Optometry & Contact Lenses最新文献

{"title":"Manifestationen von neurodegenerativen demyelinisierenden Erkrankungen am Auge","authors":"Kelly A. Malloy, Erin M. Draper, Ashley Kay Maglione, Tina Zeng, Elizabeth Marunde, Kiera Jeschke","doi":"10.54352/dozv.ferj8888","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54352/dozv.ferj8888","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":347784,"journal":{"name":"Optometry & Contact Lenses","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125701867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mikrobakterielle Keratitis: Wie sicher ist Orthokerato- logie heute?","authors":"Rainer Bronner","doi":"10.54352/dozv.owus2996","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54352/dozv.owus2996","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. The purpose of this review is to summarize and clinically evaluate microbial keratitis (MK) in accelerated orthokeratology (OK). Material and Methods. Based on a PubMed and EMBASE search, a systematic literature review of previous and current studies and theories on the pathogenesis of contact lens associated MK was performed. In chronological order, the results were described and analyzed. Results. Risk factors of MK are inadequate contact lens care, use of tap water, non-adherence to hygiene procedures and wearing contact lenses despite pre-existing ocular irritation. The statistical absolute incidence MK is 7.7 MK cases per 100,000 patient-years for all contact lens (CL) wearers and 13.9 per 100,000 patient-years for young CL wearers. The most significant germ is Pseudomonas aeruginosa followed by Acanthamoeba. The predominant age group is 15.4 years old on average, and the predominant ethnic group is persons of Asian descent. Most MK cases are diagnosed in the first 19 months – most users are not contact lens novices. The cor- neal epithelium is the most significant tissue for OK success and most significant for infection protection. Conclusion. Contact lens practitioners have a high respon- sibility for safety in OK. MK in OK is highly preventable if risk factors and general hygiene are observed. Regular check-ups at short intervals, adherence to agreed procedures, discipline, education/training and communication are important tools to minimize the risk of MK in OK. Keywords Orthokeratology, contact lenses, microbacterial keratitis, risk factors","PeriodicalId":347784,"journal":{"name":"Optometry & Contact Lenses","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127432347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Peer Review: Zweck, Anwendung und Relevanz für die Optometrie und Wissenschaftskommunikation","authors":"Sven Jonuscheit, Wolfgang Cagnolati, Michael Bärtschi, Heiko Pult","doi":"10.54352/dozv.pmst3771","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54352/dozv.pmst3771","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":347784,"journal":{"name":"Optometry & Contact Lenses","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117246112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Kurzzeitige Auswirkung von Ortho-K auf Achslänge und Aderhautdicke","authors":"Iva Klimešová, Christian Kempgens","doi":"10.54352/dozv.bxps9664","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54352/dozv.bxps9664","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. To investigate the short-term effect of orthokerato- logy (ortho-k) on choroidal thickness (CHT), anterior chamber depth (ACD), central corneal thickness (CCT), and its rela- tionship to the change in axial length (AL). Material and Methods. Sixteen eyes of sixteen adult (age 25 - 54 years) ortho-k lens wearers discontinued treatment for one month. Measurements were taken before discontinua- tion, at the end of the break, and 2 - 4 weeks after resuming ortho-k lens wear. CHT was measured subfoveally and then nasally, as well as temporally of the fovea at 4 locations. Meas- urements were taken between 2 and 6 pm. Results. No significant change in subfoveal CHT was found. The CHT decreased significantly only 1 and 1.5 mm nasally after discontinuation (-12 ± 21 µm p = 0.035 and -13 ± 17 µm p = 0.006) and increased 0.5 mm temporally after resuming the lens wear (+11 ± 17 µm p = 0.025). Both CCT and ACD increased significantly after discontinuation of ortho-k lens wear (+8 ± 11.0 µm p = 0.01 and +0.04 ± 0.05 mm p = 0.005) and then decreased again after resuming ortho-k lens wear (-7 ± 11 µm p = 0.03 and -0.05 ± 0.07 mm p = 0.009). AL did not change significantly between any of the study phases and correlated significantly negatively with CHT, but with no other parameters. Conclusion. Subfoveal CHT did not change significantly due to short-term ortho-k lens treatment in adults. AL was not affected by the treatment either, despite the increase in ACD after discontinuation. Thus, ortho-k does not seem to have a short-term influence on AL. Keywords orthokeratology, choroidal thickness, myopia, myopia control, axial length, OCT","PeriodicalId":347784,"journal":{"name":"Optometry & Contact Lenses","volume":"94 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116586474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Presbyopie Management mittels Orthokeratologie","authors":"Michel Wyss","doi":"10.54352/dozv.kemy8599","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54352/dozv.kemy8599","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. With the aging population, management of presby- opia by contact lenses has become commonplace