Water Science最新文献_第10页

Water quality indicators of the Nima Creek, and potential for sustainable urban agriculture in Ghana 尼马河的水质指标以及加纳可持续城市农业的潜力

Water Science Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/11104929.2021.1883321

S. Mohammed, P. Nyade, M. Abdul-Hamid, I. Hodgson

{"title":"Water quality indicators of the Nima Creek, and potential for sustainable urban agriculture in Ghana","authors":"S. Mohammed, P. Nyade, M. Abdul-Hamid, I. Hodgson","doi":"10.1080/11104929.2021.1883321","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/11104929.2021.1883321","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Urban and peri-urban agriculture, a widely accepted practice of food cultivation in urban centers contributes to positive environment. It has the benefits of job creation, increased access to healthy and affordable food, and important means of improving community health. Use of wastewater or disturbed surface water for urban agriculture is a common practice in the developing world due to lack of adequate infrastructure and widespread poverty. This study assessed the urban water quality parameters of the Nima Creek, a major water resource for peri-urban and urban farming in Southeastern Accra. Water sampled from six locations along the NE – SW stretch of the creek were evaluated for physicochemical parameters including pH, conductivity, Total Suspended Solids (TSS), Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), cations, zinc, iron, oil and grease, Biological Oxygen demand (BOD), Chemical Oxygen demand (COD). Results show high enrichment of nutrients, ammonia (NH3), nitrate (NO3), and phosphate (PO4) as well as elevated levels of BOD, COD, and grease at sites receiving solid and liquid wastes. The physicochemical parameters such as conductivity, TSS, and TDS exhibited periods of elevated values that were congruent with seasonal rainfall patterns within the catchment area. Sodium concentration ranged from 32 to 297 mg/L. Nitrate levels generally ranged from 1.5 to 7.13 mg/L. The cation concentrations showed broad temporal and spatial variation characteristic of disturbed surface freshwater. Principal component analysis of the data discriminated four distinct components accounting for 63.6% of the total variance. The component plots constrained three major classes explaining the physical quality of the water and two other groups defining nutrient and alkalinity levels in the water.","PeriodicalId":34430,"journal":{"name":"Water Science","volume":"35 1","pages":"39 - 48"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/11104929.2021.1883321","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48312010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Appraisal of seasonal variations in water quality of river Cauvery using multivariate analysis 用多变量分析评价高韦里河水质的季节变化

Water Science Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/23570008.2021.1897741

T. Sharma, C. Ravichandran

{"title":"Appraisal of seasonal variations in water quality of river Cauvery using multivariate analysis","authors":"T. Sharma, C. Ravichandran","doi":"10.1080/23570008.2021.1897741","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23570008.2021.1897741","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The present study determines the water quality (WQ) of river Cauvery and its distributaries in Tiruchirappalli district, Tamil Nadu state, India, through WQ parameters and also using multivariate analysis. The water samples were collected by grab sampling method during the four seasons, namely, winter, summer, southwest, and northeast monsoons of the year 2014–15. The study reveals that total dissolved solids, turbidity, total alkalinity, total hardness, biological oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand, and total coliform results of river Cauvery and the distributaries exceeded the drinking water standards, which are mainly in summer. Also, the outcomes of principal component analysis and cluster analysis confirmed the high pollution loads in the water samples. It could be caused by the sewage discharges from residential and commercial areas. Moreover, solid wastes dumping and all sorts of cleaning activities were found at all stations. The present study concluded that the water from river Cauvery and its distributaries are not potable directly. With awareness creation and water treatment methods among the consumers, the river system can be conserved for proper usages.","PeriodicalId":34430,"journal":{"name":"Water Science","volume":"35 1","pages":"49 - 62"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/23570008.2021.1897741","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46258396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

Destructive and Non Destructive Test Characteristics of Concrete Produced with Iron Slag Aggregate 矿渣骨料混凝土的破坏与无损检测特性

Water Science Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/23570008.2021.1994243

