Penitentsiarnaia nauka最新文献

{"title":"Administrative Restraint Measures Applied by Employees of the Penal System of the Russian Federation in Connection with the Commission of an Administrative Offense","authors":"S. Starostin, N. V. Aniskina","doi":"10.46741/2686-9764-2021-15-3-650-658","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46741/2686-9764-2021-15-3-650-658","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: the article considers the theory and practice of applying administrative restraint measures implemented by employees of the penal system of the Russian Federation in case of the commission of an administrative offense. We substantiate an idea concerning the impact of the effectiveness of the use of administrative coercion measures by employees of the penal system not only on the overall level of penitentiary security, but also on state security in general. Aim: to reveal the specifics of application of administrative restraint measures in the penal system, taking into account the specifics of the law enforcement sphere. Methods: our research is based on the dialectical method of scientific cognition. The article uses general scientific (analysis, synthesis, induction, etc.), specific scientific and special methods of cognition (comparative legal, formal legal, statistical). Results: we reveal the essence of application of administrative restraint measures in the penal system; we study the practice of implementing the norms concerning the use of administrative restraint measures by employees of the penal system; we reveal the features of their application, taking into account the specifics of the sphere of law enforcement sphere, such as focusing on ensuring penitentiary security, preventing administrative offenses and crimes, application on the territory of penitentiary institutions in most cases, etc. We find out that the legal basis for the application of administrative restraint measures in the penal system of the Russian Federation needs to be improved. Conclusions: in order to increase the effectiveness of the practice of implementing administrative enforcement measures in the penal system, we formulate proposals to improve the norms of the current legislation: namely, Section V of the Law of the Russian Federation of July 21, 993 no. 5473-1 should contain definitions of the terms “use of physical force”, “use of special means”; the terms such as application and use of firearms should be distinguished; the wording “provision of medical first aid” should be replaced with “immediate provision of premedical aid to victims”. We also present arguments in favor of the expediency of supplementing Federal Law 197-FZ of July 19, 2018 “About the service in the Penal System of the Russian Federation...” with a provision that assigns to the employees of the penal system the duty to comply with the norms of criminal legislation (on necessary defense, extreme necessity and other circumstances excluding the criminality of the act) in cases of the implementation of administrative restraint measures.","PeriodicalId":34705,"journal":{"name":"Penitentsiarnaia nauka","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46357533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Дивергенция теории и практика профилактики правонарушений","authors":"Игорь Мацкевич","doi":"10.46741/2686-9764-2021-15-3-481-490","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46741/2686-9764-2021-15-3-481-490","url":null,"abstract":"Введение: статья посвящена рассмотрению понятия профилактики в различных аспектах (социальная профилактика, криминологическая профилактика, ситуационная профилактика, эволюционная профилактика). Цель: представить характеристику субъектов, реализующих профилактику правонарушений и раскрыть вопрос об участии общественности в данном процессе в исторический и современный периоды. Автор отдельно останавливается на профилактике (предупреждении новых преступлений) в учреждениях Федеральной службы исполнения наказаний, подчеркивает ее значимость в период отбывания наказания (воспитательные приемы и методы) и после освобождения (взаимодействие уголовно-исполнительных инспекций с правоохранительными органами по ресоциализации освободившихся осужденных). Обозначены возможные риски и трудности организации профилактики правонарушений совместно с общественными организациями: определение преференций для активистов; политизация профилактической работы (получение дополнительных избирательных баллов); отбор активистов (недопущение представителей криминальной среды). В контексте рассмотрения путей совершенствования профилактики большое внимание уделяется профилактике преступности посредством технологических инноваций: контроль перемещения человека с помощью мобильного телефона; анализ посещений сайтов интернета пользователем; компьютерные программы предотвращения преступлений; составление и ведение федеральных программ баз данных; вопросы чипирования и т. д. Материалом для исследования послужил накопленный опыт реализации профилактической работы, который описан в разделах «Профилактика вчера» и «Профилактика сегодня». В статье анализируются примеры профилактики правонарушений в Тайланде, США и др., отражены итоги реализации программы «Безопасный город» в г. Москве. Методологическую основу данного исследования составляет аксиологический подход. Решению исследовательской задачи способствовало использование общефилософских принципов диалектики и специальных методов познания: систематического, формально-юридического, социологического и др. Результаты: общественность остается наиболее важным элементом системы профилактики. Необходимо развивать и закреплять соответствующую деятельность законодательно, например как это сделано в ст. 11 федерального закона «Об основах системы профилактики безнадзорности и правонарушений несовершеннолетних». Главным оружием в руках субъектов профилактики должно являться правовое просвещение. Магистральным направлением профилактики должна стать ликвидация преступности.","PeriodicalId":34705,"journal":{"name":"Penitentsiarnaia