and market penetration is growing steadily. The purpose of this article is to discuss and highlight the different approaches to presbyopic patients using orthokeratology. Material and Methods. The management of presbyopia using multifocal orthokeratology requires additional demands on the contact lens specialist as well as on the specialized laboratory. Based on the author’s experience with fitting multifocal orthokeratology contact lenses, different types of care in the field of presbyopia management are discussed with consideration of adequate care management. Results. Today basically all orthokeratology variants are available with a multifocal design too. Due to the wider mul- tifocal back surface design, the adaptation and modulation time until the stable final result is achieved, takes about one week longer than with traditional orthokeratology. Adequate patient care is of great importance. Conclusion. Presbyopia should not be considered a contrain- dication to orthokeratology. The multifocal designs work well in the long term and are in no way inferior to the well-known contact lens presbyopia solutions. Keywords presbyopia, orthokeratology, contact lenses","PeriodicalId":347784,"journal":{"name":"Optometry & Contact Lenses","volume":"106 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128192064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neuanpassung von formstabilen Kontaktlinsen bei Keratokonus und eingeschränkter Kontaktlinsentoleranz","authors":"Tobias Ecke","doi":"10.54352/dozv.uaya3522","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54352/dozv.uaya3522","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. The aim of the case report is to describe the visual rehabilitation of a keratoconus patient with RGP contact lenses and here specifically the change from classical RGP lenses to contact lenses with a larger diameter to improve wearing comfort and daily wearing time. Material and Methods. RGP contact lenses were fitted to the eyes with the aid of corneal topography and the assess- ment of diagnostic lenses. The pros and cons of different contact lens designs are discussed in the context of visual rehabilitation of eyes with keratoconus. Results. Re-fitting of new contact lenses to a geometry with a larger (limbal) overall diameter increased comfortable wearing time from 8h to 12h. Conclusion. Contact lens practitioners should use all options for fitting RGP lenses – from corneal, to limbal, to corneo- scleral, to (mini-)scleral lenses – to find the solution with good wearing comfort and best long-term physiologically accept- ance. The aim is the possibility of lifelong contact lens wearing. Keywords keratoconus, corneal lens, limbal lens, corneoscleral lens","PeriodicalId":347784,"journal":{"name":"Optometry & Contact Lenses","volume":"58 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121787998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anpassung einer Skleral-Kontaktlinse zur visuellen Rehabilitation bei einem fortgeschrittenem Keratokonus und Zustand nach \"MyoRing\"-Implantation","authors":"Simon Jäkel","doi":"10.54352/dozv.xezy2833","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54352/dozv.xezy2833","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. The case report describes the fitting of a scleral contact lens for visual rehabilitation in advanced keratoconus and condition after “MyoRing” implantation. Material and Methods. Optimizations of the contact lens de- sign were made by evaluation and analysis of cross-sectional images using optical coherence tomography (OCT). Results. In the present case, a significant improvement of visual acuity, a reduction of monocular diplopia, and an in- crease of scotopic visual performance could be achieved. Conclusion. Scleral contact lenses can be a good alternative to other contact lens treatments to achieve visual rehabilita- tion in complex corneal situations. Analysis of vertex depths and fitting zones in scleral contact lenses using anterior seg- ment OCT is of great value in determining lens parameters. Keywords Keratoconus, scleral contact lenses, optical coherence to- mography, MyoRing","PeriodicalId":347784,"journal":{"name":"Optometry & Contact Lenses","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114019723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Einfluss phospholipidhaltiger Augentropfen auf das Abtrocknungsverhalten weicher Kontaktlinsen","authors":"Sebastian Marx, Stanislav Baluschev, W. Sickenberger","doi":"10.54352/dozv.ilca8295","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54352/dozv.ilca8295","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. The primary objective of the study was to determine differences between in vitro surface de-wetting of soft con- tact lens (SCL) materials out of saline solution, before and after treatment with phospholipid containing rewetting drops. Material and Methods. Fifteen lenses of different SCL mate- rial classes according to ISO 18369 were tested (polymacon, nelfilcon A, ocufilcon D, balafilcon A, somofilcon A, lotrafilcon B). The lenses were rinsed and stored in saline solution to min- imize the effect of the original blister solution. A de-wetting video was captured for every lens using the Keratograph 5M. Afterwards all lenses were soaked in phospholipid containing rewetting solution for 25 hours. The lenses were gently ag- itated by an orbital shaker with a frequency 0.25 Hz, tilting up to 15°. After treatment, all lenses were equilibrated