Political Methods: Experiments & Experimental Design eJournal最新文献_第10页

Are you my mentor? A field experiment on gender, ethnicity, and political self starters 你是我的导师吗?一个关于性别，种族和政治上的主动者的实地实验

Political Methods: Experiments & Experimental Design eJournal Pub Date : 2016-09-19 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.2857402

Joshua L. Kalla, F. Rosenbluth, D. Teele

引用次数: 5

Canadian Trade Policy in a G-Zero World: Preferential Negotiations as a Natural Experiment 零国集团世界中的加拿大贸易政策:作为自然实验的优惠谈判

Political Methods: Experiments & Experimental Design eJournal Pub Date : 2016-09-15 DOI: 10.2139/SSRN.2839265

Robert Wolfe

{"title":"Canadian Trade Policy in a G-Zero World: Preferential Negotiations as a Natural Experiment","authors":"Robert Wolfe","doi":"10.2139/SSRN.2839265","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/SSRN.2839265","url":null,"abstract":"Canada has an effective trade agreement with all of our significant trading partners in the WTO, but its rules are slow to adapt to the rapidly changing economic realities analyzed in other chapters in this volume. As trade negotiators experiment with alternatives in a G-zero world without a country or group of countries able to impose global order, I question two common suppositions: that less-than-fully multilateral agreements are easier to negotiate; and that such preferential negotiations can more readily achieve the new agreements necessary for twenty-first-century trade. I conclude that proliferating preferential agreements are a symptom of fragmented global order, but they are not necessarily a solution. With respect to the first supposition, negotiators are experimenting with agreements that vary on the topics covered, the number of participants engaged, the methods of negotiation and the legal relation of the results to the WTO. These negotiations will be hard to conclude, and harder to ratify. With respect to the second supposition, I also have low expectations for the substantive results of the current set of negotiations. Important aspects of the twenty-first-century trade policy agenda will not be covered, and significant traders such as China will be omitted. We cannot know the results of this natural experiment in negotiation modalities, but I suspect that the future will require renewed efforts to strengthen the WTO.","PeriodicalId":345692,"journal":{"name":"Political Methods: Experiments & Experimental Design eJournal","volume":"115 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116593665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Savings Defaults and Payment Delays for Cash Transfers: Field Experimental Evidence from Malawi 现金转移的储蓄违约和支付延迟:来自马拉维的实地实验证据

Political Methods: Experiments & Experimental Design eJournal Pub Date : 2016-08-31 DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-7807

Lasse Brune, X. Giné, Jessica Goldberg, Dean Yang

引用次数: 44

Outcomes and Audience Costs in an Incentivized Laboratory Experiment 激励实验室实验的结果与受众成本

Political Methods: Experiments & Experimental Design eJournal Pub Date : 2016-07-13 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.2809200

Andrew W. Bausch

{"title":"Outcomes and Audience Costs in an Incentivized Laboratory Experiment","authors":"Andrew W. Bausch","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2809200","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2809200","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a laboratory experiment examining how citizens' concern for their country's international reputation affects how they evaluate leaders. A large experimental literature has found that citizens are less supportive of leaders that escalate a crisis and then back down than leaders that never entered the crisis at all. These audience costs emerge despite the policy outcome being the same in both cases. Previous research suggests that citizens dislike inconsistency from a leader and worry about the country's international reputation. This paper argues that the reputation mechanism behind audience costs has not been adequately examined. Therefore, I present a bargaining game that can escalate to war. I then test this game under conditions when reputations can emerge and when they cannot in the context of a laboratory experiment. The results of the laboratory experiment show that audience costs do not emerge, even when reputational concerns are possible, and that citizens care more about the policy outcome than about the policy-making process. Thus, I connect the literature on retrospective voting with the literature on how citizens evaluate the foreign policy of leaders.","PeriodicalId":345692,"journal":{"name":"Political Methods: Experiments & Experimental Design eJournal","volume":"158 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115289697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Mind, Behaviour and Health: A Randomised Experiment 心理、行为和健康:一项随机实验

Political Methods: Experiments & Experimental Design eJournal Pub Date : 2016-07-07 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.2803851

Yonas Alem, Hannah Behrendt, M. Belot, Anikó Bíró

{"title":"Mind, Behaviour and Health: A Randomised Experiment","authors":"Yonas Alem, Hannah Behrendt, M. Belot, Anikó Bíró","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2803851","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2803851","url":null,"abstract":"Behavioural attitudes towards risk and time, as well as behavioural biases such as present bias, are thought to be important drivers of unhealthy lifestyle choices. This paper makes the first attempt to explore the possibility of training the mind to alter these attitudes and biases, and health-related behaviours in particular, using a randomized controlled experiment. The training technique we consider is a well-known psychological technique called \"mindfulness\", which is believed to improve self-control and reduce stress. We conduct the experiment with 139 participants, half of whom receive a four-week mindfulness training, while the other half are asked to watch a four-week series of historical documentaries. We evaluate the impact of our interventions on risk-taking and inter-temporal decisions, as well as on a range of measures of health-related behaviours. We find evidence that mindfulness training reduces perceived stress, but only weak evidence on its impact on behavioural traits and health-related behaviours. Our findings have significant implications for a new domain of research on training the mind to alter behavioural traits and biases that play important roles in lifestyle.","PeriodicalId":345692,"journal":{"name":"Political Methods: Experiments & Experimental Design eJournal","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126638568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Network Effects in Field Experiments on Interactive Groups: Cases from Legislative Studies 互动群体现场实验中的网络效应:来自立法研究的案例

