Heart and Mind最新文献

{"title":"Cardiopulmonary exercise testing in heart failure risk assessment and prognosis","authors":"J. Laukkanen, S. Kunutsor","doi":"10.4103/hm.hm_57_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/hm.hm_57_22","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":34653,"journal":{"name":"Heart and Mind","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47990755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exercise and the brain in cardiovascular disease: A narrative review","authors":"Jenna L. Taylor","doi":"10.4103/hm.hm_50_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/hm.hm_50_22","url":null,"abstract":"Patients with cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) (including heart failure) are at increased risk of cognitive impairment and dementia. Vascular risk factors contribute to cognitive decline through cerebral small vessel diseases, pathological brain changes, and hypoperfusion. Habitual exercise and increased cardiorespiratory fitness are associated with higher cognitive function, greater cerebral blood flow, and attenuation of the decline in gray matter volume and white matter integrity. Furthermore, moderate-vigorous exercise training has been shown to improve cognitive function in healthy middle-aged and older adults. Cardiac rehabilitation (CR) is a class 1A recommendation for patients with CVD, which involves exercise training and intensive risk factor modification. This article reviews the current evidence for the effect of exercise-based CR on cognitive function, cerebrovascular function, and brain structure in patients with CVDs. Overall, exercise-based CR appears to improve global cognitive function and attention-psychomotor functions but not language processes. Furthermore, the effect of exercise-based CR on executive function and memory is less clear and there is limited research into the effect of exercise-based CR on cerebrovascular function and brain structure.","PeriodicalId":34653,"journal":{"name":"Heart and Mind","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41945089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The interaction between exercise and cardiovascular disease","authors":"Steven Bailey","doi":"10.4103/hm.hm_3_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/hm.hm_3_23","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":34653,"journal":{"name":"Heart and Mind","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47701493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improving fitness through exercise will improve our heart and mind","authors":"C. Lavie, Icey Zhang, Doris G. Yang, Meiyan Liu","doi":"10.4103/hm.hm_59_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/hm.hm_59_22","url":null,"abstract":"In the interview, Prof. Carl “Chip” J. Lavie gave suggestions on daily exercise, shared impressive cases of cardiovascular disease (CVD) patients, gave professional explanations of weight management and CVD outcomes, etc. His major viewpoints are: (a) psychological stress is a major risk factor for CVDs, (b) a low-level physical activity contributes to a high prevalence of most CVD risk factors, and regular exercise training can improve cardiac function and aerobic performance, and (c) the prognosis and survival among CVD patients with low physical activity are better in the obese than the lean.","PeriodicalId":34653,"journal":{"name":"Heart and Mind","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46995471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Proposing an #EASIER cardiopulmonary rehabilitation protocol for coronavirus disease 2019 survivors","authors":"Cássia da Luz Goulart, R. Silva, M. Oliveira, G. Back, Ross Arena, M. Faghy, A. Borghi-Silva","doi":"10.4103/hm.hm_28_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/hm.hm_28_22","url":null,"abstract":"The economic and social impact that coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) can bring is undeniable since high numbers of active workers in production and service provision are being contaminated. In addition, those infected may have long-term sequelae, impairing their functional capacity, and consequently, their work activities. It considers that intervention in cardiopulmonary rehabilitation is of great importance, especially in the recovery stage, and should be carried out mainly with the aim of improving dyspnea, severe muscle weakness, and fatigue, to promote functional independence, and increase quality of life. Based on the limitations demonstrated in COVID-19 survivors, we developed a protocol based on the acronym #EASIER, which is divided into six phases. Such a study will be able to early identify the impact of COVID-19 in different severities as well as provide subsidies to guide physiotherapists early, through the correct prescription of rehabilitative interventional measures.","PeriodicalId":34653,"journal":{"name":"Heart and Mind","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44948455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The heart and brain connection: Contribution of cardiovascular disease to vascular depression – A narrative review","authors":"Augusto Vicario, GustavoHernán Cerezo","doi":"10.4103/hm.hm-d-23-00016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/hm.hm-d-23-00016","url":null,"abstract":"The relationship between depression and cardiovascular disease (CVD) is bidirectional. Depression is a risk factor for developing CVD, and this, together with vascular risk factors (VascRFs), increases vulnerability to precipitate some types of geriatric depression (vascular depression). The particular semiology of depression of vascular origin (polymorphic), the symptoms of the comorbidities (vascular disease and/or risk factors), and those symptoms of old age constitute a challenge for clinical medicine. Although the diagnostic criteria of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth/Fifth Edition do not differentiate between early-onset (young adult) and late-onset depression (older adult), the clinical expression of patients with depression of vascular origin presents its own characteristics as well as a poor response to treatment. Thus, cerebrovascular disease could be considered the link between VascRFs and the clinical expression of mood disorders (vascular depression), creating a challenge not only in its diagnosis but also in its treatment.","PeriodicalId":34653,"journal":{"name":"Heart and Mind","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135838570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Disparities in health-related quality of life among adults with ischemic heart disease, stroke, and both conditions: A cross-sectional study","authors":"MollyM Jacobs, Elizabeth Evans, CharlesJr Ellis","doi":"10.4103/hm.hm-d-23-00025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/hm.hm-d-23-00025","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Notable disparities exist in ischemic heart disease (IHD) and stroke outcomes. Studies have identified several causal factors that contribute to these disparities, but few have assessed the disparate quality of life (QOL) among individuals living with IHD, stroke, or both. This study evaluated the impact of IHD, stroke, and both conditions on health-related QOL (HRQOL) and quantified