Civitas et Lex最新文献

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Wykaz publikacji ks. prof. dra hab. Wojciecha Guzewicza za lata 2018-2022 沃伊切赫-古泽维奇教授博士2018-2022年发表的著作清单
Civitas et Lex Pub Date : 2023-08-22 DOI: 10.31648/cetl.8901
Wojciech Guzewicz
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引用次数: 0
Glosa do wyroku Sądu Najwyższego z dnia 19 kwietnia 2021 roku (sygn. I CSK 40/21) 2021 年 4 月 19 日最高法院判决书词汇表(参见 I CSK 40/21)
Civitas et Lex Pub Date : 2023-08-22 DOI: 10.31648/cetl.8900
Franciszek Ignacy Fortuna
{"title":"Glosa do wyroku Sądu Najwyższego z dnia 19 kwietnia 2021 roku (sygn. I CSK 40/21)","authors":"Franciszek Ignacy Fortuna","doi":"10.31648/cetl.8900","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31648/cetl.8900","url":null,"abstract":"The presented gloss relates to the judgment of the Supreme Court of 19 April 2021, ref. I CSK 40/21. There are two main issues in the case. The first issue relates to the admissibility of the second instance court considering the establishment of facts of the court of the first instance as its own in the case of an allegation of an incorrect evaluation of the facts raised in an appeal. The second issue, on the other hand, relates to the admissibility of the fact that the creditor has filed a bankruptcy petition as an automatic fulfillment of the exoneration condition. Although on the first issue, one may agree with the position of the Supreme Court that such an action of the court is acceptable, on the second issue it is not necessarily so. Despite the inconsistent position of the judicature in this matter, an analysis of the binding regulations and the doctrine allows one to conclude that such an interpretation is incorrect. The burden is on the member of the company’s board to prove the existence of any of the exemption circumstances. Filing a petition for bankruptcy by anyone does not relieve him of this responsibility.","PeriodicalId":34558,"journal":{"name":"Civitas et Lex","volume":"58 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135717113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Konstytucyjne prawo do informacji publicznej jako element społeczeństwa obywatelskiego 作为公民社会一部分的宪法公共信息权
Civitas et Lex Pub Date : 2023-08-22 DOI: 10.31648/cetl.8855
Marcin Kazimierczuk
{"title":"Konstytucyjne prawo do informacji publicznej jako element społeczeństwa obywatelskiego","authors":"Marcin Kazimierczuk","doi":"10.31648/cetl.8855","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31648/cetl.8855","url":null,"abstract":"Current information on the activities of public administration bodies, central bodies, as well as bodies of local government units, including entities appointed by them, allows for effective control of their actions. Thanks to the information obtained in this way, it is possible to carry out inspections of these entities on many levels, not only by the authorities authorized in this respect, but perhaps above all by civil society, starting from the activity of individual citizens or groups of citizens, through more or less organized entities, i.e. associations, institutes and non-governmental organizations. The purpose of this article is to analyze the role of information about public authority in terms of the possibility of increasing social control and the use of the constitutional right to information in building a civil society. The principle of civil society should be considered as the foundation of social participation, which is to contribute in particular to the realization of the common good of all citizens. The author focuses on the analysis of normative solutions contained both in the Basic Law and in other legal acts. The paper uses the dogmatic method of analyzing legal acts. In addition, the literature on the subject and case law were used.","PeriodicalId":34558,"journal":{"name":"Civitas et Lex","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135717111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Ks. Tomasz Zajkowski, Wkład diecezji ełckiej w misyjne dzieło Kościoła, Wydawnictwo Diecezjalne Adalbertinum, Ełk 2021, ss. 122. Ks。托马什·扎伊科夫斯基(Tomasz Zajkowski),《埃斯教区对教会传教工作的贡献》,教区出版社Adalbertinum,ełk 2021,ss。122
Civitas et Lex Pub Date : 2023-05-14 DOI: 10.31648/cetl.8752
Wojciech Guzewicz
{"title":"Ks. Tomasz Zajkowski, Wkład diecezji ełckiej w misyjne dzieło Kościoła, Wydawnictwo Diecezjalne Adalbertinum, Ełk 2021, ss. 122.","authors":"Wojciech Guzewicz","doi":"10.31648/cetl.8752","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31648/cetl.8752","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":34558,"journal":{"name":"Civitas et Lex","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46579753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
THE SIGNS OF THE SECOND KARABAKH WAR TYPİCAL OF THE 5TH GENERATİON WAR 第二次卡拉巴克战争的迹象第五代伊昂战争
Civitas et Lex Pub Date : 2023-05-14 DOI: 10.31648/cetl.8652
