{"title":"Prevention and Decontamination of Chemical, Biological, Radiological, and Nuclear Contaminants for the Emergency Medical Personnel during Ambulance Services","authors":"Dong-min Shin","doi":"10.7599/HMR.2015.35.3.146","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7599/HMR.2015.35.3.146","url":null,"abstract":"The first role and responsibility of emergency ambulance service is to provide a resource to save and serve the patient with the highest quality of care. Second, ambulance services are an option to temporarily provide treatment for an injured or exposed patient while removing decontamination. Lastly, rescue the exposed and or injured patient in the most suitable mode of transportation. These roles are all necessary to maintain a high level of confidence in ambulance practices while adhering to proper protocol transfer for a contaminated patient. Chemical, biological, radiological and nuclear defense (often abbreviated as CBRN defense or CBRND) is the term for protective measures taken in situations in which any of these four hazards are present. To account for improvised devices, the term CBRNe (e for explosives) is also used. CBRN defense consists of CBRN passive protection, contamination avoidance and CBRN mitigation [1]. Hanyang Med Rev 2015;35:146-151 http://dx.doi.org/10.7599/hmr.2015.35.3.146","PeriodicalId":345710,"journal":{"name":"Hanyang Medical Reviews","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115461747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Disaster Planning in Korea","authors":"I. S. Yoo","doi":"10.7599/HMR.2015.35.3.157","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7599/HMR.2015.35.3.157","url":null,"abstract":"In response to modern events, every nation endeavors to develop plans to meet the challenges of disasters, but it is not possible to be prepared for every event and the ability to respond adequately is often limited. In the Republic of Korea, national disaster response efforts are defined by the Korea Basic Law for Disaster and Safety Management of 2004 and the establishment of the National Emergency Management Agency (NEMA) provides a framework for a holistic disaster prevention and recovery plan. However, the tragedy involving the sinking of the Sewol ferry in 2014 revealed a number of flaws in the current Korean disaster response system. In response to the shortcomings demonstrated in the Sewol incident, both NEMA and the Korean Coast Guard dissolved and the Korean disaster response system is being revised under the creation of the new Ministry of Public Safety and Security. However, the current national disaster management system still has many significant underlying and systematic problems that must be addressed. First, there is confusion concerning the responsible governmental organizations that will handle the various aspects of a comprehensive disaster management plan. Second, the relationships between the laws and government organizations involving planning, managing and reporting are in a vertical relationship, while the entities responsible for the actual response efforts exist in a horizontal relationship. This organizational limitation results in a slowdown of communication and confusion between the responsible parties. Thirdly, and consequently, there is a significant lack of unity and organization between the many organization responsible for disaster response. Finally, an efficient, accurate database of resources available to meet disasters remains to be developed. These and other limitations reveal that there is a significant amount of work that remains in order for Korea to have the same level of disaster response system of other developed nations.","PeriodicalId":345710,"journal":{"name":"Hanyang Medical Reviews","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124027009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Education and Training in Disaster Medicine","authors":"M. Choa, Hyunggoo Kang","doi":"10.7599/HMR.2015.35.3.174","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7599/HMR.2015.35.3.174","url":null,"abstract":"Education and training of disaster medicine are the most important part of disaster management. There are so many training and education curriculum all over the world. However education courses based upon core competencies of disaster medicine are lacking. There is still a need to define the specific knowledge, skills, and attitudes that must be mastered by specialized professionals. Standardized core competencies for acute care medical personnel such as emergency department nurses, emergency physicians, and out-of-hospital emergency medical services personnel are needed to ensure that effective emergency medical response can be provided efficiently during all types of disasters. Therefore education and training curriculum of other countries were reviewed in this article.","PeriodicalId":345710,"journal":{"name":"Hanyang Medical Reviews","volume":"127 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124456885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K. Yoo, S. Kim, K. Jung, J. Lee, S. Lim, Min-Young Lee, Haesu Kim, H. Kwon, I. Kim, Jong-Mu Sun, J. Ahn, Keunchil Park, M. Ahn
{"title":"The Continuation of Erlotinib Treatment in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients Whose Brain Lesion Is the Only Site of Progression: Prospective Pilot Study","authors":"K. Yoo, S. Kim, K. Jung, J. Lee, S. Lim, Min-Young Lee, Haesu Kim, H. Kwon, I. Kim, Jong-Mu Sun, J. Ahn, Keunchil Park, M. Ahn","doi":"10.7599/HMR.2015.35.3.180","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7599/HMR.2015.35.3.180","url":null,"abstract":"There have been conflicting reports on the continuation of epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) in patients with newly developed or progressive brain metastasis of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Patients with newly developed or progressive intracranial lesions, but who maintained well-controlled extracranial disease during erlotinib treatment, were enrolled in this study. The proposed therapy included stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS), whole brain radiotherapy (WBRT), and/or surgical resection for intracranial lesions. Erlotinib treatment was continued simultaneously unless extracranial disease progressed. The evaluation of both extra- and intra-cranial lesions was perform ed every 3 months. From October 2009 to June 2012, 14 patients were enrolled in this pilot study. For intracranial disease, 4 patients received SRS alone, 7 patients received both SRS and WBRT, 2 patients received SRS, WBRT and surgical resection, and 1 patient received no local therapy due to the presence of asymptomatic lesions. Of the patients with extracranial disease who were placed on continued erlotinib therapy, 6 patients (42.9%) showed partial response (PR), while 7 patients (50.0%) remained in stable disease (SD). The progression-free survival (PFS) of extracranial and intracranial disease was 11.1 (range 1.6-34.6) and 10.2 (range 1.5-34.6) months, respectively. In 5 cases, brain lesions relapsed before the progression of extracranial disease. Overall survival (OS) was 22.6 (range 2.1-50.4) months. For NSCLC patients with progression of only intracranial disease during erlotinib treatment, the continuation of erlotinib in combination with local therapy to brain metastases can be an effective treatment