Scientific Investigations Report最新文献

California’s exposure to volcanic hazards 加州暴露于火山危险之中

Scientific Investigations Report Pub Date : 2019-02-25 DOI: 10.3133/sir20185159

M. Mangan, J. Ball, N. Wood, Jamie L. Jones, J. Peters, Nina Abdollahian, L. Dinitz, Sharon Blankenheim, Johanna Fenton, C. Pridmore

引用次数: 5

Manure and fertilizer inputs to land in the Chesapeake Bay watershed, 1950–2012 1950-2012年，切萨皮克湾流域的粪肥和化肥投入土地

Scientific Investigations Report Pub Date : 2018-12-01 DOI: 10.3133/SIR20185022

Jennifer L. Keisman, Olivia H. Devereux, A. LaMotte, Andrew J. Sekellick, J. Blomquist

引用次数: 15

Peak discharge, flood frequency, and peak stage of floods on Big Cottonwood Creek at U.S. Highway 50 near Coaldale, Colorado, and Fountain Creek below U.S. Highway 24 in Colorado Springs, Colorado, 2016 2016年，科罗拉多州科尔代尔附近的美国50号高速公路上的大棉木溪和美国24号高速公路下方的泉溪上的洪峰流量、洪水频率和洪峰阶段

Scientific Investigations Report Pub Date : 2017-12-14 DOI: 10.3133/sir20175107

Michael S. Kohn, M. R. Stevens, Amanullah Mommandi, Aziz R. Khan

引用次数: 0

The South Carolina Bridge-Scour Envelope Curves 南卡罗来纳大桥冲刷包络曲线

Scientific Investigations Report Pub Date : 2016-09-23 DOI: 10.3133/SIR20165121

S. Benedict, Toby D. Feaster, Andral W. Caldwell

引用次数: 2

Estimation of peak discharge quantiles for selected annual exceedance probabilities in northeastern Illinois 伊利诺斯州东北部选择年度超过概率的峰值放电分位数的估计

Scientific Investigations Report Pub Date : 2016-06-01 DOI: 10.3133/sir20165050

T. Over, R. Saito, Andrea G. Veilleux, J. Sharpe, D. Soong, A. L. Ishii

{"title":"Estimation of peak discharge quantiles for selected annual exceedance probabilities in northeastern Illinois","authors":"T. Over, R. Saito, Andrea G. Veilleux, J. Sharpe, D. Soong, A. L. Ishii","doi":"10.3133/sir20165050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20165050","url":null,"abstract":"This report provides two sets of equations for estimating peak discharge quantiles at annual exceedance probabilities (AEPs) of 0.50, 0.20, 0.10, 0.04, 0.02, 0.01, 0.005, and 0.002 (recurrence intervals of 2, 5, 10, 25, 50, 100, 200, and 500 years, respectively) for watersheds in Illinois based on annual maximum peak discharge data from 117 watersheds in and near northeastern Illinois. One set of equations was developed through a temporal analysis with a two-step least squares-quantile regression technique that measures the average effect of changes in the urbanization of the watersheds used in the study. The resulting equations can be used to adjust rural peak discharge quantiles for the effect of urbanization, and in this study the equations also were used to adjust the annual maximum peak discharges from the study watersheds to 2010 urbanization conditions. The other set of equations was developed by a spatial analysis. This analysis used generalized least-squares regression to fit the peak discharge quantiles computed from the urbanization-adjusted annual maximum peak discharges from the study watersheds to drainage-basin characteristics. The peak discharge quantiles were computed by using the Expected Moments Algorithm following the removal of potentially influential low floods defined by a multiple Grubbs-Beck test. To improve the quantile estimates, generalized skew coefficients were obtained from a newly developed regional skew model in which the skew increases with the urbanized land use fraction. The drainage-basin characteristics used as explanatory variables in the spatial analysis include drainage area, the fraction of developed land, the fraction of land with poorly drained soils or likely water, and the basin slope estimated as the ratio of the basin relief to basin perimeter. This report also provides: (1) examples to illustrate the use of the spatial and urbanization-adjustment equations for estimating peak discharge quantiles at ungaged sites and to improve flood-quantile estimates at and near a gaged site; (2) the urbanization-adjusted annual maximum peak discharges and peak discharge quantile estimates at streamgages from 181 watersheds including the 117 study watersheds and 64 additional watersheds in the study region that were originally considered for use in the study but later deemed to be redundant. The urbanization-adjustment equations, spatial regression equations, and peak discharge quantile estimates developed in this study will be made available in the web-based application StreamStats, which provides automated regression-equation solutions for user-selected stream locations. Figures and tables comparing the observed and urbanization-adjusted peak discharge records by streamgage are provided at http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/sir20165050 for download.","PeriodicalId":343946,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Investigations Report","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127879377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Methods for estimating the magnitude and frequency of floods for urban and small, rural streams in Georgia, South Carolina, and North Carolina, 2011 2011年乔治亚、南卡罗来纳和北卡罗来纳的城市和小型乡村溪流洪水的震级和频率估计方法

