Vestnik Urologii最新文献

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Pyeloplasty effectiveness in cases of ureteropelvic junction obstruction in children: methodology and assessment parameters 肾盂输尿管连接处梗阻儿童肾盂成形术的有效性:方法和评估参数
Vestnik Urologii Pub Date : 2021-12-23 DOI: 10.21886/2308-6424-2021-9-4-5-12
V. Sizonov, A. K. Shidaev, M. Kogan
{"title":"Pyeloplasty effectiveness in cases of ureteropelvic junction obstruction in children: methodology and assessment parameters","authors":"V. Sizonov, A. K. Shidaev, M. Kogan","doi":"10.21886/2308-6424-2021-9-4-5-12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21886/2308-6424-2021-9-4-5-12","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents the analysis of published data (Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed/MedLine, The Cochrane Library, and eLIBRARY databases) devoted to the study of existing criteria for assessment of pyeloplasty effectiveness. Published sources most often refer to the dynamics of reduction of the renal collecting system (RCS) and postoperative renal functional status as the assessment criteria. However, there are no consistent values, which could be employed as assessment criteria indicating success as soon as they are registered. The tools used to estimate RCS reduction are not standardized in terms of research techniques, projection of RCS dilatation measurement, and the locations between which renal and pelvic anatomic structures are measured. A variety of approaches to measuring the anteroposterior renal pelvis dimension in children with hydronephrosis tends to blur the analysis of actual pyeloplasty results. This review of published sources demonstrates the lack of agreement as regards the criteria for assessment of pyeloplasty effectiveness. There is a pressing need for appropriate steps to harmonize ultrasonography methods, to standardize the anatomic landmarks for measurement, and to define the criteria to be used to assess the effectiveness of pyeloplasty.","PeriodicalId":345779,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik Urologii","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134516518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Multimodal therapy for oligometastatic prostate cancer: results from a single-centre study 多模式治疗少转移性前列腺癌:来自单中心研究的结果
Vestnik Urologii Pub Date : 2021-12-23 DOI: 10.21886/2308-6424-2021-9-4-70-86
K. Nyushko, V. M. Perepukhov, B. Alekseev
{"title":"Multimodal therapy for oligometastatic prostate cancer: results from a single-centre study","authors":"K. Nyushko, V. M. Perepukhov, B. Alekseev","doi":"10.21886/2308-6424-2021-9-4-70-86","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21886/2308-6424-2021-9-4-70-86","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. In recent years, interest in the use of radical prostatectomy (RPE) as one of the components of a multimodal approach in patients with lymphogenous disseminated and metastatic prostate cancer (PCa) has grown significantly. At the same time, the dearth of large randomized trials does not make it possible to use this technique in wide clinical practice outside of clinical trials.Purpose of the study. To evaluate the effectiveness of multimodal therapy using combined chemo-hormonal, surgical and radiation therapy in patients with primary oligometastatic hormone-sensitive PCa.Material and methods. The study included 48 patients with primary oligometastatic prostate cancer who received combination treatment within the internal one-research-center protocol. At the first stage, all patients underwent combined drug therapy with docetaxel (75 mg/m2 intravenously every 3 weeks for 6 courses) and degarelix. Patients who had a decrease in PSA level ≤ 2 ng/ml and registered stabilization of the disease according to radiological examination were treated surgically through RPE with extended pelvic and retroperitoneal lymph node dissection. Radiation therapy was performed only in patients with the presence of bone lesions at a dose of 50-70 Gy to the location of bone metastases in the stage 3 plan of combined multimodal therapy.Results. PCa biochemical relapse was verified in 27 (56.3%) patients during the median follow-up of 10 months. The average time to PSA increase was 9.0 ± 5.7 months (from 1 to 24 months), median — 7 months, Six-month PSA relapse-free survival (PSA-RFS) was 61.2 ± 7.5%; 1-year PSA-RFS — 38.0 ± 8.6%. The average duration before the initiation of hormonal therapy was 12 ± 6.1 months (from 3 to 27 months), median: 10 months. Six-month survival before the drug administration was 72.6 ± 6.8%; twelve-month survival: 40.9 ± 8.7%. About 40% of patients with oligometastatic PCa had no signs of progression and did not receive any other drug therapy for 12 months after completion of protocol treatment.Conclusions. Analysis of the study results demonstrates satisfactory oncological outcomes of the studied treatment option in patients with newly diagnosed oligometastatic hormone-sensitive PCa, as well as a low likelihood of side effects and complications. Nevertheless, it is necessary to continue conducting larger and more structured randomized trials to determine the possibility of applying this therapeutic approach in clinical practice.","PeriodicalId":345779,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik Urologii","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116216314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Male fertility: a review of the publications from April – June 2021 男性生育:2021年4月至6月的出版物综述
