Health Policy Open最新文献

{"title":"Towards a better understanding between non-Muslim primary care clinicians and Muslim patients: A literature review intended to reduce health care inequities in Muslim patients","authors":"Jeffrey K King ,&nbsp;Alexander Kieu ,&nbsp;Marwan El-Deyarbi ,&nbsp;Noof Aljneibi ,&nbsp;Saif Al-Shamsi ,&nbsp;Muhammad Jawad Hashim ,&nbsp;Linda Östlundh ,&nbsp;Kate Ellen King ,&nbsp;Renee Houjintang King ,&nbsp;Moien AB Khan ,&nbsp;Romona Devi Govender","doi":"10.1016/j.hpopen.2023.100092","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hpopen.2023.100092","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Although Muslims are a growing population within many non-Muslim countries, there are insufficient Muslim clinicians to care for them. Studies have shown that non-Muslim clinicians have limited knowledge and understanding of Islamic practices affecting health, which may lead to disparities in the quality of healthcare delivery and outcomes when caring for Muslim patients. Muslims come from many different cultures and ethnicities and have variations in their beliefs and practices. This literature review provides some insights which may strengthen therapeutic bonds between non-Muslim clinicians and their Muslim patients resulting in improved holistic, patient-centered care in the areas of cancer screening, mental health, nutrition, and pharmacotherapy. Additionally, this review informs clinicians about the Islamic perspective on childbirth, end of life issues, travel for Islamic pilgrimage, and fasting during the month of Ramadan. Literature was sourced by a comprehensive search in PubMed, Scopus, and CINAHL along with hand screening of citations. Title and abstract screening followed by full-text screening excluded studies including less than 30% Muslim participants, protocols, or reporting results deemed irrelevant to primary care. 115 papers were selected for inclusion in the literature review. These were grouped into the themes of general spirituality, which were discussed in the Introduction, and Islam and health, Social etiquette, Cancer screening, Diet, Medications and their alternatives, Ramadan, Hajj, Mental health, Organ donation and transplants, and End of life. Summarizing the findings of the review, we conclude that health inequities affecting Muslim patients can be addressed at least in part by improved cultural competency in non-Muslim clinicians, as well as further research into this area.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34527,"journal":{"name":"Health Policy Open","volume":"4 ","pages":"Article 100092"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10297732/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9735933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Policies and practices in Nigeria’s pharmaceutical sector: A mixed methods exploration of stakeholders’ perspectives on strategic reforms","authors":"Obi Peter Adigwe","doi":"10.1016/j.hpopen.2023.100091","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hpopen.2023.100091","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Policies and practices are key factors that determine development in any sector. In the Nigerian setting however, there is lack of evidence that the pharmaceutical sector is embedded with contextual policies and practices that can expedite development in the system. This inadvertently has an impact as regards access to medicines for the citizenry. This study therefore aimed at adopting a bottom-up approach in gathering insights into stakeholders’ perspectives on policies and practices in Nigeria’s pharmaceutical sector, and how they influence Medicines’ Security and consequent access to healthcare.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Data were collected using a self completion questionnaire which was administered to stakeholders present during an event held in Abuja, the capital of Nigeria, which focused on improving the Nigerian pharmaceutical sector. A total number of 82 questionnaires were administered to participants. Following retrieval of questionnaires, quantitative data were subjected to descriptive and inferential analyses, whilst textual data were analysed using thematic analysis approach.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Of the 82 questionnaires administered, response rate was 92.68%. Two-thirds of the participants were males (69.7%). A quarter of the study participants were between the ages of 41 and 50 years, whilst those above 50 years represented the most populous proportion of the sample (38.2%). A considerable proportion (48%) of the study participants indicated that current policy ecosystem was hostile for pharmaceutical sector growth and development. Also, majority (97.3%) of the study participants indicated that increased investment in health research could stimulate the development of the pharmaceutical sector. Majority of the study participants indicated the need for collaboration between pharmaceutical companies, research institutes and the petrochemical industry.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>This study consequently identified several critical factors that could stimulate development in the sector, including increased funding of research; stringent implementation of existing policies; and prioritisation of pharmaceutical sector by government and other key stakeholders.