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Sequential Extraction and Particle Size Analysis of Heavy Metals in Sediments Dredged from the Deûle Canal, France 法国德<s:1>勒运河疏浚沉积物中重金属的序贯提取及粒度分析
The Open Environmental Engineering Journal Pub Date : 2011-04-13 DOI: 10.2174/1874829501104010011
N. Sabra, H. Dubourguier, T. Hamieh
{"title":"Sequential Extraction and Particle Size Analysis of Heavy Metals in Sediments Dredged from the Deûle Canal, France","authors":"N. Sabra, H. Dubourguier, T. Hamieh","doi":"10.2174/1874829501104010011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874829501104010011","url":null,"abstract":"The Deule canal is one of the most polluted canals in northern France. It contains large volumes of polluted sediments. These have to be dredged and characterized before deciding about the technology suitable for their treatment. The sediments are thus subjected to a physico-chemical characterization comprising particle size classification and heavy metals sequential extraction studies. The total metallic concentrations exceed the French standards for several metals such as cadmium, zinc, lead or copper. On average, 92% of the total weight of each metal are present in the particles that are less than 53 � m in size. These particles represent about 85% of the suspended matter dry weight. The sequential extraction study reveals that most of the studied metals are strongly linked to the sediments because of their association with the sul- fides and with the organic matter.","PeriodicalId":344616,"journal":{"name":"The Open Environmental Engineering Journal","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133583612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 18
Texture Properties and Kinetic Parameters Associated to Carbon Materials Obtained from Sawdust of Algarroba Wood. 1. Application in Phenol Photodetoxification 木屑碳材料的结构特性和动力学参数研究。苯酚光解毒的应用
The Open Environmental Engineering Journal Pub Date : 2011-03-22 DOI: 10.2174/1874829501104010001
J. Matos, Carol Nahas, L. Rojas, M. Rosales
{"title":"Texture Properties and Kinetic Parameters Associated to Carbon Materials Obtained from Sawdust of Algarroba Wood. 1. Application in Phenol Photodetoxification","authors":"J. Matos, Carol Nahas, L. Rojas, M. Rosales","doi":"10.2174/1874829501104010001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874829501104010001","url":null,"abstract":"Carbon materials were obtained by pyrolysis of the sawdust of Algarroba wood under CO2 or N2 atmospheres at temperatures from 200oC up to 900oC. Carbon materials were characterized by surface and micropore areas, volume pore and mean pore diameter. An approach of the kinetic parameters (apparent constant-rates and activation energies) as- sociated with the synthesis of these carbon materials is also presented. From the kinetic data of thermal degradation of Al- garroba wood, three different pyrolysis zones were verified. First, an incipient carbonization between 200 up to 350oC, second an extensive carbonization between 350 up to 600oC, and a third step involving the pore formation at temperatures higher than 600oC. As a target application of carbon materials, results of phenol adsorption and phenol photodegradation under UV-irradiation indicated the potential of carbon materials in presence of TiO2 for treatment of polluted waters.","PeriodicalId":344616,"journal":{"name":"The Open Environmental Engineering Journal","volume":"140 9-10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129410546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Methane Potential of Waste Activated Sludge and Fatty Residues: Impact of Codigestion and Alkaline Pretreatments 废活性污泥和脂肪残渣的甲烷潜力:共消化和碱性预处理的影响
The Open Environmental Engineering Journal Pub Date : 2010-10-13 DOI: 10.2174/1874829501003010071
H. Carrère, Y. Rafrafi, A. Battimelli, M. Torrijos, J. Delgenès, Gilles Ruysschaert
{"title":"Methane Potential of Waste Activated Sludge and Fatty Residues: Impact of Codigestion and Alkaline Pretreatments","authors":"H. Carrère, Y. Rafrafi, A. Battimelli, M. Torrijos, J. Delgenès, Gilles Ruysschaert","doi":"10.2174/1874829501003010071","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874829501003010071","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study was to maximise methane production from waste activated sludge (WAS) originating from extended aeration process and presenting a low methane potential (190 mL CH4.g -1 OM). WAS co-digestion with fatty residues (FR, 560 mL CH4.g -1 OM) produced during pretreatments of the effluents from wastewater treatment plants in the Lille area and fatty wastewaters (FW, around 700 mL CH4.g -1 OM) collected from restaurants was assessed by batch experiments. Moreover saponification/alkali pretreatments improved kinetics of anaerobic digestion but had a low impact on methane potential (+ 6-7%) of the mixed waste composed of 66.6% of FW, 33.3% of WAS and 0.1% of FR. As results did not depend on pH ranging from 8 to 10 (addition of 0.12 to 0.21 gKOH gOM -1 ) nor temperature ranging from 80 to 120 °C, the least severe studied pretreatment conditions (80°C and pH=8) may be selected for further studies on con- tinuous anaerobic reactors.","PeriodicalId":344616,"journal":{"name":"The Open Environmental Engineering Journal","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116853968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 20