Vestnik Urologii Pub Date : 2021-10-05 DOI: 10.21886/2308-6424-2021-9-3-118-126
D. Rogozin
{"title":"Male fertility: a review of the publications from April – June 2021","authors":"D. Rogozin","doi":"10.21886/2308-6424-2021-9-3-118-126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21886/2308-6424-2021-9-3-118-126","url":null,"abstract":"The article provides an overview of the most significant publications on the topic of male infertility. The main selection criteria were considered the practical significance of the article, as well as the impact factor of the journal in which it was published, according to the SCImago Journal Rank (SJR). As a result, a list of 10 works published in the II quarter (April – June) of 2021 was formed. The review includes articles on the following issues: the effectiveness of repeated micro-TESE in non-obstructive azoospermia, the role of COVID-19 in male fertility, the effect of testosterone therapy on spermatogenesis, testicular microlithiasis, electroejaculation as a method of obtaining spermatozoa, harm from carrying cell phones near the genitals, prediction of the effectiveness of intrauterine insemination, the effect of advanced paternal age on sperm aneuploidy, and the importance of the microbiome for male fertility.","PeriodicalId":345779,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik Urologii","volume":"91 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126824445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Chronic kidney disease in patients with recurrent nephrolithiasis and concomitant damage to the cardiovascular system 慢性肾脏疾病伴复发性肾结石及心血管系统损害
Vestnik Urologii Pub Date : 2021-10-05 DOI: 10.21886/2308-6424-2021-9-3-52-61
R. Royuk, S. Yarovoy
{"title":"Chronic kidney disease in patients with recurrent nephrolithiasis and concomitant damage to the cardiovascular system","authors":"R. Royuk, S. Yarovoy","doi":"10.21886/2308-6424-2021-9-3-52-61","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21886/2308-6424-2021-9-3-52-61","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is commonly diagnosed in patients with cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and also manifests itself in most patients with urolithiasis. Numerous studies have shown that renal dysfunction is not only directly related to the high risk of developing various CVDs and chronic heart failure (CHF) as one of the most common complications but also the mortality rate in comorbid patients. CKD and CHF have similar pathogenetic mechanisms and common target organs; co-existing, both pathological conditions accelerate the progression of major diseases and significantly aggravate their course. In patients with recurrent nephrolithiasis combined with CVDs, all the causes leading to the formation of CKD (recurrent obstructive pyelonephritis, nephroangiosclerosis, etc.) are present to some extent.Purpose of the study. To evaluate the incidence and characteristics of CKD in patients suffering from recurrent urolithiasis associated with CVDs.Materials and methods. The prospective study included 406 patients who were treated for recurrent nephrolithiasis and concomitant CVDs from 2007 to 2020 (Urology Division, Burdenko Principal Military Clinical Hospital). From long-term follow-up respondents who lived at least 10 years after inclusion in the study (n = 52), three groups were formed: group I (n = 18) included patients with a combination of essential hypertension (EH) and ischemic heart disease (IHD), complicated by CHF; group II (n = 15) consisted of patients with uncomplicated CVDs (EH – 7 patients, IHD – 8 patients). The control group III (n = 19) included respondents suffering from nephrolithiasis without CVDs. The glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was determined by the CKD-EPI (Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration) following the Russian National Guidelines for «Chronic Kidney Disease». The analysis of the obtained data was carried out using Statistica 8.0; the Fisher and Wilcoxon criteria were calculated; the differences were considered significant at p < 0.05.Results. All patients included in the study were repeatedly hospitalized urgently and as planned and underwent at least one non-invasive manipulation or surgery. The average age of the patients was 58.9 ± 2.95 years; men predominated (~ 75 – 78%). A GFR decrease was recorded in 41.1% of patients included in the study, in 40.5% of patients with a combination of nephrolithiasis and uncomplicated CVDs, Also, its decrease was found in 60 (58.8%) of patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) in 41.1% of cases from the general sample and 40.5% of patients without CHF. CKD stage II occurred in 44 (43.1%) cases of CHF; CKD stages III Ca and Cb were detected in 10 (9.8%) and 4 (1%) cases, respectively; CKD stage IV developed in 1 (0.25%) patient with one of the re-hospitalizations. Of the 52 patients included in the second study part, the ratio of men and women was 41/11 (78.8 and 21.2%, respectively). All three groups were also dominated by men. The initial values","PeriodicalId":345779,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik Urologii","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131711367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Snodgrass procedure for distal penile and mid-shaft hypospadias repair in children Snodgrass手术修复儿童阴茎远端和中轴尿道下裂
