scheduled tribes, other backward classes I and the labouring class-are the worst off at destination; they are part of the most precarious shorter-term migration streams, earn the lowest incomes, have the poorest conditions of work, and live in the harshest circumstances. The paper shows that social and economic hierarchies, and in turn, precarity in source region is reproduced at destination, and, thus, there is little evidence that spatial mobility is associated with social mobility. Focusing on migrants' location, work, employment, income, housing, and access to basic services at destination, the paper foregrounds migrant precarity and adds to a small body of empirical literature that is significant in understanding the spatial and structural elements of circular migration in India and in turn, the migration crisis that emerged as a result of the economic shock of the COVID 19 pandemic.</p>","PeriodicalId":34915,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Labour Economics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s41027-020-00290-x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38616858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 9
Revisiting Kerala's Gulf Connection: Half a Century of Emigration, Remittances and Their Macroeconomic Impact, 1972-2020. 回顾喀拉拉邦的海湾联系:半个世纪的移民、汇款及其宏观经济影响，1972-2020。
IF 1.5
Indian Journal of Labour Economics Pub Date : 2020-01-01 Epub Date: 2020-10-19 DOI: 10.1007/s41027-020-00280-z
K P Kannan, K S Hari
{"title":"Revisiting Kerala's Gulf Connection: Half a Century of Emigration, Remittances and Their Macroeconomic Impact, 1972-2020.","authors":"K P Kannan,&nbsp;K S Hari","doi":"10.1007/s41027-020-00280-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s41027-020-00280-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the literature on development studies, the state of Kerala in India is known for its high human and social development despite its low-income status. However, there has been a turnaround in its growth performance and has now come to occupy a high rank in terms of per capita income among Indian States. This has been largely through a high growth performance facilitated by significant remittances from abroad. However, there have not been consistent time-series data on annual remittances. This paper is an attempt to fulfil this gap by estimating foreign remittances to Kerala for a period of 47 years that is close to half a century. Using these data, the paper has presented a Modified State Income for Kerala and calculated its impact on consumption and savings. The significance of the sizeable emigration to the labour market situation has also been highlighted. Given the fact that remittances come as household income confined to a small segment of the total households, the impact of annual remittances on income and consumption inequality has also been highlighted. The results show an increasing trend in inequality. Despite a high growth performance aided by remittances, Kerala has not been able to address its longstanding problem of educated unemployment, especially for its women. In this context, the state's inability to take advantage of the enhanced per capita income to maintain its tax-income ratio, let alone enhance it, assumes great significance as an area of concern.</p>","PeriodicalId":34915,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Labour Economics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s41027-020-00280-z","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38630094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 11
Estimating Earnings Losses of Migrant Workers Due to COVID-19. 估算因COVID-19造成的农民工收入损失。
IF 1.5
Indian Journal of Labour Economics Pub Date : 2020-01-01 Epub Date: 2020-10-21 DOI: 10.1007/s41027-020-00281-y
Manolo I Abella, S K Sasikumar
{"title":"Estimating Earnings Losses of Migrant Workers Due to COVID-19.","authors":"Manolo I Abella,&nbsp;S K Sasikumar","doi":"10.1007/s41027-020-00281-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s41027-020-00281-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>While the wide-ranging impact of COVID-19 on incomes and livelihoods of people around the world will take some time to become known and understood, it is already clear that those who are in manual, mostly low-wage, occupations are among the worst-hit workers. This paper uses data from a sample survey of migrant workers to come up with useful parameters for estimating the potential losses from possible retrenchment of migrant workers due to the pandemic. The paper employs a simple estimation model using parameters derived from data collected from a KNOMAD-ILO survey of low-skilled migrant workers in the India-Saudi Arabia migration corridor, conducted during 2016-2017. An important finding is that the aggregate losses that low-skilled Indian workers in Saudi Arabia are likely to incur due to COVID-19-related retrenchment may be as high as 21% of their expected earnings. Adding recruitment costs can push up their losses to 36% of expected or potential earnings, while the aggregate remittances to their families could drop by USD 2 billion.</p>","PeriodicalId":34915,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Labour Economics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s41027-020-00281-y","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38634652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 7
COVID-19 and State Failure: A Double Whammy for Trade Unions and Labour Rights. COVID-19和国家失败:对工会和劳工权利的双重打击。
IF 1.5
Indian Journal of Labour Economics Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/s41027-020-00263-0
K R Shyam Sundar
{"title":"COVID-19 and State Failure: A Double Whammy for Trade Unions and Labour Rights.","authors":"K R Shyam Sundar","doi":"10.1007/s41027-020-00263-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s41027-020-00263-0","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":34915,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Labour Economics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s41027-020-00263-0","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9426152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Think "Big": Strategizing Post-coronial Revival in India. 从“大”着眼:制定印度后殖民复兴战略。
IF 1.5
Indian Journal of Labour Economics Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/s41027-020-00270-1
Dipankar Gupta
{"title":"Think \"Big\": Strategizing Post-coronial Revival in India.","authors":"Dipankar Gupta","doi":"10.1007/s41027-020-00270-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s41027-020-00270-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The pandemic has severely disrupted the economy, but this is also an opportunity to change direction. The distress one saw on the streets of workers leaving cities for their rural homes obviously signals the preponderance of informal labour, low-skilled jobs and lack of economic security. The need, therefore, is to move away from small-scale industrial production to high-technology units which demand sophisticated enterprise, skills and knowledge. This would mean the abandoning of threshold limitations in the labour laws as well as urging MSMEs to grow in size and become competitive enterprises.</p>","PeriodicalId":34915,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Labour Economics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s41027-020-00270-1","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9433294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Revising the Definition of MSMEs: Who is Likely to Benefit From it? 修订中小微企业定义:谁将从中受益?
IF 1.5
Indian Journal of Labour Economics Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/s41027-020-00266-x
R Nagaraj, Vikash Vaibhav
{"title":"Revising the Definition of MSMEs: Who is Likely to Benefit From it?","authors":"R Nagaraj,&nbsp;Vikash Vaibhav","doi":"10.1007/s41027-020-00266-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s41027-020-00266-x","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":34915,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Labour Economics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s41027-020-00266-x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9488308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
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