Archeion最新文献

{"title":"The transnational archival memory of European integration","authors":"Dieter Schlenker","doi":"10.4467/26581264arc.23.002.17862","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4467/26581264arc.23.002.17862","url":null,"abstract":"The European Coal and Steel Community established in 1951, the European Atomic Energy Community, and the European Economic Community, both established in 1957, built the roots of the European single market and are direct forerunners of today’s European Union. The vision of a united post-War (Western) Europe went far beyond economic considerations, as can be seen in the preamble of the Rome Treaties with its concept of “ever closer union”. It made the European Union a unique transnational political and cultural phenomenon based on common values and supranational decision-making processes. Archives hold the memory of the multi-levelled European integration process. European integration produced a new model of transnational archives with specific privileges, immunities and working methods. These archives preserve the legal acts, negotiations, correspondence, and documents produced by intergovernmental or nongovernmental European institutions and organisations and make them available to the public. The Historical Archives of the European Union play a central role in transmitting the memory, informing the public and fostering research on these diverse types of archives.","PeriodicalId":34686,"journal":{"name":"Archeion","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134970071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Why a world gone digital needs archival theory more than ever before?","authors":"L. Duranti","doi":"10.4467/26581264arc.22.015.16668","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4467/26581264arc.22.015.16668","url":null,"abstract":"The paper is a transcript of a lecture delivered on 12 October 2022 at the University of Warsaw by Professor Luciana Duranti, researcher and lecturer in archival science and diplomatics at the School of Information of the University of British Columbia in Vancouver, B.C. Canada. The lecture was part of a series of open lectures organised by the national archives, entitled ‘Konarski Lectures’, focusing on contemporary archival science. The author is a specialist in the fields of archival science, diplomatics and electronic records, and Principal Investigator and director of the InterPARES Project (www.interpares.org and www.interparestrustai.org). The lecture addressed the most important challenges facing archival science in the age of digital transformation. In answering the central question regarding the need to develop archival theory in a digital world, the author highlighted the essential research areas that require new theoretical developments. These include ensuring reliability, accuracy and authenticity, that is, trustworthiness, of electronic records, in particular assessing the suitability of electronic signature technology and blockchain architecture for these purposes, and the application of AI to generating, managing and sharing electronic records. The latter is a key problem area of the international interdisciplinary archival research project InterPARES Trust AI, which aims to design, develop and use artificial intelligence to ensure the availability and use of trustworthy electronic records of public entities. The problem of ensuring the authenticity (i.e. the identity and integrity) and the accessibility of digital records stored in the cloud, particularly in the commercial cloud, was also addressed.","PeriodicalId":34686,"journal":{"name":"Archeion","volume":"51 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86186894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ogólne czy szczegółowe? Dane dotyczące biurowości… elektronicznej w Polsce zawarte w protokołach kontroli archiwalnych z lat 2011–2019","authors":"D. Drzewiecka","doi":"10.4467/26581264arc.22.002.16463","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4467/26581264arc.22.002.16463","url":null,"abstract":"Zmieniające się regulacje prawne, rozwój nowych, ale niejednorodnych, narzędzi wspomagających zarządzenie dokumentacją oraz rosnąca ilość wytwarzanej dokumentacji elektronicznej sprawiły, że archiwa państwowe stanęły m.in. przed koniecznością stworzenia odpowiednich metod przeprowadzania kontroli archiwalnych. Celem niniejszego artykułu jest ocena stopnia szczegółowości danych dotyczących elektronicznego zarządzania dokumentacją, w tym wytwarzanej i gromadzonej dokumentacji elektronicznej, zawartych w protokołach kontroli archiwalnych. Określone zostaną także zmiany zakresu protokołowanych danych. Jako cezurę początkową obrano rok 2011 – moment wejścia w życie rozporządzenia Prezesa Rady Ministrów z 18 stycznia 2011 r., które – po pierwsze – zdefiniowało system EZD, a po drugie – uregulowało możliwość elektronicznego zarządzania dokumentacją w organach administracji rządowej zespolonej w województwie, organach samorządu województwa, organach powiatu, organach gmin i związków międzygminnych oraz urzędach obsługujących te organy. Rok 2019 nie jest datą kończącą obowiązywanie rozporządzenia, ale z uwagi na wybuch pandemii COVID-19, zmieniającej obraz polskiego przedpola archiwalnego, uznano go za odpowiednią cezurę zamykającą artykuł.