Zafar Najadov, Piotr Gawliczek
{"title":"THE SIGNS OF THE SECOND KARABAKH WAR TYPİCAL OF THE 5TH GENERATİON WAR","authors":"Zafar Najadov, Piotr Gawliczek","doi":"10.31648/cetl.8652","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31648/cetl.8652","url":null,"abstract":"This article discusses the great performance of the Azerbaijani Armed Forces in the Second Karabakh War, clarifies the features of Azerbaijan's military operations typical of modern wars and explains the reasons for the victory from different perspectives and prisms. The article analyzes the military operations of the Azerbaijani Army in the Second Karabakh War through the spectrum of generational war theory and makes the case that it is a 5th generation war in the context of Western military history and a 6th generation war in the military history of Russia. According to the author, Azerbaijan's victory was achieved due to the professional use of kinetic and non-kinetic capabilities. At the same time, the impact of this war on military tactics, operational art, military strategies, armaments programs and defense spending is undeniable. \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":34558,"journal":{"name":"Civitas et Lex","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44540136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Kościoły i parafie diecezji ełckiej (cz. 8) 埃尔克教区的教堂和堂区(第 8 部分)
Civitas et Lex Pub Date : 2023-05-14 DOI: 10.31648/cetl.8653
Wojciech Guzewicz
{"title":"Kościoły i parafie diecezji ełckiej (cz. 8)","authors":"Wojciech Guzewicz","doi":"10.31648/cetl.8653","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31648/cetl.8653","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents seven parishes and churches from the area of the city of Giżycko. They are: St. Bruno, St. Casimir the Prince, St. Anna, St. Maximilian Maria Kolbe and the Holy Spirit, the Paraclete.","PeriodicalId":34558,"journal":{"name":"Civitas et Lex","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135188388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Social policy towards demographic changes in European countries - examples of solutions and assessment of their effectiveness 欧洲国家针对人口变化的社会政策-解决办法的例子和对其有效性的评估
Civitas et Lex Pub Date : 2023-05-14 DOI: 10.31648/cetl.8602
Krystyna Kacprowska
{"title":"Social policy towards demographic changes in European countries - examples of solutions and assessment of their effectiveness","authors":"Krystyna Kacprowska","doi":"10.31648/cetl.8602","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31648/cetl.8602","url":null,"abstract":"According to David Gill, social policies are courses of action aimed at influencing the general quality of life in a society, the circumstances of life of individuals and groups in this society, as well as the nature of intra-social relations between individuals, groups, and society[1]. Antoni Rajkiewicz defines social policy as “the sphere of activity of the state and other public bodies and social forces that deals with shaping the living conditions of the population and interpersonal relations (especially in the living and working environment)”[2]. The term “demographic change” describes the age structure of the population adapting to changes in living conditions. Consequently, changes in the composition of the age structure of society are the result of social changes. When analyzing the EU population pyramids, we can see that the first two decades after World War II were characterized by a particularly high birth rate. Since the 1970s, demographers have noted negative trends in the structure of Europe's population. The lower birth rate in the recent past and present is associated with an increase in the life expectancy of Europeans.  Persistently low birth rates lead to an aging population if mortality rates remain low. Consequently, half of the population growth in Europe between 2005 and 2050 will not be due to births, but to more people living longer[3]. The work was written to present and evaluate social policy instruments implemented as a response to the ongoing demographic changes in European countries. \u0000  \u0000 \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":34558,"journal":{"name":"Civitas et Lex","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41393040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Serwis malibracia.org.pl jako medialny instrument wsparcia społecznego osób starszych Malibracia.org.pl网站作为老年人社会支持的媒体工具
Civitas et Lex Pub Date : 2023-05-14 DOI: 10.31648/cetl.8581
Agnieszka Żejmo