Political Methods: Experiments & Experimental Design eJournal Pub Date : 2016-06-21 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.2799074

S. Phadke, B. Desmarais

{"title":"Network Effects in Field Experiments on Interactive Groups: Cases from Legislative Studies","authors":"S. Phadke, B. Desmarais","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2799074","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2799074","url":null,"abstract":"Most social processes involve complex interaction among units through some form of social, communication, or collaboration network. The stable unit treatment value assumption (SUTVA) — the assumption that a unit’s outcome is unaffected by other units’ treatment statuses — is required in conventional approaches to causal inference. When SUTVA is violated, as in networked social interaction, treatment effects spread to control units through the network structure. We evaluate the evidence for spillover effects in data from three field experiments on US state legislatures. Randomized field experiments represent the gold standard in causal inference when studying political elites. It is rarely possible to bring political elites into a controlled laboratory environment, and causal identification with observational data is fraught with problems. We review recently-developed methods for testing for causal effects — including interference effects — while relaxing SUTVA. We propose new specifications for treatment spillover models, and construct networks through geographical or ideological proximity and co-sponsorship. Considering different combinations of spillover models and networks, we evaluate the robustness of recently developed non-parametric tests for interference. The approaches we illustrate can be applied to any experimental setting in which interference is suspected.","PeriodicalId":345692,"journal":{"name":"Political Methods: Experiments & Experimental Design eJournal","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123309966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Attention Discrimination: Theory and Field Experiments with Monitoring Information Acquisition 注意辨别:监测信息获取的理论与现场实验

Political Methods: Experiments & Experimental Design eJournal Pub Date : 2016-06-01 DOI: 10.1257/AER.20140571

Vojtěch Bartoš, Michal Bauer, Julie Chytilová, Filip Matějka

引用次数: 236

Do Individuals Put Effort into Lying? Evidence from a Compliance Experiment 人们会努力撒谎吗?依从性实验证据

Political Methods: Experiments & Experimental Design eJournal Pub Date : 2016-03-10 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.2764121

Nadja Dwenger, Tim Lohse

引用次数: 1

Social Influence Bias in Online Ratings: A Field Experiment 网络评分中的社会影响偏差:一个现场实验

Political Methods: Experiments & Experimental Design eJournal Pub Date : 2016-02-18 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.2737992

Simona Cicognani, Paolo Figini, Marco Magnani

引用次数: 5

Discrimination à lʼembauche des candidates dʼorigine maghrébine dans la région de la Capitale-Nationale (Hiring Discrimination towards North-African Women in Quebec's National Capital Region) lʼ招聘歧视妇女候选人dʼCapitale-Nationale马格里布地区的起源(雇用歧视迈向欧洲North-African Women in Quebec’s National Capital Region)

Political Methods: Experiments & Experimental Design eJournal Pub Date : 2016-01-01 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3149035

Simon Brière, B. Fortin, G. Lacroix

{"title":"Discrimination à lʼembauche des candidates dʼorigine maghrébine dans la région de la Capitale-Nationale (Hiring Discrimination towards North-African Women in Quebec's National Capital Region)","authors":"Simon Brière, B. Fortin, G. Lacroix","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3149035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3149035","url":null,"abstract":"<b>French Abstract:</b> Pour des CV semblables en tout point, Samira Benounis recevra-t-elle moins dʼinvitations à un entretien dʼembauche que Valérie Tremblay dans la région de la Capitale-Nationale (Québec, Canada) ? Cet article tente de répondre à cette question à partir dʼune expérience utilisant la méthode de testing par envoi de CV. Nos résultats montrent que, toutes choses égales par ailleurs, la probabilité dʼêtre invitée à un entretien dʼembauche diminue de 11 % lorsque la candidate a un nom dʼorigine maghrébine plutôt que québécoise. Ce constat suggère la présence dʼune discrimination à lʼembauche des candidates dʼorigine maghrébine dans la région de la Capitale-Nationale. <b>English Abstract:</b> For identical resumes, will Samira Benounis receive fewer invitations to a job interview than Valérie Tremblay in the Capitale-Nationale region (Quebec, Canada)? This article attempts to answer this question from using a CV testing methodology. Our results show that, all other things being equal, the probability of being invited to an interview is reduced by 11% when the candidate has a typical Maghreb-like name rather than a French-Canadian one. This finding suggests the presence of discrimination in the hiring of Maghrebin women in the Capitale-Nationale region.","PeriodicalId":345692,"journal":{"name":"Political Methods: Experiments & Experimental Design eJournal","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128818022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0