Vascular Investigation and Therapy最新文献

{"title":"Thymopentin promotes ovarian angiogenesis in mice by activating N6-methyladenosine (m6A) RNA modification of key factors in the Notch/Tie1 pathway","authors":"Junjun Tao, Jiajia Lin, X. Nie, William V. Huang, Jianming Guo, Te Liu","doi":"10.4103/VIT.VIT_17_19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/VIT.VIT_17_19","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: BACKGROUND: Premature ovarian failure (POF) is a typical condition of pathological ovarian ageing. Injuries and atrophies of blood vessels in the ovaries can lead to ovarian insufficiency, but the underlying mechanism remains unclear. AIMS: This study investigated the epigenetic mechanism by which thymopentin (TP-5) activated ovarian angiogenesis to achieve its effects on POF. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The qPCR, western blot and immunofluorescence staining were used to detecte the expression levels of gene. The hematoxylin and eosin stainingwas used to histopathological examination. The RNA-Seq sequencing was used to transcriptome detection. RESULTS: First, pathological examination revealed that TP-5 significantly increased ovary weight in the cyclophosphamide-induced POF mouse model. The proportion of atretic follicles was reduced, and the level of E2 in the peripheral blood was elevated. Meanwhile, immunofluorescence staining showed that TP-5 increased protein expression of CD31 and Tie1 in the ovarian tissues of mice with POF, suggesting that TP-5 could induce ovarian angiogenesis. RNA-Seq sequencing results suggested that TP-5 could induce the high level of Notch/Tie2 pathway expression that is associated with angiogenesis in ovarian tissues. qPCR and western blotting showed significantly increased expression of METTL3, a methyltransferase that catalyses the formation of N6-methyladenosine (m6A) in RNA. Meanwhile, the results of the dot blot suggested that the overall RNA methylation level was significantly higher in the ovarian tissues of mice in the TP-5 group than in the control group. Finally, RIP-PCR analysis showed that specific sites in the 3'-untranslated region (3'UTR) of the mRNA of key factors in the Notch/Tie2 pathway were hypermethylated in the ovaries of mice in the TP-5 treatment group. CONCLUSION: Therefore, this study demonstrated that TP-5 exerted its therapeutic effect on POF by stimulating angiogenesis. The mechanism of action is the promotion of the expression of RNA m6A methyltransferases by TP5, which increases the overall RNA m6A methylation level in mouse ovarian tissue. Specifically, the methylation ofspecific m6A sites in the 3'UTR of the RNA of key factors in the Notch/Tie2 pathway increased, which enhanced their stability and expression levels, leading to the induction of angiogenesis.","PeriodicalId":34849,"journal":{"name":"Vascular Investigation and Therapy","volume":"56 1","pages":"63 - 72"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90690008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multiple functions of cold-inducible RNA-binding protein in biological systems","authors":"Gang Li, Peixian Gao, Kun Luo, Hua Zhou, Yuxiang He, Hai Yuan, Xuejun Wu","doi":"10.4103/VIT.VIT_13_19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/VIT.VIT_13_19","url":null,"abstract":"Cold-inducible RNA-binding protein (CIRP) is an 18-kDa nuclear protein belonging to the family of cold-shock proteins. It is widely expressed in various tissues and upregulated in response to various cellular stresses. Originally, CIRP was found to stabilize specific mRNAs to facilitate their translation, which results in a survival advantage for cells under stress. Hypothermia-induced CIRP has been shown to protect the neuronal system. Recently, CIRP was found to be a multifunctional protein. In addition to acting as a damage-associated molecular pattern molecule to promote inflammation, it was also found to affect tumorigenesis. CIRP was also found to regulate telomerase activity and cardiac repolarization. Therefore, biological activities of CIRP in novel systems should receive more attention. This review will provide a brief introduction to the recent studies of CIRP with the aim of inspiring future research of novel CIRP functions.","PeriodicalId":34849,"journal":{"name":"Vascular Investigation and Therapy","volume":"46 1","pages":"73 - 77"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91158116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multiple intraventricular brain metastasis in a case of non-small cell lung carcinoma","authors":"Rashmeet Kaur, Simmi Aggarwal, Sonali Gadhavi, A. Dahuja, Paramdeep Singh","doi":"10.4103/VIT.VIT_14_19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/VIT.VIT_14_19","url":null,"abstract":"Intraventricular metastasis is a rare entity encountered in very few malignancies. Although the renal cell carcinoma is