Vestnik Urologii Pub Date : 2021-10-05 DOI: 10.21886/2308-6424-2021-9-3-25-31
S. S. Zadykyan, R. S. Zadykyan, V. Sizonov, I. M. Kagantsov
{"title":"Snodgrass procedure for distal penile and mid-shaft hypospadias repair in children","authors":"S. S. Zadykyan, R. S. Zadykyan, V. Sizonov, I. M. Kagantsov","doi":"10.21886/2308-6424-2021-9-3-25-31","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21886/2308-6424-2021-9-3-25-31","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Hypospadias is one of the most frequent penile malformations in newborn boys. Warren Snodgrass developed the «tubularized incised plate» (TIP) urethroplasty that is the most often procedure used in the surgical treatment of distal hypospadias for the last 20 years. Despite the great popularity of the technique, its no less famous Grafted TIP (GTIP) modification appeared. The technique is aimed at filling the defect in the urethral site with a foreskin free flap followed by tubularized urethroplasty.Purpose of the study. To compare the outcomes of TIP and GTIP procedures in our clinic which have been performed in the last 10 years.Materials and methods. One hundred-fourteen boys with hypospadias (aged 6 mo – 15 years) were operated on using the TIP technique and its modification GTIP during 2010 – 2020 (Sochi Center of Motherhood and Childhood Protection). The patients were: boys up to 1 year – 27 (23.7%), from 1 to 3 years – 57 (50%), 4 – 7 years – 19 (16.7%), from 8 to 14 years – 14 (12.3%). Primary repair was done in 112 cases (98.2%), the second procedure was done in 2 (1.8%) cases. There were 94 (82.5%) boys with distal hypospadias and 20 (17.5%) children with mid-shaft hypospadias. All patients were examined 3 and 12 months after surgery. We assessed the degree of skin scar process on the penile shaft, the location of the meatus and the quality of urination during the examination.Results. We observed 27 (23.7%) complications after urethroplasty out of 114 treated boys. There were 13 (11.4%) cases of urethral fistula, which were secondary repaired 6 months later. Meatal stenosis was observed in 2 (1.8%) cases, which required secondary meatoplasty. Repeat urethroplasty was done in 10 (8.7%) cases due to neourethral suture failure. There were also 2 (1.8%) cases of secondary penile curvature that required repeat surgery. The good cosmetical and functional results were achieved finally in all children.Conclusion. The analysis of our ten-year experience of using TIP-urethroplasty and its GTIP modification did not reveal significant differences in the overall incidence of postoperative complications. Yet, using the TIP procedure is associated with more fistulas. There were more cases of urethral suture failure in children whom the GTIP technique was performed. Our data suggest the need for a selective approach in the formation of indications for using TIP and GTIP procedures, along with research aimed at finding criteria for patient selection.","PeriodicalId":345779,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik Urologii","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126974427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Restoration of erectile function in men after prostate surgery in the immediate postoperative period: the needs assessment for patients and their partners to maintain sexual relations 前列腺手术后即刻期男性勃起功能恢复:患者与性伴维持性关系的需求评估
Vestnik Urologii Pub Date : 2021-10-05 DOI: 10.21886/2308-6424-2021-9-3-12-18
N. Anisimov, E. Kulchavenya, D. Kholtobin
{"title":"Restoration of erectile function in men after prostate surgery in the immediate postoperative period: the needs assessment for patients and their partners to maintain sexual relations","authors":"N. Anisimov, E. Kulchavenya, D. Kholtobin","doi":"10.21886/2308-6424-2021-9-3-12-18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21886/2308-6424-2021-9-3-12-18","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Despite the advances in the modern pharmacopoeia, a significant place is given to surgical methods of treating benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and prostate cancer (PCa). In the postoperative period in men, sexual function usually deteriorates.Purpose of the study. To study the needs of men after prostate surgery and their sexual partners in restoring their previous sexual life.Materials and methods. The pilot open-label prospective randomized non-comparative study included 50 patients in the age range of 53 – 74 years (average 58.3 years). All patients were consistently admitted and operated on at the “Avicenna” Medical Centre, Ltd. (Novosibirsk) from January to December 2020. Upon admission, all patients completed the International Index of Erectile Function (ICEF) questionnaire; one month later, this questionnaire was re-completed, supplemented with five