\u0000\u0000General or specific? Data concerning electronic office work in Poland, reported in archival audit protocols from 2011–2019\u0000\u0000Changing legal regulations, development of new, but disparate tools supporting records management, as well as the growing volume of electronic documentation produced, among other things, have made it necessary for state archives to develop appropriate methods for conducting archival audits. The purpose of this article is to assess the granularity of data regarding electronic records management, including electronic records produced and collected, as reflected in protocols from archival audits. Changes in the scope of logged data will also be addressed. Year 2011 was chosen as the starting point – it marks entry into force of the Prime Minister’s Ordinance of January 18, 2011, which defined the EDM system and regulated the possibility of electronic documentation management in consolidated government administration bodies on the voivodship level, voivodship self-government bodies, county bodies, bodies of municipalities and inter-municipal unions, as well as offices serving such bodies. Year 2019 is not the expiration date for the regulation itself, but due to the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, which arguably changed the landscape of the Polish archival foreground, it was considered an appropriate concluding point for the article.","PeriodicalId":34686,"journal":{"name":"Archeion","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81152354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Arkhivni reformy v Ukrayini: istoriya, proyekty, vyklyky s'ohodennya","authors":"Iryna Matiash","doi":"10.4467/26581264arc.22.005.16466","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4467/26581264arc.22.005.16466","url":null,"abstract":"Archival reforms in Ukraine: history, projects, current challenges The aim of the article is to highlight the characteristics and reasons for archival reforms in Ukraine in the years 1917–2022. It also analyses the challenges and problems faced by Ukrainian archives after Ukraine gained independence in 1991, as well as those stemming from the war caused by Russia in 2014 and the invasion of February 24, 2022. The research method applied is based on scientific criteria, taking into account the historical context, consistency and specific research methodology, in particular archival heuristics and source criticism. The express focus group poll method was also used. Originality of the research lies in the reconstruction of the process of reforming the archival sector in Ukraine, defining its stages, their characteristics and mutual relations, as well as analysing the problems of Ukrainian archives after the Russian invasion. The author argues that archival reforms in Ukraine are an integral part of the state-building process, and the need for their implementation became a reality when Ukraine was liberated from the influence of both the Russian Empire and the Soviet Union. The key idea behind all the archival reforms (five in 1917–1925 and two in 1991–2022) was to organize the archival domain of the independent state, so as to secure and preserve all of its archival resources as an integral part of the world archival heritage and enable wide access to archival documents. The specificity of reforms as applied to archives in modern times, after Ukraine regained independence on August 24, 1991, is their permanent, practice-oriented nature. In this process, the „archival reform of the 1990s” can be distinguished and the archival reform based on the „principle of five I”, created by Anatolii W. Khromov. The author concludes that the Russian invasion resulted in increased risk for the archival resources and archives of Ukraine, posing a threat of irreversible losses, not only of the National Archival Fond of Ukraine, but also of the world archival heritage as a whole.","PeriodicalId":34686,"journal":{"name":"Archeion","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89529006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aktotwórca, archiwotwórca i użytkownik informacji archiwalnej: wzajemne relacje w świetle rozwoju nowoczesnych technologii informacyjno-komunikacyjnych","authors":"J. Adamus-Kowalska","doi":"10.4467/26581264arc.22.011.16657","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4467/26581264arc.22.011.16657","url":null,"abstract":"Records creator, archive creator and archive information user: mutual relations in view of the development of modern information and communication technologies The aim of this article is to examine the mutual relations between the records creator, the archive creator and the information user in light of contemporary developments in information and communication technologies. The study was carried out in form of desk-based research, analysis of the literature, analysis of legal regulations and reports of the Head Office of the State Archives for the years 2011–2020. The analyses have revealed a very dynamic progress of digitisation in archives, which has a direct impact on the relations between all participants of information processes in archives. The phenomenon of prosumption of archival knowledge, not yet described in archival science literature, was also pointed out. The article concludes that it is necessary to make wider use of the knowledge possessed by archivists and archive users in order to design new tools and methods for creating, developing and sharing archival resources in digital form.","PeriodicalId":34686,"journal":{"name":"Archeion","volume":"44 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91337978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"„Dokumenty osobiste” z okresu I wojny światowej w serii wydawniczej Naczelnej Dyrekcji Archiwów Państwowych","authors":"Piotr Cichoracki","doi":"10.4467/26581264arc.22.003.16464","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4467/26581264arc.22.003.16464","url":null,"abstract":"Artykuł jest szczegółową, krytyczną recenzją 7-tomowej edycji dokumentów źródłowych pt. „Wielka Wojna – codzienność niecodzienności. Biblioteka pamiętników z I wojny światowej z zasobu polskich archiwów państwowych”, wydanej w latach 2014–2021 nakładem Naczelnej Dyrekcji Archiwów Państwowych. Poszczególne tomy serii zawierają opracowane naukowo dokumenty pamiętnikarskie z okresu I wojny światowej. Zarówno diariusze, jak i wspomnienia wchodzące w skład serii łączy wątek wojennych losów ich autorów i obrazu życia codziennego podczas wojny na ziemiach polskich. Autor przeanalizował i ocenił tomy serii pod kątem doboru wykorzystanych źródeł pamiętnikarskich, ich opracowania edytorskiego, układu poszczególnych tomów i aparatu naukowego. Odniósł się ponadto do kwestii opracowania naukowego poszczególnych tomów; zawarł także wiele rekomendacji i wniosków dla wydawcy odnoszących się do poprawy zakresu i jakości przygotowania edytorskiego źródeł pamiętnikarskich do publikacji.