the most common primary causing this rare event, due to overall more incidences of lung carcinomas, the intraventricular metastasis by lung cancer is the most common cause. Our patient was a diagnosed case of non-small cell carcinoma and non-small cell lung cancer. (NSCLC) with an advanced stage of disease at the time of presentation that resulted in a poor prognosis. The most common metastatic site in non-small cell carcinoma is bone, followed by the lungs, brain, liver, and adrenal glands. The treatment for metastatic NSCLC consists of systemic therapy using cytotoxic and molecularly-targeted agents and palliative radiotherapy for symptomatic metastases. Surgical resection or gamma knife can be considered for those with isolated brain metastasis for better prognosis.","PeriodicalId":34849,"journal":{"name":"Vascular Investigation and Therapy","volume":"18 1","pages":"82 - 84"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89926650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Guidelines on the diagnosis and treatment of diabetic foot","authors":"Yongquan Gu","doi":"10.4103/VIT.VIT_15_19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/VIT.VIT_15_19","url":null,"abstract":"Diabetic foot is one of the serious chronic complications caused by diabetes mellitus. The guidelines introduce the fundamental concepts of diabetic foot, distinction between diabetic lower-extremity ischemia and lower-extremity arteriosclerosis with concurrent diabetes mellitus, pathological features of diabetic foot lesions, and the prognosis. This article focuses on the diagnosis and treatment of diabetic foot, including endovascular arterial revascularization of lower extremity, arterial bypass reconstruction, and stem cell transplantation. The selection of therapeutic schemes for the larger, middle, and small artery lesions and the perioperative management are also discussed in detail.","PeriodicalId":34849,"journal":{"name":"Vascular Investigation and Therapy","volume":"10 1","pages":"55 - 62"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81853666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mortality risk stratification in patients with asymptomatic carotid stenosis","authors":"A. Giannopoulos, S. Kakkos, M. Griffin, G. Geroulakos, D. Tsalikakis, A. Nicolaides","doi":"10.4103/VIT.VIT_10_19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/VIT.VIT_10_19","url":null,"abstract":"AIMS: The aim of this analysis was to (a) determine the long-term 5-year all-cause and cardiovascular (CV) mortality in patients with asymptomatic internal carotid artery stenosis (ACS), (b) identify risk factors that could be used in mortality risk stratification, and (c) develop a model for predicting a patient's risk of CV death within 5 years. METHODS: This was a multicenter natural history study involving 1121 patients with ACS undergoing medical intervention alone. Proportional-hazards models were used to calculate all-cause and CV mortality using clinical and plaque texture features. RESULTS: Totally 1121 patients with 50%–99% ICA stenosis (European Carotid Surgery Trial criteria) from the Asymptomatic Carotid Stenosis and Risk of Stroke study were included in this analysis for mortality. Mean follow-up was 48 months (range, 6–96 months). There were 213 (19%) deaths during follow-up. Average annual all-cause mortality was 4.6%. About 68.1% of all deaths were due to CV causes. Independent predictors of all-cause mortality were age, male gender, carotid stenosis >80% (NASCET criteria), diabetes, cardiac failure, left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) on electrocardiogram (ECG), smoking, absence of antiplatelet therapy, and history of vertebrobasilar symptoms. It was also shown that age, male gender, diabetes, fibrinogen >3.6 g/L, carotid stenosis >80% (NASCET criteria), cardiac failure, absence of antiplatelet therapy, and LVH on ECG were independent risk factors for CV mortality. Receiver operating characteristic curves for the above models were 0.709 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.659–0.754) and 0.701 (95% CI, 0.656–0.746), respectively. The CV mortality prediction model could identify several subgroups of asymptomatic patients with different risk. The highest 90%–100% predicted 5-year CV mortality carried 25 times the risk of the low-risk subgroup in which the 5-year predicted CV mortality was 4%. CONCLUSION: Mortality risk can be taken into consideration in clinical practice, in order to identify patients with ACS who are unlikely to benefit from carotid endarterectomy. The majority of patients with ACS have a very high risk of myocardial infarction and should not be denied aggressive risk factor modification or a full cardiac investigation according to the current guidelines.","PeriodicalId":34849,"journal":{"name":"Vascular Investigation and Therapy","volume":"30 1","pages":"25 - 