{"title":"Serwis malibracia.org.pl jako medialny instrument wsparcia społecznego osób starszych","authors":"Agnieszka Żejmo","doi":"10.31648/cetl.8581","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31648/cetl.8581","url":null,"abstract":"Seniors, who are growing in number in society, are at risk of social isolation. Meanwhile, ties with others are essential for everyone’s well-being. It is worth publicizing initiatives that support the elderly and improve their quality of life. One of them is the practice of the Little Brothers of the Poor Association. The object of reflection in the article is, among other things, the way in which the organization’s website has been used in its activities. The following goals were formulated: explaining the essence of social support, presenting the history and mission of the association, showing its undertakings in which the web service is used to varying degrees, as well as discussing the available possibilities of financing the organization’s activities by donors, also with the role of cyberspace. To achieve the above-mentioned goals, an analysis of the literature and source materials – the resources of the association’s website – was carried out. Data obtained from an interview with its director were also taken into account. The basic sphere of the organization’s practice is the conduct of volunteer work, which enables the formation of intergenerational ties among volunteers and lonely elderly people. The seniors covered by this program experience the concern of younger people for their health, mental condition, cultural, recreational and social needs. The respect and interest shown to them, as well as the opportunity to receive support in difficult situations, can contribute to improving their situation. The article analyzes selected testimonies of the association’s mentees published in its social media, which document the reception of the organization’s assistance activities by seniors. ","PeriodicalId":34558,"journal":{"name":"Civitas et Lex","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45560357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
THE PHENOMENON OF BIG DATA: CRITICALITIES IN THE SUCCESSION OF DEMATERIALIZED ASSETS 大数据现象:非物质化资产继承的关键性
Civitas et Lex Pub Date : 2023-05-14 DOI: 10.31648/cetl.8301
Stefania Cici
{"title":"THE PHENOMENON OF BIG DATA: CRITICALITIES IN THE SUCCESSION OF DEMATERIALIZED ASSETS","authors":"Stefania Cici","doi":"10.31648/cetl.8301","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31648/cetl.8301","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000As Steve Jobs used to say: «nobody wants to die. Even people who want to go to heaven don't want to die to go there. But death is still the only fate we share. No one has ever escaped him. And that's how it should be because death is most likely the greatest invention of life. It is the agent of change of life. Sweep away old things to make room for new ones ». While the words of the renowned Californian computer scientist have a validity in relation to individuals and the real world, where everything has a beginning and an end, they do not have their equivalent in the virtual world, in which the data entered remains engraved forever. Thus, scholars find themselves having to face their greatest challenge, that of reconciling the right of people to keep their privacy intact even postmortem and the interests of the heirs to take over the patrimony of those. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":34558,"journal":{"name":"Civitas et Lex","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41820754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Poczucie bezpieczeństwa młodych mężczyzn o wyższym i niższym poziomie dojrzałości psychicznej do małżeństwa 婚姻心理成熟度较高和较低的年轻男性的安全感
Civitas et Lex Pub Date : 2023-05-14 DOI: 10.31648/cetl.8681
L. Dakowicz, Andrzej Dakowicz
{"title":"Poczucie bezpieczeństwa młodych mężczyzn o wyższym i niższym poziomie dojrzałości psychicznej do małżeństwa","authors":"L. Dakowicz, Andrzej Dakowicz","doi":"10.31648/cetl.8681","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31648/cetl.8681","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this paper is anattemption to define heter young men’s mental maturity for marriage has a connection with sense of security? The mental maturity for marriage is know as the sum of three important elements created long term relationships: 1) self-acceptance; 2) internal integration; 3) approach to marriage and family life. The research were involed 90 men. The results show that young men with higher level of mental maturity for marriage are characterized much high er level of sense of security than men of Lower level of mental maturity for marriage. This is manifestem biggersense of closeness with others, with the world, feeling at home, sense of stability and order, and definitely higher sense of self-trust and self-affirmation. ","PeriodicalId":34558,"journal":{"name":"Civitas et Lex","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46670470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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