Encyclopedia of Aluminum and Its Alloys最新文献_第2页

Texture–Property Relationships in Aluminum Alloys: Simulations and Experiments 铝合金的织构-性能关系:模拟与实验

Encyclopedia of Aluminum and Its Alloys Pub Date : 2018-11-16 DOI: 10.1201/9781351045636-140000443

D. Raabe

引用次数: 0

Encyclopedia of Aluminum and Its Alloys Pub Date : 2018-11-16 DOI: 10.1201/9781351045636-140000233

R. Otero, Patrícia Mariane Kavalco, L. Canale, G. Totten, L. Meekisho

{"title":"Quench Factor Analysis","authors":"R. Otero, Patrícia Mariane Kavalco, L. Canale, G. Totten, L. Meekisho","doi":"10.1201/9781351045636-140000233","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1201/9781351045636-140000233","url":null,"abstract":"One of the steps of the heat treatment process of age-hardenable aluminum alloys is the quenching process in which the alloy is cooled from the solutionizing temperature. The objective is to quench sufficiently fast to avoid undesirable concentration of alloying elements in the defect and grain boundary structure while at the same time not quenching faster than necessary to minimize residual stresses, which may lead to excessive distortion, or cracking. Various studies have been conducted to predict the relative quench rate sensitivity to yield different properties for age-hardenable alloys. Of these different predictive methods, the one that showed the more realistic results is quench factor analysis (QFA) since it involves a correlation of the cooling curve (time–temperature curve) of the cooling process throughout the quenching cycle for the desired cross-section size of interest with a C-curve (Time–Temperature–Property Curve) for the specific alloy of interest. The QFA numerical procedure has evolved since its original introduction. A review of the basic assumptions of the classical QFA model will be provided here, which will include discussion of the various improvements to the classical model that have been proposed over the intervening years since its introduction.","PeriodicalId":348912,"journal":{"name":"Encyclopedia of Aluminum and Its Alloys","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114536937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Microgravity Crystallization for High-Tech Castings 高科技铸件的微重力结晶

Encyclopedia of Aluminum and Its Alloys Pub Date : 2018-11-16 DOI: 10.1201/9781351045636-140000422

H. Tensi

引用次数: 0

Friction Welding of Al2O3P/6061 Aluminum Alloy Composite to 5052 Aluminum Alloy Al2O3P/6061铝合金复合材料与5052铝合金的摩擦焊接

Encyclopedia of Aluminum and Its Alloys Pub Date : 2018-11-16 DOI: 10.1201/9781351045636-140000416

K. Kato, H. Tokisue

{"title":"Friction Welding of Al2O3P/6061 Aluminum Alloy Composite to 5052 Aluminum Alloy","authors":"K. Kato, H. Tokisue","doi":"10.1201/9781351045636-140000416","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1201/9781351045636-140000416","url":null,"abstract":"6061 aluminium alloy matrix composite containing 20.5 vol% particulate alumina and 5052 aluminium alloy were welded using a brake type friction welding machine. The microstructures and mechanical properties of the friction welded joints were investigated. The mechanically mixed regions and the alumina particles which had moved to the other part of the composite alloy were observed clearly on the weld interface. The hardness at the weld interface showed higher values than those of the base metals. The variation of hardness on the composite material side was not very significant, but a softened area could be seen in the heat affected zone of the 5052 aluminium alloy side and recovery to the same level of hardness as that of the 5052 aluminium alloy base metal could be found at about 20 mm from the weld interface. Regardless of the welding conditions, the joint efficiency in terms of tensile strength was 95–101% of that of the composite material base metal and the maximum elongation was 71% of that of the composite material base metal. Friction welded joints with good joint efficiency fractured near the weld interface of the heat affected zone of the composite base metal. The impact values of the welded joints with a notch in the weld interface were about 70% of those of the composite material base metal.","PeriodicalId":348912,"journal":{"name":"Encyclopedia of Aluminum and Its Alloys","volume":"252 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127539290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Precipitation in AA2195 by Atom Probe Tomography and Transmission Electron Microscopy 原子探针层析成像和透射电镜分析AA2195中的析出

Encyclopedia of Aluminum and Its Alloys Pub Date : 2018-11-16 DOI: 10.1201/9781351045636-140000220

M. Khushaim

{"title":"Precipitation in AA2195 by Atom Probe Tomography and Transmission Electron Microscopy","authors":"M. Khushaim","doi":"10.1201/9781351045636-140000220","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1201/9781351045636-140000220","url":null,"abstract":"The transportation industries are constantly striving to achieve minimum weight to cut fuel consumption and improve overall performance. Different innovative design strategies have been placed and directed toward weight saving combined with good mechanical behavior. Among different materials, aluminum-based alloys play a key role in modern engineering and are widely used in construction components because of their lightweight and superior mechanical properties. Introduction of different nanostructure features can improve the service and the physical properties of such alloys. In this study, alloy AA2195 has been selected and characterized by means of transmission electron microscopy and atom probe tomography. Quantitative chemical analyses reveal that applying the rolling deformation on the specimen causes the uniform distribution of different platelet precipitates such as T1(Al2CuLi) and θ′(Al2Cu), which increases the hardening behavior of such alloys. Applying a plastic deformation on such alloys has been highlighted as an important engineering tool for the manipulation with second-phase precipitates in the microstructure. In this study, the findings of the characterization analysis were translated to construct a robust microstructure with an excellent hardness behavior (hardness value of 209 HV) by applying a low-energy consumption, cost-effective method.","PeriodicalId":348912,"journal":{"name":"Encyclopedia of Aluminum and Its Alloys","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128946454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Hall–Petch Relationship in Aluminum and Aluminum Alloys 铝和铝合金中的Hall-Petch关系