Samiha E. Alharthy

{"title":"Destructive and Non Destructive Test Characteristics of Concrete Produced with Iron Slag Aggregate","authors":"Samiha E. Alharthy","doi":"10.1080/23570008.2021.1994243","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23570008.2021.1994243","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The Ground granulated Blast furnace slag (GGBFS) is a waste of industrial materials; it is relatively more recent pozzolanic material that has received considerable attention in both research and application. In the present investigation, Blast Furnace Slag from local industries has been utilized to find its suitability as a coarse aggregate in self-compacting concrete (SCC) making. Replacing all or some portion of natural aggregates with slag would lead to considerable environmental benefits. SCC mixes were designed and coarse aggregates were replaced by 0, 20, 40, 60, 80, and 100% steel slag by weight. Tests were conducted to assess the fresh properties, strength properties and durability behavior (permeability) of SCC. Properties such as slump flow, flow diameter, passing ability, segregation resistance, compressive strength, and both rebound number and ultrasonic pulse velocity were measured. In addition, the relationship between compressive strength and rebound number as well as ultra-sonic pulse velocity (UPV) was discussed. Splitting tensile strength, flexural strength, and permeability were also examined. The results indicate that the mixture of 60% replacement (SCC-SA60) was selected as the optimum mixture in which compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, and flexural strength increased by 5%, 35%, and 10%, respectively. Permeability increased with increasing the steel slag content. The results also illustrated that there is a significant relationship between compressive strength and UPV as well as rebound number for the SCC mixes.","PeriodicalId":34430,"journal":{"name":"Water Science","volume":"35 1","pages":"186 - 194"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48245249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effect of temperature on D.O and T.D.S: A measure of Ground and Surface Water Interaction 温度对D.O和T.D.S的影响：地下水和地表水相互作用的测量

Water Science Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/11104929.2020.1860276

E. Thomas

{"title":"Effect of temperature on D.O and T.D.S: A measure of Ground and Surface Water Interaction","authors":"E. Thomas","doi":"10.1080/11104929.2020.1860276","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/11104929.2020.1860276","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT To statistically quantify ground and surface water interaction using temperature as a tracer and its effect on chemical properties of rivers, a total number of 30 sample points were selected at regular intervals along the profile of the two rivers. Ten points on the upper Ona River, and ten on the Alaro River, the remaining ten on the lower section of the river. Also, a corresponding number of nearby groundwater samples were obtained from a parallel source, for each of the surface water sample points so as to aid comparison. The coordinates of the sample points along the river profile were obtained using a global positioning system (GPS) device. The result of the investigation showed that two of the properties (Total Dissolved Solid and Dissolved Oxygen) of surface water vary significantly while the third (Temperature) does not vary significantly across the river profile extending from the upstream section to the downstream section. It was further observed that the underlying geology in terms of rock types have a significant influence on the properties of the surface water body, this was corroborated through comparison of the groundwater properties against that of the surface water. No significant correlation was observed between temperature and total dissolved solids and dissolved oxygen, thus inferring no form of noteworthy influence from temperature on the considered parameters in this study. The analysis of temperature gradients along a river profile and its effect on water properties provided an insight to the quantitative estimates of rates of interaction through the use of statistics and a possible inferred direction.","PeriodicalId":34430,"journal":{"name":"Water Science","volume":"35 1","pages":"11 - 21"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/11104929.2020.1860276","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43063608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Stability of the Northern coast of Egypt under the effect of urbanization and climate change 城市化和气候变化影响下埃及北部海岸的稳定