Study of Occupant Exposure of Drivers and Commuters with Temporal Variation of In-Vehicle Pollutant Concentrations in Public Transport Buses Operating on Alternative Diesel Fuels~!2010-07-03~!2010-07-26~!2010-09-08~! 代用柴油公交车驾驶员和通勤者乘员暴露与车内污染物浓度变化的研究2010-07-03 2010-07-26 2010-09-08
The Open Environmental Engineering Journal Pub Date : 2010-09-08 DOI: 10.2174/1874829501003010055
Akhil Kadiyala
{"title":"Study of Occupant Exposure of Drivers and Commuters with Temporal Variation of In-Vehicle Pollutant Concentrations in Public Transport Buses Operating on Alternative Diesel Fuels~!2010-07-03~!2010-07-26~!2010-09-08~!","authors":"Akhil Kadiyala","doi":"10.2174/1874829501003010055","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874829501003010055","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":344616,"journal":{"name":"The Open Environmental Engineering Journal","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133596544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 20
Inorganic Pollutants in Recovered Wood from Slovenia and Boards Made of Disintegrated Wood 来自斯洛文尼亚的回收木材和由分解木材制成的板材中的无机污染物
The Open Environmental Engineering Journal Pub Date : 2010-07-16 DOI: 10.2174/1874829501003010049
M. Humar
{"title":"Inorganic Pollutants in Recovered Wood from Slovenia and Boards Made of Disintegrated Wood","authors":"M. Humar","doi":"10.2174/1874829501003010049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874829501003010049","url":null,"abstract":"Due to increasing demands on wood, recovered wood is becoming more and more important. It is mainly used for energetic purposes and for particle board production. This material was polluted with various chemicals (surface coat- ings, biocides, concrete residues, etc.) during service life. These chemicals causes difficulties at the end of service life. In order to elucidate presence of inorganic pollutants in Slovenian recovered wood, 30 specimens were collected on city Ljubljana dump/sorting site, and analysed with x-ray fluorescence spectrometer (XRF). Those values were compared to the concentration of inorganic elements in boards made of disintegrated wood collected in Slovenian market. In recovered wood, as well as in imported particle boards increased concentrations of the following elements was confirmed: Cl, Cr, Fe, Cu, Zn and Pb. This indicates that at lest part of contaminated recovered wood is used for production of some particle boards.","PeriodicalId":344616,"journal":{"name":"The Open Environmental Engineering Journal","volume":"95 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130779667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Coagulation-Flocculation and Air Stripping as a Pretreatment of Young Landfill Leachate 混凝-絮凝-空气剥离预处理垃圾渗滤液
The Open Environmental Engineering Journal Pub Date : 2010-05-11 DOI: 10.2174/1874829501003010042
T. Yilmaz, Selami Apaydın, A. Berktay
{"title":"Coagulation-Flocculation and Air Stripping as a Pretreatment of Young Landfill Leachate","authors":"T. Yilmaz, Selami Apaydın, A. Berktay","doi":"10.2174/1874829501003010042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874829501003010042","url":null,"abstract":"Leachate from sanitary landfills is a strong wastewater in terms of organic matter and ammonia. Both biologi- cal and chemical processes can be used for organic matter but ammonia reduction by nitrification-denitrification often poses problems due to inhibition. In this study, leachate from solid waste landfill in Konya Municipal area was used and organic matter and color removal were examined by using different chemical matters (Alum, FeCl3, FeSO4) in the pH ad- justment with lime, NaOH and H2SO4. For ammonium removal, air stripping and its removal efficiency were investigated. For organic matter removal, the highest efficiencies were achieved as 44% by using 9 g/L alum at pH 11 adjusted with lime and as 45% by using 15 g/L FeCl3 concentration at pH 3. Color removal studies in coagulation experiments indicated that the highest color removal efficiencies could be obtained when pH was adjusted with lime. The lowest coagulant con- centration 1 g/L yielded the similar removal efficiencies as the concentration increased. In ammonium removal with air stripping, the optimum flow rate was 1 L/min and the optimum aeration time was 8 hours.","PeriodicalId":344616,"journal":{"name":"The Open Environmental Engineering Journal","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114940351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 30
Multi Criteria and Landfill Site Selection Using Gis: A Case Study From Palestine~!2010-01-01~!2010-01-24~!2010-03-19~! 基于Gis的多准则垃圾填埋场选址——以巴勒斯坦为例2010-01-01 2010-01-24 2010-03-19
The Open Environmental Engineering Journal Pub Date : 2010-04-07 DOI: 10.2174/1874829501003010033
I. Mahamid, S. Thawaba