nauka","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49566431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Punishment of Persons Convicted of Economic (Business) Crimes and Malfeasance in Office, in the Assessment of the Public and Professionals","authors":"V. Seliverstov","doi":"10.46741/2686-9764-2021-15-3-613-620","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46741/2686-9764-2021-15-3-613-620","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: the article considers ultra-liberal, ultra-radical and realistic views on the punishment of persons convicted of economic (business) crimes and malfeasance in office. The article analyzes public and professional opinion on this problem using the results of specific sociological studies conducted in 2018–2019 by Tkachevsky Research and Education Center “Problems of Penal Law” under Lomonosov Moscow State University. Research materials and methods: the research is based on the application of the specific sociological research method. The materials for our research include the results of the study of public and professional opinion on the punishment of those convicted of economic crimes and malfeasance in office, and on the places and conditions of their imprisonment. Empirical research includes surveys of three types of respondents: citizens of the Russian Federation; persons convicted of economic crimes and malfeasance in office who are serving sentences in correctional institutions; correctional officers. We also investigate proposals on sending the convicts under consideration to correctional institutions located in remote regions of Russia, and the prospects for the construction and opening of so-called private prisons for them. We analyze the practice of keeping persons convicted of economic crimes and malfeasance in office together with other categories of convicts. Results: we conclude that the public and professionals do not tend to hold extreme positions (ultra-liberal or ultra-radical) in the punishment of persons convicted of economic crimes and malfeasance in office. The public and professionals assess quite realistically the criminal policy of the state and judicial practice at the present stage of the state's development and allow, within certain limits, the application of punishment in the form of imprisonment to economic and official criminals. We emphasize that both categories of respondents (citizens and convicts) are more inclined to use imprisonment in relation to persons who have committed malfeasance in office than to those who committed economic crimes. We argue that public opinion is dissatisfied with the fact that persons convicted of malfeasance in office and economic crimes are kept together with other categories of convicts. There is no such dissatisfaction in the professional opinion: the majority of interviewed correctional officers do not support the idea of sending those convicted of economic crimes and malfeasance in office to separate correctional institutions. We put forward a proposal concerning the implementation of the idea that persons convicted of economic crimes and malfeasance in office should be held in separate correctional institutions in the course of modernization provided for by the Concept for development of the penal system of the Russian Federation until 2030, which consists in opening joint correctional institutions.","PeriodicalId":34705,"journal":{"name":"Penitentsiarnaia nauka","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47910804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Discrepancy between the Theory and Practice of Crime Prevention","authors":"I. Matskevich","doi":"10.46741/2686-9764-2021-15-3-605-612","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46741/2686-9764-2021-15-3-605-612","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: the article considers the concept of prevention in several aspects (social prevention, criminological prevention, situational prevention, evolutionary prevention). We describe the subjects implementing the prevention of offenses and consider the issue of public participation in this process in historical and modern periods. We focus our attention on the prevention of new crimes in the institutions of the Federal Penitentiary Service, emphasize its importance during the period of serving a sentence (educational techniques and methods) and after release (interaction of probation inspectorates with law enforcement agencies for the re-socialization of released convicts). We outline possible risks and difficulties of organizing crime prevention together with public organizations: determining preferences for activists; politicization of preventive work (obtaining additional electoral points); selection of activists (preventing the involvement of representatives of the criminal environment). In the context of considering ways to improve prevention, much attention is paid to the prevention of crime through technological innovations: control over people’s movement using a mobile phone; analysis of web browsing history; computer programs for crime prevention; compilation and maintenance of federal database programs; chipping, etc. The study is based on the accumulated experience of implementing preventive work, which is described in the sections “Prevention yesterday” and “Prevention today”. The article analyzes examples of crime prevention in Thailand, the U.S. etc., and reflects the results of implementation of the “Safe City” program in Moscow. The methodological basis of this study is represented by the axiological approach. Research problems were addressed with the use of general philosophical principles of dialectics and special methods of cognition: systematic, formal-legal, sociological, etc. Results: the public remains the most important element of the prevention system. It is necessary to develop and legally consolidate the relevant activities, for example, as it is done in Article 11 of the Federal Law “On the fundamentals of the system for prevention of neglect