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34527,"journal":{"name":"Health Policy Open","volume":"4 ","pages":"Article 100091"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10297794/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9735938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"COVID-19, SDGs and public health systems: Linkages in Brazil","authors":"Flavio Martins ,&nbsp;Anna Lima ,&nbsp;Loan Diep ,&nbsp;Luciana Cezarino ,&nbsp;Lara Liboni ,&nbsp;Rita Tostes ,&nbsp;Priti Parikh","doi":"10.1016/j.hpopen.2023.100090","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hpopen.2023.100090","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>The global 2030 Agenda covers a range of interconnected issues which need interdisciplinary and holistic approaches to improve human well-being and protect the natural environment. The COVID-19 pandemic has brought to light critical inequities in society and policy gaps in health services. As highlighted through analyses of the interlinkages among the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), connections between human health and well-being and the environment, can help support new policy needs in addressing systemic health crises, including widespread pandemics.</p></div><div><h3>Method</h3><p>We identify links between the COVID-19 crisis and multiple SDGs in the context of Brazil based on a review of the current literature in the health sector.</p><p>Findings: We identify synergistic connections between 88 out of 169 SDG targets and COVID-19, notably around themes such as City Environment, Contextual Policies and the value created by improved Information and Technology. Using the context of the Brazilian National Health Service (SUS) highlights recurrent interconnections from the focal point of target 3.8. This includes topics such as challenges for universal healthcare coverage, budget allocation, and universalisation.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The framework developed for supporting policy-making decisions and the design of toolkits for dealing with future health-related emergency scenarios offers a practical solution in the health sector. It is worth noting that progress and action on public health systems and policies must go hand in hand with addressing existing socio-economic vulnerabilities in society. This is vital for tackling future pandemics and simultaneously addressing the SDGs.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34527,"journal":{"name":"Health Policy Open","volume":"4 ","pages":"Article 100090"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/a2/27/main.PMC9946878.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9705838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The importance of good governance in hospital payment reform – A case study from Ukraine","authors":"Karl Karol ,&nbsp;Serhii Hryshchuk ,&nbsp;Karolina Kalanj ,&nbsp;Valentyn Parii","doi":"10.1016/j.hpopen.2023.100089","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hpopen.2023.100089","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In 2005, Ukraine embarked on hospital financing reforms that included the introduction of a Diagnosis Related Group (DRG) based payment system for acute inpatient care. The primary purpose of introducing activity-based funding was to provide incentives for hospitals to use their limited resources more efficiently.</p><p>Following an extended period of preparation and planning during which technical assistance was provided by various development agencies, Ukraine took action to implement the DRG system at a national level in April 2018, through a World Bank project. While some progress was made, the execution of the reform faced challenges with the organisation and administration of the implementation process, and duplication of effort. The consequence of these shortcomings was that the newly introduced system was not capable of measuring inpatient DRG activity at a level of accuracy necessary for the determination of hospital performance and the subsequent calculation of payments.</p><p>If the expected outcomes of DRG implementation in Ukraine are to be realised, stakeholders including both beneficiary agencies and development organisations, will need to improve program governance through better coordination of their activities towards a common goal.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34527,"journal":{"name":"Health Policy Open","volume":"4 ","pages":"Article 100089"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/48/ad/main.PMC10297782.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9735936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The challenges brought by the COVID-19 pandemic to health systems exposed pre-existing gaps","authors":"Anat Rosenthal,&nbsp;Ruth Waitzberg","doi":"10.1016/j.hpopen.2022.100088","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hpopen.2022.100088","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":34527,"journal":{"name":"Health Policy Open","volume":"4 ","pages":"Article 100088"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/3f/64/main.PMC9753444.