32"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81733454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anterior spinal cord infarction as a complication of bronchial artery embolization in the management of recurrent hemoptysis","authors":"Ramandeep Singh, Siddharth K. Prakash, Paramdeep Singh, Rupinderjeet Kaur, Rubal Rai","doi":"10.4103/VIT.VIT_12_19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/VIT.VIT_12_19","url":null,"abstract":"Bronchial artery embolization (BAE) is an established minimally invasive approach for the treatment of massive or recurrent hemoptysis. There are several minor complications associated with the procedure. A rare complication of the procedure is spinal cord infarction due to embolization of anterior spinal artery. A 48-year-old male patient of old pulmonary tuberculosis presented with fibrocalcified lesions in the right upper lobe on chest X-ray and recurrent hemoptysis. Angiography revealed bleeding from a branch of single right intercostobranchial trunk. The day following the procedure, the patient complained of weakness and pain in lower limbs. Magnetic resonance imaging dorsolumbar spine revealed acute spinal cord infarct from D2 to D5 vertebral levels. This case demonstrates that spinal cord ischemia may occur during BAE, despite all the precautionary measures.","PeriodicalId":34849,"journal":{"name":"Vascular Investigation and Therapy","volume":"2 1","pages":"51 - 53"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86882607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular targets for improving arteriovenous fistula maturation and patency","authors":"Jolanta Gorecka, A. Fereydooni, Luis Gonzalez, Shin-Rong Lee, Shirley Liu, Shun Ono, Jianbiao Xu, Jia Liu, R. Taniguchi, Y. Matsubara, Xixiang Gao, Mingjie Gao, John T. Langford, B. Yatsula, A. Dardik","doi":"10.4103/VIT.VIT_9_19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/VIT.VIT_9_19","url":null,"abstract":"The increasing prevalence of chronic and end-stage renal disease creates an increased need for reliable vascular access; although arteriovenous fistulae (AVF) are the preferred mode of hemodialysis access, 60% fail to mature and only 50% remain patent at 1 year. Fistulae mature by diameter expansion and wall thickening; this outward remodeling of the venous wall in the fistula environment relies on a delicate balance of extracellular matrix remodeling, inflammation, growth factor secretion, and cell adhesion molecule upregulation in the venous wall. AVF failure occurs via two distinct mechanisms with early failure secondary to lack of outward remodeling, that is, insufficient diameter expansion or wall thickening, whereas late failure occurs with excessive wall thickening due to neointimal hyperplasia and insufficient diameter expansion in a previously functional fistula. In recent years, the molecular basis of AVF maturation and failure are becoming understood to develop potential therapeutic targets to aid maturation and prevent access loss. Erythropoietin-producing hepatocellular (Eph) carcinoma receptors, along with their ligands and ephrins, determine vascular identity and are critical for vascular remodeling in the embryo. Manipulation of Eph receptor signaling in adults, as well as downstream pathways, is a potential treatment strategy to improve the rates of AVF maturation and patency. This review examines our current understanding of molecular changes occurring following fistula creation, factors predictive of fistula success, and potential areas of intervention to decrease AVF failure.","PeriodicalId":34849,"journal":{"name":"Vascular Investigation and Therapy","volume":"35 1","pages":"33 - 41"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81271827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Venous circulation and William Harvey: A historical review","authors":"K. Myers","doi":"10.4103/VIT.VIT_11_19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/VIT.VIT_11_19","url":null,"abstract":"Greco–Roman concepts regarding the circulation persisted until the 1600s even though many were incorrect. It was held that blood flows in veins from the liver to the periphery where it is consumed. It was not until the 1500s that anatomists identified venous valves and explored their function. This, in part, allowed William Harvey to describe the circulation as we know it today. This study included review of the literature and translations of William Harvey's books including De Motu Co]rdis which were published in 1628. Harvey's description of the venous circulation started the intense exploration of venous physiology that continues today. The resultant concepts of venous reflux associated with varicose disease have allowed practitioners to develop contemporary management.","PeriodicalId":34849,"journal":{"name":"Vascular Investigation and Therapy","volume":"22 1","pages":"42 - 