and juvenile delinquency”. Legal education should be the main weapon in the hands of the subjects of prevention. Elimination of crime should become the main direction of prevention.","PeriodicalId":34705,"journal":{"name":"Penitentsiarnaia nauka","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48733257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Use of Psychological Correction Programs to Improve the Occupational Fitness of Correctional Personnel","authors":"I. N. Minina, D. Gribanova","doi":"10.46741/2686-9764-2021-15-3-669-676","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46741/2686-9764-2021-15-3-669-676","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: the article examines the results of the application of a short-term psychological correction program, which includes conflict prevention and the development of adaptive behavior skills in difficult communication situations. Aim: based on the results of the study, to identify conditions for the effective use of psychological programs to overcome stress among prison staff. Methods: the tasks set in the work were solved with the help of general scientific research methods within the framework of comparative, statistical and logical analysis and empirical methods such as description and interpretation of the information. The study involved 80 employees of the security department of correctional institutions of the Pskov Oblast, divided into experimental and control groups. The trainings were conducted by full-time psychologists of the departments. To assess the effectiveness, we used the following methods: “Willpower self-assessment scale” by N.N. Obozov, the technique for determining the level of neuropsychic stability “Forecast”, and the questionnaire of interpersonal relations in the adaptation of W. Shchutz. Results: the analysis of the data with the help of mathematical statistics methods has shown that the use of such programs is advisable among employees included in the group of increased attention. These may be persons conditionally recommended for this type of activity, as well as those who have been subjected to the deforming influence of an unfavorable professional environment. A statistically significant result for the experimental group of subjects consisted in a change in the indicators on the sincerity scale, which can mean an increase in self-esteem, trust in the psychologist and the desire to answer the questions honestly. The greatest effectiveness of the training was observed when we were implementing the tested program; this is explained by increased motivation and responsibility for its results. No practical effect of participation in the training was revealed among the personnel who initially had indicators that did not require correction. Conclusions: in order to increase the effectiveness of trainings, it is necessary that psychologists have personal conscious motivation when they work out unique programs that take into account actual needs of correctional staff.","PeriodicalId":34705,"journal":{"name":"Penitentsiarnaia nauka","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45554651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Verification of Reports on Prison-Related Crimes in the Context of Ensuring the Rights and Legitimate Interests of Convicts","authors":"A. S. Shatalov","doi":"10.46741/2686-9764-2021-15-3-628-634","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46741/2686-9764-2021-15-3-628-634","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: the article considers problematic issues related to the participation of penal system officials in procedural activities to verify reports of crimes committed by convicted persons, accused persons, and suspects in correctional institutions, and puts forward proposals aimed at improving the effectiveness of these activities. Our arguments are directly related to the following: determining the moment from which the calculation of the terms of such an inspection should begin, assessing the expediency of such an inspection, actual content of the procedural actions it contains and participation of the defender in them. We come to the conclusion that penal system officials are not sufficiently motivated to use the procedural powers of the body of inquiry and participate in pre-trial proceedings in criminal cases. Moreover, they are often poorly prepared to participate in criminal procedural activities; this fact not only entails violations of the rights and legitimate interests of convicts, but also allows the latter to avoid criminal liability for new crimes committed on the territory of a correctional institution. The fact that many heads of penitentiary institutions are afraid that the number of criminally punishable actions in the territories under their control would increase also has a negative impact on the quality of procedural activity. As a result, the official criminal statistics mainly show only those prison-related offences, which cannot be hushed up. Methods: we make the following classification of the problems of responding to various violations of criminal law prohibitions by persons sentenced to imprisonment, as well as suspects and accused persons held in custody: 1) problems related to the reasons for initiating a criminal case; 2) problems related to the reasons for initiating a criminal case; 3) problems related to checking the reports of prison-related offences; 4) problems related to the adoption of final procedural decisions and the provision of qualified legal assistance to convicted persons in the implementation of verification actions. Taking into account the specifics of the problems, we put forward the ways to overcome and solve these problems. Discussion: the latency of prison offences has been and remains quite high, and the procedural activity itself carried out in connection with their commission is very far from ideal. In such conditions, there is a growing need for timely and professional response on the part of officials of correctional institutions (including pre-trial detention centers) to various violations of criminal law prohibitions committed by persons sentenced to imprisonment, as well as suspects and accused persons held in custody. Results: we prove that the above-mentioned response is mandatory and has a number of specific features, primarily due to the environment in which it is carried out.","PeriodicalId":34705,"journal":{"name":"Penitentsiarnaia nauka","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49437461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Theoretical, Legal and Organizational Foundations of Volunteer Activities in the Field of Social Adaptation of Individuals Sentenced to Non-Custodial Punishment in Russia","authors":"Sergei L. Babayan, Nikolai V. Ol’khovik, S. Fadeeva, I. A. Lakina, Lidiya P. Pitkevich","doi":"10.46741/2686-9764-2021-15-3-621-627","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46741/2686-9764-2021-15-3-621-627","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: the article investigates theoretical, legal and organizational foundations for participation of volunteers in the social adaptation of individuals convicted to non-custodial punishments. Aim: we review theoretical, legal and organizational foundations of the work of volunteers in the field of execution of sentences in Russia and foreign countries and show the prospects for their participation in the social adaptation of individuals convicted without isolation from society in our country. Methods: comparative legal, empirical methods of description, interpretation, theoretical methods of formal and dialectical logic, private scientific methods: legal-dogmatic and method of interpretation of legal norms. Results: in the life of those convicted to non-custodial punishments, volunteerism performs mobilization, regulatory, stimulating, communicative functions, as well as the functions of socialization and self-affirmation. Conclusions: we propose to supplement the list of activities in respect of which the federal executive authorities, executive authorities of constituent entities of the Russian Federation, and local government bodies approve the procedure for interaction between state and municipal institutions and volunteers, with one more type of activity such as assistance in the work of institutions and bodies executing sentences, participation in the reformation of convicts and their social adaptation. We substantiate the proposals on assigning the state authorities of the Russian Federation, constituent entities of the Russian Federation, and local government bodies the obligation to provide organizational, informational, methodological and other support to the subjects of voluntary (volunteer) activities that promote the work of institutions and bodies executing sentences, to take into account the voluntary (volunteer) activity of the convicted person when determining the degree of their reformation, recognition of the active participation of the person convicted to non-custodial punishment in voluntary (volunteer) activities as the basis for applying incentive measures to such convicts.","PeriodicalId":34705,"journal":{"name":"Penitentsiarnaia nauka","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48313681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Меры административного пресечения, применяемые сотрудниками уголовно-исполнительной системы Российской Федерации в связи с совершением административного правонарушения","authors":"Cергей Старостин, Надежда Анискина","doi":"10.46741/2686-9764-2021-15-3-540-552","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46741/2686-9764-2021-15-3-540-552","url":null,"abstract":"Введение: статья посвящена изучению теории и практики применения мер административного пресечения, реализуемых сотрудниками уголовно-исполнительной системы Российской Федерации в связи с совершением административного правонарушения. Обосновывается идея о влиянии эффективности применения сотрудниками уголовно-исполнительной системы мер административного принуждения не только на общий уровень пенитенциарной безопасности, но и на государственную безопасность в целом. Цель: установление особенностей применения мер административного пресечения в УИС с учетом специфики сферы правореализации. Методы: в основе проведенного исследования лежит диалектический метод научного познания. В статье использованы общенаучные (анализ, синтез, индукция и т. д.), частнонаучные и специальные методы познания (сравнительно-правовой, формально-юридический, статистический). Результаты: установлена сущность применения мер административного пресечения в УИС; изучена практика реализации норм, касающихся применения сотрудниками УИС мер административного пресечения; выявлены особенности их применения с учетом специфики сферы правореализации, такие как направленность на обеспечение пенитенциарной безопасности, предотвращение как административных правонарушений, так и преступлений, использование в большинстве случаев на территории учреждений УИС и др. Установлено, что правовая основа применения мер административного пресечения в уголовно-исполнительной системе Российской Федерации нуждается в совершенствовании. Выводы: в целях повышения эффективности практики реализации мер административного принуждения в УИС сформулированы предложения по совершенствованию норм действующего законодательства, а именно обоснована необходимость закрепления в разд. V закона Российской Федерации от 21.07.1993 № 5473-1 определений терминов «применение физической силы» и «применение специальных средств», разграничения понятий применения и использования огнестрельного оружия, замены формулировки «оказание первой медицинской помощи» на «безотлагательное оказание пострадавшим первой доврачебной помощи». Также авторами приводятся аргументы в пользу целесообразности дополнения Федерального закона от 19.07.2018 № 197-ФЗ «О службе в уголовно-исполнительной системе Российской Федерации…» положением, закрепляющим за сотрудниками УИС обязанность по соблюдению норм уголовного законодательства (о необходимой