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9418407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of cash transfer participation on unhealthy consumption in Brazil","authors":"Fernanda Araujo Maciel ,&nbsp;Diogo Duarte","doi":"10.1016/j.hpopen.2022.100087","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hpopen.2022.100087","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We assess the impact of the Brazilian government’s conditional cash transfer program Bolsa Família on unhealthy consumption by households, proxied by expenses with ultra-processed food, alcohol, and tobacco products. Using machine learning techniques to improve the propensity score estimation, we analyze the intensive and extensive margin effects of participating in the program on the household purchase of unhealthy products. Our results reveal that program participants spend more on food in general, but not necessarily more on unhealthy options. While we find evidence that participants increase their probability of spending more on food away from home, they do not significantly alter their expenditures on packaged food, alcohol, or tobacco products.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34527,"journal":{"name":"Health Policy Open","volume":"4 ","pages":"Article 100087"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10297731/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9735935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cross-border healthcare: A review and applicability to North America during COVID-19","authors":"Lyndsay T. Glass,&nbsp;Christopher M. Schlachta,&nbsp;Jeff D. Hawel,&nbsp;Ahmad I. Elnahas,&nbsp;Nawar A. Alkhamesi","doi":"10.1016/j.hpopen.2021.100064","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hpopen.2021.100064","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Cross-border healthcare is an international agreement for the provision of out of country healthcare for citizens of partnered countries. The European Union (EU) has established itself as a world leader in cross-border healthcare. During the Coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, the EU used this system to maximize utilization of resources. Countries with capacity accepted critically ill patients from overwhelmed nations, borders remained open to healthcare workers and those seeking medical care in an effort to share the burden of this pandemic. Significant research into the challenges and successes of cross-border healthcare was completed prior to COVID-19, which demonstrated significant benefit for patients.</p><p>In North America, the response to the COVID-19 crisis has been more isolationist. The Canada-United States border has been closed and bans placed on healthcare workers crossing the border for work. Prior to COVID-19, cross-border healthcare was rare in North America despite its need. We reviewed the literature surrounding cross-border healthcare in the EU, as well as the need for a similar system in North America. We found the EU cross-border healthcare agreements are generally mutually beneficial for participating countries. The North American literature suggested a cross-border healthcare system is feasible. A number of challenges could be identified based on the EU experience. A prior agreement may have been beneficial during the COVID-19 crisis as many Canadian healthcare institutions-maintained capacity to accept critically ill patients.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34527,"journal":{"name":"Health Policy Open","volume":"3 ","pages":"Article 100064"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/89/33/main.PMC8744400.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10432670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of salary and intention to stay with the job satisfaction of the dietitians in Jordan: A cross-sectional study","authors":"Nour A. Elsahoryi ,&nbsp;Ahmad Alathamneh ,&nbsp;Iman Mahmoud ,&nbsp;Fwziah Hammad","doi":"10.1016/j.hpopen.2021.100058","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hpopen.2021.100058","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This cross-sectional study aimed to determine job satisfaction among the Jordanian dietitians, the factors associated with job satisfaction, and the relationship between job satisfaction and intent to stay. A convenience sample of 600 dieticians performed a self-reported online survey. Most of the participants were females (83.2%), &lt;30 years of age (68.3%) with a BSc degree in nutrition (77.3%). Results revealed that 20% of the dietitians were dissatisfied at work, 69.8% were neither dissatisfied nor satisfied, and 10.2% were satisfied. The satisfaction for the total score in all examined domains was neither dissatisfaction nor satisfaction, except for the salary. Participants with higher monthly salaries were 1.53 more likely to have higher job satisfaction than those with lower monthly salaries (CI 95%, (0.503–2.55)). Intention to stay was positively correlated with the total job satisfaction and all domains except the knowledge and skills domain (p-value = 0.22). The main aspect that needs to be addressed and re-evaluated is to improve dietitians job satisfaction is the salary. The findings of this study point to improving dietitians' work status to attain the best possible health care achievements.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34527,"journal":{"name":"Health Policy Open","volume":"3 ","pages":"Article 100058"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/78/eb/main.PMC10297505.