\u0000\u0000Personal documents from the period of World War I in the publishing series of the Head Office of State Archives\u0000\u0000The article offers a detailed critical review of the 7-volume edition of source documents entitled \"Wielka Wojna – codzienność niecodzienności. Biblioteka pamiętników z I wojny światowej z zasobu polskich archiwów państwowych\" [The Great War – the everyday of the extraordinary. The library of World War I diaries from the fonds of Polish state archives]. It is a library of World War I diaries from the fonds of Polish state archives, published in 2014–2021 by the Head Office of State Archives. Individual volumes of the series comprise academically compiled diary documents from the World War I period. The diaries and memoirs included in the series are linked by the theme of their authors’ fates during the war and depictions of daily life in wartime Polish lands. The author analysed and evaluated the publication from the perspective of selection of diary sources used, their editorial preparation, layout of individual volumes, as well as the scholarly apparatus. He also addressed the issue of the academic preparation of individual volumes; he included a number of recommendations and conclusions for the publisher, regarding the improvement of scope and quality of the editorial preparation of diary sources for publication.","PeriodicalId":34686,"journal":{"name":"Archeion","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90096182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"System elektronicznego zarządzania dokumentacją EZD PUW… a wewnętrzne normatywy regulujące zarządzanie dokumentacją w jednostkach administracji samorządowej i rządowej w terenie (2011–2021). Wybrane aspekty","authors":"M. Smoczyński","doi":"10.4467/26581264arc.22.004.16465","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4467/26581264arc.22.004.16465","url":null,"abstract":"The EZD PUW electronic records management system vs. internal norms governing records management in local and state government units in the field (2011–2021). Selected aspects. The article is a report from a survey concerning operation of the Podlaskie Voivodship Office’s Electronic Documents Management system (hereinafter: EZD PUW), which is the second most implemented EDM-type system in public administration in Poland. The aim of the survey was to determine how the implementation of EZD PUW affects the operation of the Office’s registry, the workflow of documents and procedures for handling and documenting cases. The text comprises an introductory part, a discussion of the method of collecting and analysing source materials, and a presentation of the results divided into two perspectives – for the offices that indicated the traditional system as their primary method of documenting the course of handling and resolving cases, and for those offices that recognized the EDM system as their main documentation management environment. The survey covered 163 offices of self-government and government administration units, which implemented the EZD PUW system in 2011–2022. The group included 133 Municipal Offices (urban, rural and mixed), 32 County Offices, 13 Voivodship Offices and five Marshal’s Offices. The author analysed responses to a survey addressed to the selected offices, as well as the internal regulations, provided by the respondents, determining procedures for management of electronic records, supplementary to the basic office and archival manuals required by law. The survey revealed lack of uniformity of internal regulations regarding the implementation of the EZD PUW system and its operation in individual offices, both in case of implementation of fully electronic document workflow and in case of hybrid solutions. According to the researcher, such diversity of solutions translates into heterogeneity in the operation of offices themselves as well as in the documentation of their activities. According to the author, such a situation is undesirable in the field of public administration operations. Two main reasons for this state of affairs were indicated. The first is the applicability of the 2011 framework state regulations governing the organization of clerical work in public administration in Poland, which are not adapted to the current electronic office solutions. The second is the supervision policy on the part of the state archives with regard to the growing archival resource, inadequate to modern needs of an electronic chancellery. There are two appendices to the article, containing lists of internal regulations affecting the handling of records. Changing legal regulations, development of new, but disparate tools supporting records management, as well as the growing volume of electronic documentation produced, among other things, have made it necessary for state archives to develop appropriate methods for conducting archival audits. The","PeriodicalId":34686,"journal":{"name":"Archeion","volume":"206 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82832026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Czy plastik może rozpocząć nową erę w archiwizacji danych?","authors":"Agnieszka Lizak, R. Szweda","doi":"10.4467/26581264arc.22.014.16667","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4467/26581264arc.22.014.16667","url":null,"abstract":"With the rapid development of information technology, many aspects of our lives are undergoing a digital transformation. An increasing number of users are