questions.Results. Twenty-one patients were admitted with a diagnosis of PCa T1c – T2N0M0, all of them underwent laparoscopic prostatectomy with lymphadenectomy. Twenty-nine patients were operated on for BPH. They underwent transurethral resection with a bipolar resectoscope. Only 6 patients (12%) had no comorbidities. Surgical intervention worsened sexual function in all patients, while in men aged 50 – 59 years, the IIEF score decreased by 61.0%, at the age of 60 – 69 years by 39.0%, in patients over 70 years old by 55.2%. Eighteen (36.0%) patients showed interest in restoring sexual function. Thirty-two (64%) patients were against the continuation of sexual activity with the following motivation: 19 (59.4%) – lack of desire for a sexual partner, 8 (25.0%) – lack of desire of the patient himself, 5 (15.6%) – unwillingness to re-operated. Nineteen women out of 36 stable couples (52.8%) objected to the restoration of the sexual function of their sexual partners.Conclusion. Prostate surgery affects male sexual function more severely in younger patients. Thirty-two patients after surgery refused to restore sexual activity, in more than half of cases (59.4%) due to the unwillingness of the sexual partner to resume sexual relations.","PeriodicalId":345779,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik Urologii","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132110706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Assessment of the infectious factor in transurethral surgery of benign prostate hyperplasia 经尿道良性前列腺增生手术中感染因素的评价
Vestnik Urologii Pub Date : 2021-10-05 DOI: 10.21886/2308-6424-2021-9-3-79-91
Юлия Лазаревна Набока, M. Kogan, Y. Naboka, S. Ivanov
{"title":"Assessment of the infectious factor in transurethral surgery of benign prostate hyperplasia","authors":"Юлия Лазаревна Набока, M. Kogan, Y. Naboka, S. Ivanov","doi":"10.21886/2308-6424-2021-9-3-79-91","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21886/2308-6424-2021-9-3-79-91","url":null,"abstract":"Performing surgical interventions for benign prostate hyperplasia against the background of chronic urinary tract infection or prostatitis can adversely affect the course of the postoperative period and mediate the development of complications. Therefore, it is important to understand the pre- and postoperative bacterial status of the patients in various endourological surgical techniques and its relationship with possible infectious complications. This review raises the problem of insufficient knowledge regarding the clinical structure of infections during transurethral surgery, assessment of their relationship with the course of the underlying pathology and the severity of symptoms.","PeriodicalId":345779,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik Urologii","volume":"57 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134391895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The three-dimensional reconstruction of the dilated renal pelvicalyceal system by non-enhanced computed tomography 非增强计算机断层扫描扩张肾盆腔系统的三维重建
Vestnik Urologii Pub Date : 2021-10-05 DOI: 10.21886/2308-6424-2021-9-3-19-24
B. Guliev, B. Komyakov, A. Talyshinskiy
{"title":"The three-dimensional reconstruction of the dilated renal pelvicalyceal system by non-enhanced computed tomography","authors":"B. Guliev, B. Komyakov, A. Talyshinskiy","doi":"10.21886/2308-6424-2021-9-3-19-24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21886/2308-6424-2021-9-3-19-24","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. The three-dimensional reconstruction of the renal pelvicalyceal system (PCS) is possible when performing enhanced computed tomography (CT). However, the use of a contrast agent has its limitations associated with the presence of allergy and chronic kidney disease.Purpose of the study. To describe the method of semi-autonomous three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction of the PCS based on non-enhanced CT images of patients with upper urinary tract obstruction.Materials and methods. Five patients diagnosed with renal colic were recruited from April-May 2021. All patients underwent CT-urography after informed consent. Medical Imaging Interaction Toolkit program (MITK) expanded with explainable update were used for 3D-reconstruction of PCS via excretory and native phases. To assess the accuracy of the latter, both contrast and non-contrast models were compared regarding their surface area. Also, the PCS of one patient was used to reconstruct virtual endoscopic views based on enhanced and non-enhanced models. Five urologists estimated their similarity and potential use of non-enhanced models for the interventional planning via a Likert scale questionnaire. The resulting models were also analyzed by programmer-engineers to test their suitability for 3D-printing.Results. The average surface area of enhanced and non-enhanced models was 3291 mm2 and 2879 mm2, respectively. Obtained models were suitable for their intraluminal reconstruction and potential 3D-printing. Analyzed properties of non-enhanced models were estimated at 4.5 out of 5.0.Conclusion. The described semi-autonomous reconstruction of the renal PCS based on non-enhanced CT images allows for a short time to reconstruct its 3D-view in patients with the upper urinary tract obstruction.","PeriodicalId":345779,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik Urologii","volume":"104 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116920624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Non-antibacterial methods for the prevention and treatment of recurrent lower urinary tract infections 预防和治疗复发性下尿路感染的非抗菌方法