Water Science Pub Date : 2020-12-29 DOI: 10.1080/11104929.2020.1864255

Moheb Mina Iskander

{"title":"Stability of the Northern coast of Egypt under the effect of urbanization and climate change","authors":"Moheb Mina Iskander","doi":"10.1080/11104929.2020.1864255","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/11104929.2020.1864255","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The effect of the human activities on the coastal area are enormous. They include impacts on natural resources, coastal stability, environmental quality, and the cultural environment. The instability condition is the predominant feature of the Egyptian coastal zone due to natural and anthropogenic effect. This paper discusses the stability conditions of the sediment within the Egyptian Mediterranean coastal zone. It includes the sediment sources, degradation of resources, reasons and side effects, climate change effects, and recommendations to control the degradation. The research methodology depends on collecting and discussing the results of the previous related studies, collecting field data and observation along the Egyptian Mediterranean coastal zone as well as Satellite images within the last ten years. Sediment origin from territorial or sea resources, sediment transport, and interaction within the coastal zone are investigated to understand the sediment behavior and how to control erosion and siltation problems. The study shows that urbanization, coastal structures, removing sand dunes, controlling the floodwater and sediment, as well as climate change cause severe shoreline changes within the coastal zone. Dramatically erosion along the Northern coast of Egypt, and migration of the sand spit inland along the Rosetta Nile branch document these unbalance conditions. The study recommends that the coastal sand dune, as well as other nature resources of sediment, should be protected to eliminate the coastal erosion.","PeriodicalId":34430,"journal":{"name":"Water Science","volume":"35 1","pages":"1 - 10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/11104929.2020.1864255","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41542873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 16

南海トラフの巨大地震等を想定した徳島県の防災・減災対策に関する研究(その2) 关于假设南海海槽发生巨大地震等情况的德岛县防灾减灾对策研究(之二)

Water Science Pub Date : 2020-06-01 DOI: 10.20820/SUIRIKAGAKU.64.2_97

海野修司, 木下修一, 山田正

引用次数: 0

Deciphering water quality using WQI and GIS in Tummalapalle Uranium Mining area, Cuddapah Basin, India 利用WQI和GIS对印度库达帕盆地图马拉帕勒铀矿区的水质进行解密

Water Science Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/11104929.2020.1765450

M. P. Kumar, K. Nagalakshmi, N. Jayaraju, T. L. Prasad, B. Lakshmanna

{"title":"Deciphering water quality using WQI and GIS in Tummalapalle Uranium Mining area, Cuddapah Basin, India","authors":"M. P. Kumar, K. Nagalakshmi, N. Jayaraju, T. L. Prasad, B. Lakshmanna","doi":"10.1080/11104929.2020.1765450","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/11104929.2020.1765450","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This paper gives an insight into the assessment of water quality in and around the Tummalapalle Uranium deposit. A total of 19 groundwater samples were collected in the study area and the chemical parameters were analyzed by using ICP-MS. Data generated from ICP-MS were compared with the Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) and noticed that some chemical elements viz., Na, Mg, Al, Ca, Mn, Fe, and U were present beyond the permissible limits. To know the inter-element relationship, the Correlation coefficient and T-Test were conducted to know the overall water quality at the respective stations. The Water Quality Index was computed. It is, thus observed that about 42% of the water samples fall under “very poor water quality category” and require proper treatment to use the groundwater for domestic needs. The results of Factor analysis demonstrate three factors are responsible for the poor quality of water in the study area. The spatial variation maps were generated in GIS environ deciphers the uneven distribution of elemental concentrations in the study area.","PeriodicalId":34430,"journal":{"name":"Water Science","volume":"34 1","pages":"65 - 74"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/11104929.2020.1765450","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47949608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Hydro-meteorological processes driving solute transport in Lake Victoria 驱动维多利亚湖溶质运移的水文气象过程

Water Science Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/11104929.2020.1722416

Seema Paul, J. Oppelstrup

{"title":"Hydro-meteorological processes driving solute transport in Lake Victoria","authors":"Seema Paul, J. Oppelstrup","doi":"10.1080/11104929.2020.1722416","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/11104929.2020.1722416","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This study explores by a vertically integrated tracer transport model, hydro-meteorological event characteristics and their influence on solute transport. Changes in Hydro-meteorological processes and increasing frequency of extreme weather events are responsible for changing the lake water balance, influencing streamflow variations, and lake tracer transport. We compare historical data over a long time with model data from a vertically integrated model in COMSOL Multiphysics. We consider water balance, sources of data uncertainty, correlations, extreme rain and inflow years, and seasonal variations. The lake transport model has estimated soluble loading and transportation. The results showed there are strong correlations between tributary inflows and precipitation, and between lake outflow and water level. It was found that “events” influence lake level fluctuations. The solute transport was shown to vary more in wet periods. Modeled transportations were higher in Kenya and Uganda lake zones than in Tanzanian zones. The major inflow, from the Kagera river, appears to strongly influence lake solute transportation, so the composition of this river must be considered.","PeriodicalId":34430,"journal":{"name":"Water Science","volume":"34 1","pages":"18 - 31"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/11104929.2020.1722416","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47653199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Manning roughness coefficient in vegetated open channels 植被明渠曼宁糙率