going online every year, and constantly improving artificial intelligence is gaining popularity, which leads to the growing production of information. Nowadays, information is usually stored in data centres, which will be forced to increase their space with the constant flow of new bits of information. Together with the increase in their space, energy consumption and associated maintenance costs are escalating. In 2021, global data centre power consumption was 220–320 TWh, which is about 0.9–1.3% of global power consumption. Continuous power supply for database operations is responsible for about 1% of total carbon dioxide emissions. Furthermore, it has already been reported that with the exponentially growing amount of data, in about 20 years, the amount of silicon for microprocessors will no longer be sufficient to store all the information. Therefore, scientists are looking for alternatives to the currently used data storage solutions and are developing new technologies using chemical molecules. Recently, even plastic has been explored as a data carrier. In this work, we present examples of new technologies for data storage in polymers. We have discussed polymers as data carriers in comparison with currently used solutions and deliberated whether plastic can become a future material for information archiving.","PeriodicalId":34686,"journal":{"name":"Archeion","volume":"52 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81876816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"O idei archiwum. Kilka uwag","authors":"R. Stobiecki","doi":"10.4467/26581264arc.22.007.16468","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4467/26581264arc.22.007.16468","url":null,"abstract":"The idea of an archive. A few remarks The article is a reflection on the so-called “archival turn” – a movement in the humanities that emerged in the 1990s. The author contemplates three ideas of an archive, characteristic for this movement: those presented by the French philosophers – Paul Ricoeur, who links the idea of an archive with historical epistemology, demonstrating its primarily scientific function, and Michel Foucault with his oppressive, power-related role of the archive, as well as that of the German anthropologist Aleida Assmann, who situates the archive in the dialectical relationship between memory and oblivion, seeing it as a kind of a mental anchor that roots us in the past. The author concludes that these three contemporary thinkers effected what could be called a desacralization of the archive. Instead of a “sacred place” where traces of the past are preserved, accessible only to the initiated, they outline concepts with a more pragmatic dimension, occasionally revealing the oft-hidden functions of the archive, related to its place in public life. At the same time, they inspire answers to the question of why do we need archives? After all, they are no longer just a place to store documents and preserve them. Archivists and historians are no longer the only actors responsible for storing and interpreting documents. The author emphasizes that the ideas presented in the text may provide a motivation to depart from the metaphors of the archive as a trace, memento, artifact or document, in favour of a description of materiality and objects. To some extent, they also indirectly address the process of structuring archival practices, often involving an ethical dimension. They inspire the question: what is subject to archiving and what is not, how is the material selected, what is the responsibility of the archivist with regard to building a specific narrative around the fonds? The study is concluded with an observation that time will tell whether all the numerous activities designed to commemorate the past would give rise to a new model of archives that would respond differently, or maybe better, to the challenges of the present.","PeriodicalId":34686,"journal":{"name":"Archeion","volume":"53 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90829024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Web archives as research infrastructure for digital societies: the case study of Arquivo.pt","authors":"Daniel Gomes","doi":"10.4467/26581264arc.22.012.16665","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4467/26581264arc.22.012.16665","url":null,"abstract":"Humans are the dominant species on Earth. Our advantage comes from our unique capacity of organising at large scale to reach common goals. In digital societies, organising requires communicating information and these days, most of it is published exclusively online. The problem is that online information disappears quickly, after a few months. Humanity’s dependence on online information is strong but still recent and the consequences of losing the historical perspective over online data are yet to be seen. Web archives are digital preservation systems that collect, store and provide access to historical web data. Scientific researchers have been using web archives. However, web archives should also be used by the wider public so that they may serve digital societies. Arquivo.pt is a public web archive started in 2007 that enables search and access to historical information preserved from the Web since the 1990s. This article presents Arquivo. pt as a case study for a research infrastructure that has been developed to serve wider communities at national and international levels. The article shares the main lessons learned so that other web archiving initiatives may arise and be developed at a faster pace. It describes the existing tools and activities which enable exploration of historical web-archived collections. Finally, it presents challenges related to creating web archives and proposes actions to address them.","PeriodicalId":34686,"journal":{"name":"Archeion","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75809852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}