обороне, крайней необходимости и иных обстоятельствах, исключающих преступность деяния) в случаях реализации мер административного пресечения.","PeriodicalId":34705,"journal":{"name":"Penitentsiarnaia nauka","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41435389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Legal Regulation and Organization of the Work of Management Subjects Related to the Dismissal of Employees of the Penal System of the Russian Federation due to the Loss of Trust","authors":"S. V. Zavitova, Nataliya A. Mel’nikova","doi":"10.46741/2686-9764-2021-15-3-635-641","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46741/2686-9764-2021-15-3-635-641","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: the article considers problematic issues related to the work of management subjects (managers) and attestation commissions in situations when an employee of the penal system of the Russian Federation is dismissed due to the loss of trust. The aim of this study is to identify gaps in the current legislation on the service that arise when a measure of responsibility such as dismissal due to the loss of trust is applied; another aim consists in formulating proposals for improving legislation in this area. Methods: methodological basis of our study is represented by a set of methods of scientific cognition, among which the main place belongs to formal-logical, system-structural, and comparative-legal methods. Results: the study has shown that there are many problematic issues in the law enforcement practice regarding the dismissal of employees due to the loss of trust. The norms of the law do not clearly distinguish the components of corruption offenses for which an employee is subject to dismissal due to the loss of trust or may be brought to another type of liability. The issue regarding the status of the decision of the attestation commission remains unresolved; its decision is of an advisory nature, but at the same time, it is fundamental for making a decision by the employee’s superior. There is an ongoing discussion on the composition of the attestation commission; and options for the selection of independent experts are proposed. Discussion: dismissal due to the loss of trust is a specific type of disciplinary penalty, and its implementation is carried out by authorized management entities within the framework of disciplinary proceedings. The procedure for making a decision on the dismissal of employees of the penal system due to the loss of trust needs further improvement in its legal and organizational aspects, taking into account modern law enforcement and judicial practice.","PeriodicalId":34705,"journal":{"name":"Penitentsiarnaia nauka","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46042288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pedagogical Aspects Related to the Prevention of Professional Marginalism as a Dangerous Psychological Phenomenon in Educational Process at Departmental Universities","authors":"L. V. Kovtunenko, E. Meshcheryakova, Yuliya G. Khlopovskikh","doi":"10.46741/2686-9764-2021-15-3-684-690","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46741/2686-9764-2021-15-3-684-690","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: the article analyzes professional marginalism, which became increasingly widespread in recent years. Preventing marginalism becomes an urgent issue for representatives of various scientific fields: sociologists, psychologists, and teachers. At the same time, there is still an insufficient amount of studies on the problems associated with the prevention of professional marginalism as a dangerous psychological phenomenon, despite their high social, national and personal significance. The development of professional marginalism is especially dangerous among employees of law enforcement agencies: military personnel, law enforcement officers, correctional officers, etc. The relevance of this topic is due to the increase in the number of officers who show signs of professional marginalism. Aim: we review theoretical data and experience in studying the problem of professional marginalism as a dangerous psychological phenomenon so as to show possible ways of its prevention and correction in the course of educational process at departmental universities. Methods: theoretical (analysis, synthesis, comparison, systematization, generalization of psychological and pedagogical literature on the research problem, modeling), empirical (survey, testing, experiment), qualitative and quantitative data processing. Results: in the course of the research we have revealed that among the interviewed cadets of departmental educational organizations, including the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia, the majority (69.0%) tend to show ambivalent feelings about the profession they are mastering; professional marginalism as the antipode of professional commitment is manifested in the majority of cadets (71.4%) at the median level. Only a fifth of the surveyed cadets showed a low level of professional marginalism. Conclusions: having analyzed the results of the assessment of the state and dynamics of the level of professional identity in cadets, we see that the achieved indicators should be increased in order to prevent professional marginalism. It can be achieved by developing and implementing a program to increase the level of formation of the professional identity in cadets. The program should include activities, forms and methods of their organization and implementation, aimed at preventing professional marginalism among law enforcement officers. An essential role in preventing the emergence and development of this psychological phenomenon belongs to educational (especially pedagogical) activities of lecturers in the course of training specialists in departmental universities.","PeriodicalId":34705,"journal":{"name":"Penitentsiarnaia nauka","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48005244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}