Water Science Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/11104929.2020.1794706

Mohamed Salah Abd Elmoaty, El-Samman T. A.

{"title":"Manning roughness coefficient in vegetated open channels","authors":"Mohamed Salah Abd Elmoaty, El-Samman T. A.","doi":"10.1080/11104929.2020.1794706","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/11104929.2020.1794706","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Manning equation is one of the most common equations used in estimating the mean velocity and discharge in open channels. The equation depends on some measured hydraulic parameters as water surface slope and hydraulic radius of open channel cross-section in addition to the Manning roughness coefficient. Estimating the value of Manning`s roughness coefficient is dependent on the nature of the channel, the number of obstacles that resist the channel flow and the field engineers experience. In vegetated channels, the percentage of infestation seems to be the most effective parameter on the roughness coefficient value. Through this study, based on laboratory investigation and physical model several trials were conducted to deduce an equation to predict the value of the Manning`s roughness coefficient in the vegetated channel based on measured parameters as weed infestation percentage, water surface slope. Two simple equations were deduced based on these parameters to practically estimate the value of the Manning roughness coefficient in vegetated open channels. The results of these equations were successfully verified using field measurements.","PeriodicalId":34430,"journal":{"name":"Water Science","volume":"34 1","pages":"124 - 131"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/11104929.2020.1794706","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45064098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

Quality and hydrogeochemistry appraisal for groundwater in Tenth of Ramadan Area, Egypt 埃及拉马丹十区地下水水质及水文地球化学评价

Water Science Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/11104929.2020.1749411

L. Ibrahim, E. Nofal

{"title":"Quality and hydrogeochemistry appraisal for groundwater in Tenth of Ramadan Area, Egypt","authors":"L. Ibrahim, E. Nofal","doi":"10.1080/11104929.2020.1749411","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/11104929.2020.1749411","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Groundwater at Tenth of Ramadan area, Egypt, is the main source of water supply and it is ranked as high pollution risk area due to the high infiltration rate of the existing unlined oxidation ponds and the wastewater based-irrigation in the reclaimed desert. This investigation aims to evaluate groundwater quality and the spatial distribution of their ions, determine the chemical species (forms) of contaminated ions, and examine the process of water-rock interactions represented by the hydrogeochemical processes (ion exchange, dissolution, and precipitation) at Tenth of Ramadan area, Egypt. Eighteen water quality parameters were determined in triplicate samples collected from twelve wells in July 2017. Visual MINTEQ model was applied for geochemical speciation of cations, anions, trace and heavy elements in groundwater samples. The hydrogeochemical indices were used for investigating the quantity of changes in the chemical composition of groundwater. Outcomes revealed that the trend of spatial pollution for eleven water quality parameters is Site 3> Site 1> Site 2. The geochemical speciation indicated that Ca2+, K+, Mg2+, Na+, Cl−, SO4 2-, NO3 −, F−, HCO3 −, and Fe2+ are distributed as free ions. Hydroxides of Al3+, Fe3+ and carbonate of Pb2+ are predominant. The free ions of cadmium are accessible within the absence of dissolved organic carbon (DOC). The results suggest that evaporation, dissolution, and precipitation play an essential control on the groundwater composition within the aquifer. The reverse ion exchange process is more effective than the ion exchange process in controlling the water composition for 58% of samples. Hence, groundwater requires more advanced treatment.","PeriodicalId":34430,"journal":{"name":"Water Science","volume":"34 1","pages":"50 - 64"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/11104929.2020.1749411","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41578211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6