{"title":"Multi Criteria and Landfill Site Selection Using Gis: A Case Study From Palestine~!2010-01-01~!2010-01-24~!2010-03-19~!","authors":"I. Mahamid, S. Thawaba","doi":"10.2174/1874829501003010033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874829501003010033","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":344616,"journal":{"name":"The Open Environmental Engineering Journal","volume":"98 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116880827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 19
On exergy and sustainable development in environmental engineering 论环境工程中的能源与可持续发展
The Open Environmental Engineering Journal Pub Date : 2010-03-04 DOI: 10.2174/1874829501003010021
G. Wall
{"title":"On exergy and sustainable development in environmental engineering","authors":"G. Wall","doi":"10.2174/1874829501003010021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874829501003010021","url":null,"abstract":"Humankind faces the most serious challenge ever – sustainable development. A new paradigm based on respectof nature and awareness of natural mechanisms is needed. The concept of exergy and exergy b ...","PeriodicalId":344616,"journal":{"name":"The Open Environmental Engineering Journal","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114664784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 25
Qualitative Evaluation of Particulate Matter Inside Public Transit Buses Operated by Biodiesel 生物柴油公交车内颗粒物的定性评价
The Open Environmental Engineering Journal Pub Date : 2010-03-04 DOI: 10.2174/1874829501003010013
Kaushik K. Shandilya, Ashok Kumar
{"title":"Qualitative Evaluation of Particulate Matter Inside Public Transit Buses Operated by Biodiesel","authors":"Kaushik K. Shandilya, Ashok Kumar","doi":"10.2174/1874829501003010013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874829501003010013","url":null,"abstract":"The Environmental scanning electron microscopy (ESEM) has been used in a preliminary study to determine the size and morphology of fine particulate matter (PM). This was done with several samples collected inside public tran- sit buses fueled with a 20 percent biodiesel blend of biodiesel and ultra-low sulfur diesel (B20). As the technique is non- destructive, particles of interest can be relocated for further analysis. The practical issue of instrumentation compatibility is addressed. In addition, results showing SEM chemical images from several PM of particle size less than 10 � m (PM10) samples are reported. Shape analysis suggested the possible sources. Particle size distribution suggested a median and mean diameter of particles counted was 0.24±0.02� m and 0.27±0.04� m, respectively. The conclusion is that SEM meth- odology is a valuable tool for studying the distribution of particulate pollutants.","PeriodicalId":344616,"journal":{"name":"The Open Environmental Engineering Journal","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115617529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 17
Externalities of Soil Stabilization in the Construction of Main Transportation Infrastructures. The Case of the High Speed Railway in North Italy: Economical and Environmental Benefits 主要交通基础设施建设中土壤稳定的外部性。意大利北部高速铁路的案例:经济和环境效益
The Open Environmental Engineering Journal Pub Date : 2010-01-13 DOI: 10.2174/1874829501003010001
A. Benedetto
{"title":"Externalities of Soil Stabilization in the Construction of Main Transportation Infrastructures. The Case of the High Speed Railway in North Italy: Economical and Environmental Benefits","authors":"A. Benedetto","doi":"10.2174/1874829501003010001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874829501003010001","url":null,"abstract":"The technique of soil stabilization is usually adopted with the purpose of rendering plastic soils coherent to the standards and requirements of engineering projects. The environmental benefits of soil stabilization versus the use of traditional natural material from quarries are generally underestimated. The case study of one significant section of the Italian High Speed Railway is presented here. This section is a part of the line from Milan to Venice. The volume of material that is needed for the development of embankments amounts to about 3 million m 3 and 1.5 millions m 3 of aggregates are needed for concrete. At the same time the construction of foundations produces about 1 million m 3 of soil: 350,000 m 3 from foundations, 400,000 m 3 from diaphragms and drilled piles and 70,000 m 3 from helicoidal piles. The need to manage such a significant volume of soil suggests the need for the consideration of recycling the clay soil after lime stabilization. The technical compatibility is here verified. The total costs of all the actions derived from the Environmental Impact Assessment for environment protection is less than 8% of the savings produced by the stabilization of soil. It finally demonstrates that the question of non-renewable resource management, such as soil, is strategic also under an environmental protection perspective.","PeriodicalId":344616,"journal":{"name":"The Open Environmental Engineering Journal","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131223910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
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