50"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83226924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevention of recurrent deep-vein thrombosis","authors":"A. Nicolaides","doi":"10.4103/VIT.VIT_8_19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/VIT.VIT_8_19","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this review is to outline recent randomized controlled trials and strategies that have tested various methods that aim to reduce the risk of recurrent venous thromboembolism (VTE) after the completion of anticoagulant therapy. Aspirin reduced VTE recurrence by approximately 30% (hazard ratio [HR], 0.68; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.51–0.90) without any increase in bleeding. Dabigatran was effective in reducing VTE (HR, 0.08; 95% CI, 0.02–0.25) but carried a lower risk of major or nonmajor clinically relevant bleeding than warfarin but a higher risk than placebo: 5.3% in the dabigatran group and 1.8% in the placebo group (HR, 2.92; 95% CI, 1.52–5.60). Rivaroxaban was effective in reducing VTE (HR, 0.18; 95% CI, 0.09–0.39) but carried a higher risk of major or nonmajor clinically relevant bleeding than placebo: 6.0% in the rivaroxaban group and 1.2% in the placebo group (HR, 5.19; 95% CI, 2.3–11.7). Apixaban at either treatment dose (5 mg) or a thromboprophylactic dose (2.5 mg) reduced the risk of recurrent VTE from 8.8% in the placebo group to 1.7% in the apixaban group (Relative risk reduction of 81%) (P < 0.001%) without increasing the rate of major bleeding. Sulodexide reduced the risk of recurrence (HR, 0.49; 95% CI 0.27–0.92), without any increase in bleeding risk. Residual thrombus and elevated D-dimer are markers for increased risk of recurrence. Their presence when combined with other risk factors enables one to stratify patients into high, intermediate, or low risk of recurrence of VTE. Other markers enable one to stratify patients into high, intermediate, and low risk for bleeding. On the basis of the balance of risks for recurrence and bleeding, one can advise patients on the need for secondary prevention and the most suitable medication.","PeriodicalId":34849,"journal":{"name":"Vascular Investigation and Therapy","volume":"28 1","pages":"19 - 23"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81679934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ultrasound-guided transbrachial arterial access: A safe approach for hemodialysis arteriovenous fistula intervention","authors":"N. Aung, Jialing Lim, J. Xue, P. Ho","doi":"10.4103/VIT.VIT_7_19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/VIT.VIT_7_19","url":null,"abstract":"CONTEXT: Endovascular interventions for hemodialysis arteriovenous fistula (AVF) can be performed through transfistula, transradial, and transbrachial artery access (TBA), but many interventionists consider TBA a risky approach and thus avoid using it. AIMS: We conducted a retrospective review to report the safety and applications of TBA for AVF interventions. SETTINGS AND DESIGN: Consecutive endovascular procedures for AVFs with TBA applied during a 2-year period were retrospectively reviewed. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: All brachial artery cannulations were performed under ultrasound guidance, either for fistulogram (20G cannula) only or for both angiogram and therapeutic purposes (4–6 Fr sheath). Demographics, comorbidities, antiplatelet and anticoagulant usage, indications of procedure, lesion sites, treatment outcome, and complication were reported. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED: Excel version 2010. RESULTS: One hundred AVF procedures that adopted TBA were performed for 73 patients during the study period (4 diagnostic fistulogram and 96 therapeutic interventions). Indications were dysfunctional AVF (n = 82), acute fistula thrombosis (n = 9), failure-to-mature (n = 8), and steal syndrome (n = 1). In 61 and 5 procedures, the patients were on long-term antiplatelet and anticoagulant agents, respectively. In 69 procedures, more than one lesion were identified in the AVF circuit. Stenosis over the anastomosis, juxta-anastomosis, and cannulation zone was found in 40.6%, 74%, and 67.7% of the AVFs, respectively. Thirty-two procedures had transbrachial 20G cannula inserted and 68 procedures had 4–6 Fr introducer sheath inserted. Technical success of the therapeutic interventions was 98.9%. Two patients developed limited hematoma at TBA site after the procedure and resolved with conservative management. No major complication (hemorrhage, nerve injury, pseudoaneurysm, and dissection) was noted from all the TBA procedures. CONCLUSIONS: TBA is a safe approach for AVF endovascular therapy.","PeriodicalId":34849,"journal":{"name":"Vascular Investigation and Therapy","volume":"16 1","pages":"8 - 14"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88073105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}