Encyclopedia of Aluminum and Its Alloys Pub Date : 2018-11-16 DOI: 10.1201/9781351045636-140000234

R. Armstrong

{"title":"Hall–Petch Relationship in Aluminum and Aluminum Alloys","authors":"R. Armstrong","doi":"10.1201/9781351045636-140000234","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1201/9781351045636-140000234","url":null,"abstract":"The mechanical properties of aluminum are shown to be of special importance beginning from the early 20th-century production of the material in single crystal and polycrystalline form. Experimental and theoretical researches of the time were concerned with particular influence of polycrystalline microstructure and the presence of crystal (grain) boundaries on both the material strength properties and on relation of those same properties to those for the full range of metal and alloy structures. Now it is well established that a relatively low value of the microstructural stress intensity, kε, is obtained for aluminum in the generalized Hall–Petch relation for its stress–strain, σε − ε, behavior depending on the average grain diameter, l, with intercept (friction) stress, σ0ε, which relation is given as:\u0000 id=\"unequ63_1\">σε=σ0ε+kεl−1/2With hindsight, taking σε = σ0ε provided the first connection between single crystal and polycrystalline strength measurements in the pioneering Taylor theory of plasticity proposed for aluminum and other face-centered cubic metals. Later, conventional and ultrafine grain size measurements are shown to verify the fuller H–P dependence. The present account builds onto the early history. A description is given for temperature, strain rate, and alloy-dependent mechanical property measurements. An understanding of the total measurements is described in terms of a dislocation pile-up model description for the relation. Emphasis is given to kε for pure aluminum and related metals being determined by cross-slip forced at grain boundaries. Particular attention is given to two characteristics of the metal mechanical behavior: (1) very high rate loading deformations leading to shock and shock-less isentropic compression experiments and (2) important grain size influences on nanopolycrystalline material behaviors. Additional results are presented on H–P aspects of the material strain ageing, shear banding, ductile fracturing, and fatigue behaviors.","PeriodicalId":348912,"journal":{"name":"Encyclopedia of Aluminum and Its Alloys","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130981298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Grain Refinement of Cast Aluminum by Heterogeneous Nucleation Sites 非均相形核对铸铝晶粒细化的影响

Encyclopedia of Aluminum and Its Alloys Pub Date : 2018-11-16 DOI: 10.1201/9781351045636-140000214

Yoshimi Watanabe, H. Sato

引用次数: 0

Corrosion-Induced Hydrogen Embrittlement in AA2024 AA2024中腐蚀引起的氢脆

Encyclopedia of Aluminum and Its Alloys Pub Date : 2018-11-16 DOI: 10.1201/9781351045636-140000215

G. Haidemenopoulos, H. Kamoutsi

{"title":"Corrosion-Induced Hydrogen Embrittlement in AA2024","authors":"G. Haidemenopoulos, H. Kamoutsi","doi":"10.1201/9781351045636-140000215","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1201/9781351045636-140000215","url":null,"abstract":"Embrittlement of aluminum alloy 2024 caused by corrosion-induced hydrogen evolution and trapping is discussed in this article. The current literature on corrosion mechanisms, hydrogen trapping, and mechanisms of hydrogen embrittlement is briefly reviewed. Accelerated corrosion tests followed by thermal desorption spectroscopy enabled the identification of hydrogen traps in the microstructure of the material. The nature of these traps was identified by controlled experiments involving solution treatments and plastic deformation prior to corrosion, in order to alter the alloy microstructure. The high-temperature trap is related to the S–CuMgAl2 phase. In the absence of this phase, hydrogen is trapped in vacancies, which liberate hydrogen at even higher temperatures. The lower temperature trap is related to dislocations. The hydrogen trapped at dislocations increases with plastic strain up to a certain strain and then decreases. The hydrogen generated by corrosion diffuses in the interior of the material and establishes a hydrogen-affected zone beneath the corrosion layer. Removal of the corrosion layer leads to complete restoration of yield strength but only partial restoration of ductility. Removal of the corrosion layer and heating at a high enough temperature to activate all traps for hydrogen desorption leads to complete restoration of ductility. A mechanism of corrosion-induced hydrogen embrittlement is suggested.","PeriodicalId":348912,"journal":{"name":"Encyclopedia of Aluminum and Its Alloys","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126924173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Optical Microstructures of Aluminum Alloys 铝合金的光学显微结构

Encyclopedia of Aluminum and Its Alloys Pub Date : 2018-11-16 DOI: 10.1201/9781351045636-140000231

S. Murty, Sushant K. Manwatkar, P. Narayanan

引用次数: 0

Anisotropic Yield Criteria for Aluminum Alloy Sheets 铝合金薄板的各向异性屈服准则

Encyclopedia of Aluminum and Its Alloys Pub Date : 2018-11-16 DOI: 10.1201/9781351045636-140000156

D. Banabic, D. Comşa, T. Balan

引用次数: 0