again in saline solution for at least 30 minutes. De-wetting videos were captured again. In vitro “Non-Invasive Keratograph Dry Up Time“ (NIK-DUT) was assessed for a measurement time of 180 s. The results were expressed by the Area Under Curve (AUC) as well as clinical relevant time point to reach 4.82 mm2 de-wetting. Results. The AUC results before and after treatment with phospholipid containing rewetting solution were: polymacon 4870.9 ± 942.7 and 6214.1 ± 932.1, nelfilcon A 4688.0 ± 1065.1 and 6959.8 ± 1081.8, ocufilcon D 3612.6 ± 875.5 and 7042.0 ± 714.3, balafilcon A 4170.4 ± 927.2 and 7385.6 ± 879.8, somofil- con A 4284.50 ± 833.8 and 6762.2 ± 1380.2 and lotrafilcon B, comfilcon A 4973.3 ± 1249.3 and 7415.7 ± 994.8. All differences were statistically significant at a significance level of 0.05 with P<0.001 (Wilcoxon rank sum test). The mean time to reach 4.82 mm2 de-wetting was 19 s. Conclusion. The used phospholipid containing solution did interact with all soft contact lens materials and lead to accelerated in vitro de-wetting. As the de-wetting area of 4.82 mm2 is reached after a typical interblink period for con- tact lens wearers during attentional visual tasks, it is unlikely to expect a drop of the visual acuity by one log line. Keywords Contact Lenses, Dry Eye","PeriodicalId":347784,"journal":{"name":"Optometry &amp; Contact Lenses","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124087149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biomechanik der Cornea bei Keratokonus und weiteren Hornhautektasien","authors":"Andreas Berke","doi":"10.54352/dozv.dnkk5902","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54352/dozv.dnkk5902","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. The relationship between structure and function of the cornea is discussed. Altered biomechanical properties of the corneal stroma are responsible for the development of primary and secondary ectasia. Material and Methods. A systematic literature review of the biochemical components of the corneal stroma and their im- portance for the biomechanics of the cornea was performed. The physical basis of the theory of elasticity and necessary extensions in terms of corneal nonlinearity and inhomoge- neity are discussed. The different biomechanical conditions leading to primary ectasia (e. g. keratoconus) and secondary ectasia after Lasik surgery are compared. Results. Primary ectasias are the result of altered biochemical properties of the stromal collagens. A different arrangement of collagen fibres in the stroma is another possible cause of primary ectasia. Post-Lasik ectasia is caused by the decou- pling of the flap and the residual stroma. The wall tension within the residual posterior stroma increases by a factor of 2 after Lasik. The thinned posterior stroma is not able to permanently withstand the intraocular pressure. Conclusion. The collagens of the stroma are decisive for the structure and thus also for the function of the cornea as an imaging element. Measurement results on the biomechanics of the cornea obtained with air-puff procedures provide only limited information on the biomechanics of the cornea and on the understanding of the aetiology of keratoconus, since here the mechanical loads to deform the cornea only act only for a few milliseconds, while the deforming force of the intraocular pressure acts permanently. Keywords Keratoconus, Post-Lasik Ectasia, Biomechanics, Collagen, Theory of Elasticity","PeriodicalId":347784,"journal":{"name":"Optometry &amp; Contact Lenses","volume":"96 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129678625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Update zur Fixationsdisparität","authors":"V. Schroth","doi":"10.54352/dozv.yqdu7090","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54352/dozv.yqdu7090","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. The aim of the paper is to summarise and discuss the current state of knowledge on the overall topic of fixation disparity (FD). Material and Methods. A systematised PubMed literature search based on the term “fixation disparity” was conducted; in addition, the publication relies on the reference book on “Perceiving in Depth” written by I. P. Howard. Results. Until the 1990s, the understanding regarding subjective FD was quite uniform. Studies with high-resolution, objective examination methods and simultaneous measurement of subjective and objective FD have since shown that the vergence error (= objective FD) is usually not very well correlated with the vernier error (= subjective FD). It can therefore be assumed that the two types of FD are two different phenomena. The objective vergence error can indicate how large the shift of the image position on the retina is within the central panum area. Subjective FD, on the other hand, must be seen as the result of multiple processing events in the brain. Conclusion. There is a difference between subjective and objective FD. This finding does not contradict the clinical rel- evance of subjective FD. Aligning prisms to correct subjective FD are effective in reducing visual complaints in certain cases. It is possible that aligning prisms reduce a relevant proportion of heterophoria. Keywords binocular vision, fixation disparity, vergence error, vernier error","PeriodicalId":347784,"journal":{"name":"Optometry &amp; Contact Lenses","volume":"53 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132183024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}