Vestnik Urologii Pub Date : 2021-10-05 DOI: 10.21886/2308-6424-2021-9-3-92-106
N. Kubin, O. Volkova, D. Shkarupa
{"title":"Non-antibacterial methods for the prevention and treatment of recurrent lower urinary tract infections","authors":"N. Kubin, O. Volkova, D. Shkarupa","doi":"10.21886/2308-6424-2021-9-3-92-106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21886/2308-6424-2021-9-3-92-106","url":null,"abstract":"Urinary tract infections are widespread throughout the world and occupy one of the leading places among infectious diseases. Antibacterial methods are the basis of modern treatment standards. At the same time, a widespread increase in antibiotic resistance of the main uropathogens is currently observed. In clinical practice, recurrent lower urinary tract infections are increasingly common. Following this, the main task of the doctor is to maximize the recurrence-free interval. Given the obvious negative collateral effect of long-term antibiotic prophylaxis, specialists are increasingly turning to alternative methods. Non-antibacterial preventive measures are aimed at key links in the pathogenesis of the disease, such as counteracting the penetration and adhesion of uropathogens, as well as stimulating the immune system of the macroorganism. The available physicians' toolkit includes pharmacological agents (d-mannose, methenamine hippurate, estrogens, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, probiotics, intravesical glycosaminoglycans, immunostimulants and vaccines), natural uroantiseptics (medicinal herbs and cranberry products), as well as behavioural therapy. The main advantages of non-antibacterial methods for the treatment and prevention of lower urinary tract infections are environmental friendliness. It is associated with the absence of a negative effect on the commensal flora, as well as a reduction in the risk of developing antibiotic resistance. The current guidelines provide very limited information on the application of this approach to treatment. Published studies indicate the high potential of non-antibacterial methods, some of which are comparable in effectiveness to standard therapy. However, the quality of studies and the lack of drug use standards do not allow including this approach in the existing guidelines. The need for new, high-quality clinical trials is evident.","PeriodicalId":345779,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik Urologii","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128342494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The value of the analysis of the urinary stones for studying the features of urolithiasis pathogenesis 泌尿系结石分析对研究尿石症发病机制的价值
Vestnik Urologii Pub Date : 2021-10-05 DOI: 10.21886/2308-6424-2021-9-3-44-51
D. G. Lebedev, V. Smirnova, S. Lapin, O. O. Burlaka, E. Rozengauz, V. Emanuel
{"title":"The value of the analysis of the urinary stones for studying the features of urolithiasis pathogenesis","authors":"D. G. Lebedev, V. Smirnova, S. Lapin, O. O. Burlaka, E. Rozengauz, V. Emanuel","doi":"10.21886/2308-6424-2021-9-3-44-51","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21886/2308-6424-2021-9-3-44-51","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Urolithiasis is a multifactorial recurrent disease, unevenly spread throughout the world and characterizedby the formation of urinary stones of various chemical compositions, depending on pathogenesis, etiological, and epidemiological risk factors. Understanding the composition of chemicals and their prevailing ratios can help make decisions about treatment tactics, preventive measures to reduce the risk of recurrence and the prevalence of urolithiasis.Purpose of the study. To assess the distribution of chemical components in urinary stones along with an analysis of their population significance.Materials and methods. The urinary stones were obtained from 2854 patients with urolithiasis. The composition of urinary stones was analyzed by using an infrared spectroscopy method.Results. The predominance of oxalate stones was determined in multicomponent kidney stones (83,7%) and the prevalence of urate stones (54,2%) was revealed in monocomponent kidney stones. Urinary stones with a predominance of oxalates contained significantly fewer impurities (12.4%) than urinary stones with a predominance of urates, phosphates and carbonates with an average amount of impurities >24.0%.Conclusion. The analysis of urinary stones distribution based on pathogenic factors showed that the calcium metabolism disturbances prevail in the population of the Russian Federation (88.0%).","PeriodicalId":345779,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik Urologii","volume":"258 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132023495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
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