{"title":"Modeling of equivalent strain in 2D cross-sections of open die forged components using neural networks","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.aime.2024.100152","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aime.2024.100152","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Open die forging is one of the oldest manufacturing methods known to remove defects in the ingot resulting from the casting process. The improved properties of the final component are highly dependent on the strain distribution. Although sinusoidal equations and empirical formulations have been already used to estimate the strain, they have been applied only to the core of the workpiece. In this work, a novel approach is presented to model the equivalent strain distribution in 2D cross-sections, in the direction of the press, of open die forged components using neural networks. The proposed method efficiently combines a parametric sinusoidal function with a neural network to learn the complex relationships between the process parameters and the resulting local strain. The neural network is trained on a dataset of finite element (FE) simulations of rectangular geometries that cover a wide range of aspect ratios, bite ratios, and height reductions. The presented methodology with near real-time prediction capabilities shows good agreement with FE results. Moreover, the parametric function captures the characteristic pattern of the strain distribution and reveals certain physical relationships affecting the deformation of the material. These patterns are later examined by analyzing the parameters identified in the parametric sinusoidal function.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34573,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142534310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Influence on micro-geometry and surface characteristics of laser powder bed fusion built 17-4 PH miniature spur gears in laser shock peening","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.aime.2024.100151","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aime.2024.100151","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Micro-geometrical errors, surface roughness, and surface integrity (microstructure, residual stresses, microhardness) play an important role in defining the quality of the gears as they directly affect their noise, vibration characteristics and service life during their use. In the present work, underwater laser shock peening (LSP) is employed to improve the quality of the laser powder bed fusion built 17-4 PH small-size spur gears (12 mm outside diameter). LSP was employed near the spur gear root, and effects were measured in terms of residual stresses, variation in microgeometry errors, surface roughness, porosity, microstructure, and microhardness. It was observed that LSP could impart compressive residual stresses up to 0.4 mm of measured depth, while the surface roughness has improved by 32%. Microgeometry and microhardness of gears showed minor variations. Additionally, LSP has shown an impact on the microstructure as the grain orientation was altered and grain size reduced by 15.6% due to shock wave transmission. The study paves the way to use LSP as a post-processing technique to modify the surface characteristics of LPBF-built miniature spur gears with minimal impact on the gear microgeometry.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34573,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142423092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An inline point-tracking approach for the real-time monitoring of the free-form bending process","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.aime.2024.100150","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aime.2024.100150","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In order to make free-form bending a process of choice for the manufacturing of structural components, a robust strategy for process monitoring is required. Although the technology is particularly suitable for the production of bending components with variable and complex geometry, fluctuations in the process conditions, as well as in the quality of the semi-finished products can results in geometrical deviations from the target geometry. Currently, the quality assessment of the bent components can be done only offline by random sampling, with a considerable time and cost effort. In this contribution, a real-time process monitoring is realised and applied to free-form bending for the first time. First of all, an inline strategy based on single-point tracking for the assessment of the geometry is investigated through an extensive numerical sensitivity analysis. Successively, the method is implemented experimentally and validated with real tests. Finally, a small-batch series of deviating components is produced, and the developed strategy is adopted to perform a real-time process monitoring. The study highlights the potential of an inline measurement strategy for the process monitoring in free-form bending, and its advantages compared to the current offline methods.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34573,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666912924000151/pdfft?md5=5e481947cae14eb5983b1e08aef6868c&pid=1-s2.0-S2666912924000151-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142089526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Experimental investigations on the formation mechanisms of shrink lines in powder bed fusion of metals using a laser beam","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.aime.2024.100149","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aime.2024.100149","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The powder bed fusion of metals using a laser beam enables the tool-free fabrication of complex part geometries with merging areas and rapid cross-sectional changes. Together, these geometry features represent a structural transition leading to the formation of shrink lines. These notches on the surface of the part reduce the dimensional accuracy and the fatigue resistance. Shrink lines arise in various materials, with the dimensions of the shrink line depending on the geometric design. The formation mechanisms and influencing parameters of shrink lines have not been investigated yet. This paper demonstrates the extent of influence of the part geometry on the shrink line formation, which was quantified by varying the design of a representative structural transition. In addition, the positions of the specimens on the build platform and the scanning strategy were varied for deriving a cause-effect relationship using process monitoring. The results demonstrated that the shrink line formation was mainly caused by a local overheating at the structural transition and the global cooling behavior. The radius at the structural transition indicated the most significant impact among the investigated geometric parameters. The shrink line dimensions depended significantly on the orientation of the specimens on the build platform and the local scanning strategy applied at the height of the structural transition. The results can be used to reduce shrink lines by re-designing the part and to adjust the manufacturing strategy for structural