existing disparities. Materials and Methods: Using the data from the 2021 National Health Interview Survey, we calculated the health and activities limitation index — a generic HRQOL measure comprising perceived health and activities limitations — for 29,482 adults. Adjusting for sex, age, income, education, urbanicity, marital status, household size, region of residence, and insurance status, the differences in HRQOL between racial and ethnic groups were estimated as well as racial/ethnic differences in the HRQOL of IHD, stroke, or both conditions. Results: Compared to those with neither condition, individuals with IHD (−0.214, Standard Error (SE)=0.015, stroke (−0.291, SE=0.028), and both (−0.438, SE=0.040) had 20% to 44% lower HRQOL. Blacks (−0.014, SE=0.004) and hispanics (−0.012, SE=0.003) had lower HRQOL compared to whites even after sample heterogeneity. Diagnosis with stroke (−0.182, SE=0.082), IHD (−0.137, SE=0.052), or both (−0.208, SE=0.126) lowered the HRQOL more for black individuals compared to white individuals, while other subgroups showed no statistically significant difference in HRQOL. In general, sex, age, and household composition showed little difference in adjusted HRQOL. Conclusion: While IHD and stroke are independently associated with significantly low HRQOL, their co-occurrence has a substantially negative impact on HRQOL, particularly among minoritized racial groups.","PeriodicalId":34653,"journal":{"name":"Heart and Mind","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135844258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Existential suffering, futility, and the mental stress of moral distress in health care","authors":"Philip Crowell","doi":"10.4103/hm.hm_30_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/hm.hm_30_22","url":null,"abstract":"This article explores the relationship of existential suffering and moral distress by examining life-threatening medical situations and the distress on persons engaged in medical ethics decision-making. The aim and focus are to articulate how existential suffering experienced by the patient and family generates moral distress in the health-care team as they perceive ongoing treatments as futile. Suffering and existential suffering pose a challenge ethically and therapeutically on a number of levels, first in terms of determining what a patient wants to be addressed or what a substitute decision-maker needs to consider in fulfilling the best interests of the patient who is suffering. Second, when there are unrelenting and intolerable sufferings, a difficult medical assessment is sometimes made that any further treatments are “futile,” which leads to conflict with the family and moral distress for the medical team. Moral distress and mental stress have physiological, psychological, social/behavioral, and existential-spiritual dimensions. Existential suffering consists of a constellation of factors, not only severe pain but also the inclusion of harms from the illness, which are irreversible, irremediable, and unrelenting, adding to the total suffering. This article argues that the existential suffering of the patient and family has a special moral status that significantly and legitimately guides decisions at the end of life, and addressing the existential suffering of the patient/family can relieve levels of moral distress for the health-care team.","PeriodicalId":34653,"journal":{"name":"Heart and Mind","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49649769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stressors and cardiovascular disease","authors":"I. Laher","doi":"10.4103/hm.hm_56_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/hm.hm_56_22","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":34653,"journal":{"name":"Heart and Mind","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45406687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Medical maximizing-minimizing preferences and health beliefs associated with emergency department patients' intentions to take a cardiac stress test after receiving information about testing","authors":"Andrew J. Foy, A. Bucher, L. V. Van Scoy, Laura D. Scherer","doi":"10.4103/hm.hm_48_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/hm.hm_48_21","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The Medical Maximizer-Minimizer Scale (MMS) has been validated to predict preferences for health-care service use on hypothetical vignettes in nonclinical cohorts. Using mixed methods, we sought to determine whether it would predict preferences for cardiac stress testing in a cohort of emergency department (ED) patients with low-risk chest pain within the context of the Health Belief Model (HBM). Design: Patients who met the definition for low-risk chest pain and who were eligible to take a cardiac stress test before being discharged from the hospital were recruited to participate. Each participant provided demographic information and completed the MMS-10 paper-and-pencil scale. They then watched a 7-min informational video on an iPad tablet that provided information about the condition of “low-risk chest pain” and the probabilities of results and outcomes following a cardiac stress test. After the video, participants answered a one-question survey on their intention-to-take (ITT) a cardiac stress test or not and were then interviewed about factors that influenced their decision-making. Interviews were interpreted using a HBM lens. Results: Sixty participants were enrolled in the study who were between the ages of 29 and 80 years with a mean age of 53 (± 10.8); 58% were women and 90% were white. The mean MMS score was 4.6 (± 0.8) and ranged from 2.6 to 6.8. Minimizers accounted for 25% (n = 15) of the cohort while maximizers accounted for 75% (n = 45). MMS scores followed a normal distribution and were found to be mildly correlated with ITT scores (r = 0.25; P = 0.051). The mean ITT scores for individuals with MMS scores in the 1st and 4th quartiles were 3.9 ± 2.2 and 5.9 ± 1.7, respectively. After watching the informational video, individuals' perceptions related to the: (1) low threat posed by the condition, (2) low utility (low benefits + significant barriers) of taking a cardiac stress test, and (3) high benefits of taking a cardiac stress test were all strongly associated with ITT scores in a directional manner. No direct connection was found between minimizer-maximizer preferences and health beliefs after watching the informational video. This may have been due to sample size and underrepresentation of minimizers in the cohort. Conclusions: MMS and health beliefs predicted preferences for cardiac stress testing in ED patients with low-risk chest pain after viewing an informational video on the topic. However, we did not find direct evidence that the relationship between MMS and decision-making is mediated through the formation of perceptions of threat and utility consistent with the HBM. More research is needed to establish this connection and understand how framing of information in the health-care space may interact with stable personality traits to influence decision-making.","PeriodicalId":34653,"journal":{"name":"Heart and Mind","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46603796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}