option.","PeriodicalId":345710,"journal":{"name":"Hanyang Medical Reviews","volume":"84 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115944317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Emergency Medical Services in Disasters","authors":"Chiwon Ahn, Tae-Ho Lim","doi":"10.7599/HMR.2015.35.3.136","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7599/HMR.2015.35.3.136","url":null,"abstract":"Disasters, or mass casualty incidents, occurring in modern history differ from those occurring in even the recent past. In previous times, disasters were mostly the result of natural causes such as earthquakes or floods. Currently, multiple casualty incidents are often the result of human actions such as vehicular accidents involving many vehicles with multiple operators, passengers and collateral victims, terror attacks and acts of war, radiation accidents, toxic chemical releases, and pandemic infectious agent exposures. Especially, events involving accidental and intentional exposures of chemical, biological, radiological/nuclear materials, often abbreviated as CBR or CBRN events present unique challenges to the healthcare system in caring for the victims. In these mass casualty incidents, a fully comprehensive, coordinated team response involving many different components of the community healthcare system need to be mobilized to effectively meet the modern challenge of CBRN events. Necessary components of a modern emergency response include training for prompt triage, decontamination, detoxification, emergency medical treatment, as well as providing appropriate transport to the proper medical treatment facility. Meeting these challenges requires maintaining ongoing communications between agencies charged with meeting the disaster to allow acquisition of information and location for the patients, transfer the information to both the Central Medical Emergency Response Center and the designated hospital. While sharing this information was problematic in the past, modern wireless communications and information technologies provide convenient means for the rapid sharing of important patient data and current situational details. Finally, improving modern disaster response requires the development of a disaster response plan, ongoing training in implementing the plan including disaster scenario simulation, and budgeting to acquire the necessary equipment involved for the emergency response personnel to meet the presenting crisis.","PeriodicalId":345710,"journal":{"name":"Hanyang Medical Reviews","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125415545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Disaster Medicine in Korea","authors":"Tae-Ho Lim","doi":"10.7599/HMR.2015.35.3.121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7599/HMR.2015.35.3.121","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":345710,"journal":{"name":"Hanyang Medical Reviews","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131248059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Emergency Medicine in Disasters","authors":"S. Wang","doi":"10.7599/HMR.2015.35.3.124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7599/HMR.2015.35.3.124","url":null,"abstract":"Disaster medicine and emergency medicine are common in many parts, particularly in the acute stage of disaster, so the role of emergency medicine in disaster is very important. For adequate disaster preparation and response, interest and investment to emergency medical care for emergency and safety issues that deal with most important thing, life conservation, must be made in the future. Specifically, support to the emergency medical centers as disaster base hospitals is necessary for emergency medicine to perform adequate roles in disaster, and it is also necessary to assign the role to the hospital in the area that holds the local risk factors. Because of the poor preparedness for nuclear, chemical or biological disaster in Korea, the important things are the preparation and establishment of infrastructure based on equipment and facilities, related to special type disasters. So the government should support the emergency medical system for the adequate response to disasters as well as individual emergency care.","PeriodicalId":345710,"journal":{"name":"Hanyang Medical Reviews","volume":"72 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134236197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Disaster Basic Physics and Disaster Paradigm","authors":"Seunghwan Kim","doi":"10.7599/HMR.2015.35.3.131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7599/HMR.2015.35.3.131","url":null,"abstract":"Disasters are unpredictable and unavoidable. The definition of disaster is a serious disruption of the functioning of society, causing widespread human, material, or environmental losses that exceed the ability of affected society to cope using only its own resources. Disaster medicine is a discipline resulting from combination of emergency medicine and disaster management. The field of disaster medicine involves the study of subject matter from multiple medical disciplines, and disaster medicine presents unique ethical situations not seen in other areas of medicine. Disaster can be classified into two categories, natural disaster and manmade disaster, each type of disaster has its own characteristics. Disaster management has a cycle of 4 activities, preparedness, response, recovery, and prevention/ mitigation. Disaster medicine specialists have a role in each part of this cycle. To achieve effective disaster response, the National Disaster Life Support Foundation suggests the DISASTER Paradigm™, which consists of detection, incident command, safety and security, assess hazards, support, triage and treatment, evacuation, and recovery.","PeriodicalId":345710,"journal":{"name":"Hanyang Medical Reviews","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115379852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Sensorineural Hearing Loss: Causes and Hearing Rehabilitation","authors":"M. Baek","doi":"10.7599/HMR.2015.35.2.57","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7599/HMR.2015.35.2.57","url":null,"abstract":"Sensorineural hearing loss is one of the most common chronic clinical disorders that we can easily encounter. The etiology of sensorineural hearing loss is multifactorial: congenital, idiopathic, traumatic, noise-induced, head injury induced, infectious disease, drug induced, degenerative, immune di...","PeriodicalId":345710,"journal":{"name":"Hanyang Medical Reviews","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127185045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Newborn Hearing Loss and Newborn Hearing Screening","authors":"Su-Kyoung Park","doi":"10.7599/HMR.2015.35.2.72","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7599/HMR.2015.35.2.72","url":null,"abstract":"The incidence of bilateral profound hearing loss of newborns is 1 to 2 per 1,000 newborns. It is higher in infants with risk factors for hearing loss. Congenital hearing loss can cause many problems in language, learning, speech development and educational and occupational performance. Most develope...","PeriodicalId":345710,"journal":{"name":"Hanyang Medical Reviews","volume":"96 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115136206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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