transitions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34573,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S266691292400014X/pdfft?md5=611e578bed454a8d49c4e686c2e1edfa&pid=1-s2.0-S266691292400014X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141993806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A strain acceleration method to identify the onset of diffuse necking","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.aime.2024.100148","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aime.2024.100148","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper presents an innovative ‘strain acceleration method’ for determining the onset of diffuse necking in sheet forming tests using data obtained from digital image correlation (DIC). The method identifies the onset time of diffuse necking and provides the corresponding in-plane principal strain values by detecting a local extreme in the second derivative of the minor principal in-plane strain with respect to time at the edges of the sheet surface region where diffuse necking occurs. Results obtained from applying the method to tensile testing on two different materials and comparisons with available methods based on force-time or principal strain rate evolutions confirm its accuracy and validity. The new method was implemented in a computer software to be used for research and education that also enables determination of localized necking and fracture and plotting the strain loading paths in principal strain space.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34573,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666912924000138/pdfft?md5=05a7a126b23a33d6522153ff66697659&pid=1-s2.0-S2666912924000138-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141961190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Philipp Lennemann, Joshua Grodotzki, Y. Korkolis, A. Tekkaya
{"title":"Erratum to “Influence of changing loading directions on damage in sheet metal forming” [Adv. Ind. Manuf. Eng. 8 (2024) 100139]","authors":"Philipp Lennemann, Joshua Grodotzki, Y. Korkolis, A. Tekkaya","doi":"10.1016/j.aime.2024.100147","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aime.2024.100147","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":34573,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141845945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tero Kaarlela , Tero Niemi , Tomi Pitkäaho , Jari Harjula
{"title":"Retrofitting enables sustainability, Industry 4.0 connectivity, and improved usability","authors":"Tero Kaarlela , Tero Niemi , Tomi Pitkäaho , Jari Harjula","doi":"10.1016/j.aime.2024.100146","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aime.2024.100146","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Retrofitting is a sustainable approach to improving the capabilities and extending the life of aging machine tools. Reusing the mechanical construction and replacing only the control electronics and software is a viable option to upgrade an aging machine tool to a cutting-edge level. During the last decades, the evolution of machine tools has focused on developing computer numerical control (CNC) rather than on mechanical construction. Retrofitting the CNC enables Industry 4.0 connectivity and improved usability sustainably, preserving finite raw material resources and reducing carbon emissions created during the casting process of heavy blank parts for physically large machine tools.</p><p>This publication presents methods to retrofit machine tools using open-source CNC software and a feasibility study after seven years of operation. Our study highlights retrofitting as more profitable than repairing an aging CNC and compares the sustainability of retrofitting or replacing the aging machine tool with a new unit. In conclusion, retrofitting enables sustainability, connectivity, and accuracy comparable to modern machine tools. Retrofitting also paves the way for using artificial intelligence to monitor and adapt to tool wear, chatter, and surface roughness.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34573,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666912924000114/pdfft?md5=19e6b3c67119ec1343a8efb47ff495cb&pid=1-s2.0-S2666912924000114-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141298163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A simulated annealing metaheuristic approach to hybrid flow shop scheduling problem","authors":"Mohamed Karim Hajji , Oumayma Hamlaoui , Hatem Hadda","doi":"10.1016/j.aime.2024.100144","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aime.2024.100144","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study investigates a complex hybrid flow shop scheduling problem prevalent in the industrial sector, characterized by dedicated machines, availability dates, and delivery times. The primary objective is to minimize the total completion time (makespan) in a two-stage workshop setting. We conducted a comprehensive literature review, revealing a scarcity of research on this specific configuration, and employed the Simulated Annealing metaheuristic as our main resolution method. Special emphasis was placed on the meticulous parameterization and configuration of this metaheuristic, crucial for navigating the complexity of the problem.</p><p>Our findings demonstrate the remarkable effectiveness of the Simulated Annealing method, particularly in achieving low deviation from the lower bound in larger problem sizes and specific instance classes. This consistency highlights the method’s robustness and suitability for complex scheduling scenarios. The study also reveals varying degrees of problem solvability across different instance classes, with computation times generally reasonable except in more challenging scenarios.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34573,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666912924000096/pdfft?md5=568d8b28e0aa6aad12d2b5e6b96f31cc&pid=1-s2.0-S2666912924000096-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141279797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Hydro-assisted incremental forming (HAIF): A formability-enhanced incremental forming process; presenting an experimental method for determination of forming limits with generalized non-planar stress state","authors":"Afshin Fatemi, Bijan Mollaei Dariani","doi":"10.1016/j.aime.2024.100143","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aime.2024.100143","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Hydro-assisted incremental forming (HAIF) as a hybrid process of incremental forming and hydromechanical deep drawing with enhanced formability resulted of simultaneous exertion of normal and through thickness stresses is introduced in this paper. Based on this process, a test method is invented for experimental and finite element assessment of forming limits under generalized non-planar stress state. Previous analytical forming limit curves predicted by the present authors are evaluated using experimental tests and finite element simulations and good compatibility is observed. It is again confirmed that application of normal and through thickness stresses enhance formability in all strain paths specially in plane strain mode.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34573,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666912924000084/pdfft?md5=f94d73b702c1cd14626da7854b21c90b&pid=1-s2.0-S2666912924000084-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141136399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}