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9734406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Consolidated Health Economic Evaluation Reporting Standards 2022 (CHEERS 2022) statement: Updated reporting guidance for health economic evaluations","authors":"Don Husereau ,&nbsp;Michael Drummond ,&nbsp;Federico Augustovski ,&nbsp;Esther de Bekker-Grob ,&nbsp;Andrew H Briggs ,&nbsp;Chris Carswell ,&nbsp;Lisa Caulley ,&nbsp;Nathorn Chaiyakunapruk ,&nbsp;Dan Greenberg ,&nbsp;Elizabeth Loder ,&nbsp;Josephine Mauskopf ,&nbsp;C Daniel Mullins ,&nbsp;Stavros Petrou ,&nbsp;Raoh-Fang Pwu ,&nbsp;Sophie Staniszewska ,&nbsp;on behalf of CHEERS 2022 ISPOR Good Research Practices Task Force","doi":"10.1016/j.hpopen.2021.100063","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hpopen.2021.100063","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Health economic evaluations are comparative analyses of alternative courses of action in terms of their costs and consequences. The Consolidated Health Economic Evaluation Reporting Standards (CHEERS) statement, published in 2013, was created to ensure health economic evaluations are identifiable, interpretable, and useful for decision making. It was intended as guidance to help authors report accurately which health interventions were being compared and in what context, how the evaluation was undertaken, what the findings were, and other details that may aid readers and reviewers in interpretation and use of the study. The new CHEERS 2022 statement replaces previous CHEERS reporting guidance. It reflects the need for guidance that can be more easily applied to all types of health economic evaluation, new methods and developments in the field, as well as the increased role of stakeholder involvement including patients and the public. It is also broadly applicable to any form of intervention intended to improve the health of individuals or the population, whether simple or complex, and without regard to context (such as health care, public health, education, social care, etc). This summary article presents the new CHEERS 2022 28-item checklist and recommendations for each item. The CHEERS 2022 statement is primarily intended for researchers reporting economic evaluations for peer reviewed journals as well as the peer reviewers and editors assessing them for publication. However, we anticipate familiarity with reporting requirements will be useful for analysts when planning studies. It may also be useful for health technology assessment bodies seeking guidance on reporting, as there is an increasing emphasis on transparency in decision making.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34527,"journal":{"name":"Health Policy Open","volume":"3 ","pages":"Article 100063"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10297740/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9739895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of performance based financing on facility autonomy and accountability: Evidence from Zambia","authors":"Chitalu Miriam Chama-Chiliba ,&nbsp;Peter Hangoma ,&nbsp;Collins Chansa ,&nbsp;Mulenga Chonzi Mulenga","doi":"10.1016/j.hpopen.2021.100061","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hpopen.2021.100061","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Several low and lower- middle income countries have been using Performance-Based Financing (PBF) to motivate health workers to increase the quantity and quality of health services. Studies have demonstrated that PBF can contribute to improved health service delivery and health outcomes, but there is limited evidence on the mechanisms through which PBF can necessitate changes in the health system. Using difference-in-difference and synthetic control analytical approaches, we investigated the effect of PBF on autonomy and accountability at service delivery level using data from a 3-arm cluster randomised trial in Zambia. The arms consisted of PBF where financing is linked to outputs in terms of quality and quantity (intervention 1), input financing where funding is fully provided to finance all required inputs regardless of performance (intervention 2), and the current standard of care where there is input financing but with possible challenges in funding (pure control). The results show an increase in autonomy at PBF sites compared to sites in the pure control arm and an increase in accountability at PBF sites compared to sites in both the input-financing and pure control arms. On the other hand, there were no effects on autonomy and accountability in the input-financing sites compared to the pure control sites. The study concludes that PBF can improve financial and managerial autonomy and accountability, which are important for improving health service delivery. However, within the PBF districts, the magnitude of change was different, implying that management and leadership styles matter. Future research could examine whether personal attributes, managerial capacities of the facility managers, and the operating environment have an effect on autonomy and accountability.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":34527,"journal":{"name":"Health Policy Open","volume":"3 ","pages":"Article 100061"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/58/86/main.PMC10297809.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9737252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}