Scientific Investigations Report Pub Date : 2014-03-01 DOI: 10.3133/SIR20145030

Toby D. Feaster, Anthony J. Gotvald, J. Weaver

引用次数: 20

Hydrogeology, water chemistry, and transport processes in the zone of contribution of a public-supply well in Albuquerque, New Mexico, 2007-9 2007- 2009年新墨西哥州阿尔伯克基公共供应井贡献区的水文地质、水化学和运输过程

Scientific Investigations Report Pub Date : 2012-09-07 DOI: 10.3133/SIR20115182

Laura M. Bexfield, B. Jurgens, Dianna M. Crilley, S. Christenson

引用次数: 16

Development of a Flood-Warning System and Flood-Inundation Mapping in Licking County, Ohio 洪水预警系统的发展和洪水淹没测绘在舔县，俄亥俄州

Scientific Investigations Report Pub Date : 2012-04-01 DOI: 10.3133/SIR20125137

Chad J. Ostheimer

引用次数: 4

Assessment of surface-water quantity and quality, Eagle River watershed, Colorado, 1947-2007 地表水数量和质量的评估，鹰河流域，科罗拉多州，1947-2007

Scientific Investigations Report Pub Date : 2011-09-23 DOI: 10.3133/SIR20115075

C. A. Williams, Jennifer L. Moore, R. J. Richards

引用次数: 0

Radium content of oil- and gas-field produced waters in the northern Appalachian Basin (USA): Summary and discussion of data 美国阿巴拉契亚盆地北部油气田采出水镭含量:资料总结与讨论

Scientific Investigations Report Pub Date : 2011-01-27 DOI: 10.3133/SIR20115135

E. Rowan, M. Engle, C. S. Kirby, T. Kraemer

{"title":"Radium content of oil- and gas-field produced waters in the northern Appalachian Basin (USA): Summary and discussion of data","authors":"E. Rowan, M. Engle, C. S. Kirby, T. Kraemer","doi":"10.3133/SIR20115135","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3133/SIR20115135","url":null,"abstract":"Radium activity data for waters co-produced with oil and gas in New York and Pennsylvania have been compiled from publicly available sources and are presented together with new data for six wells, including one time series. When available, total dissolved solids (TDS), and gross alpha and gross beta particle activities also were compiled. Data from the 1990s and earlier are from sandstone and limestone oil/gas reservoirs of Cambrian-Mississippian age; however, the recent data are almost exclusively from the Middle Devonian Marcellus Shale. The Marcellus Shale represents a vast resource of natural gas the size and significance of which have only recently been recognized. Exploitation of the Marcellus involves hydraulic fracturing of the shale to release tightly held gas. Analyses of the water produced with the gas commonly show elevated levels of salinity and radium. Similarities and differences in radium data from reservoirs of different ages and lithologies are discussed. The range of radium activities for samples from the Marcellus Shale (less than detection to 18,000 picocuries per liter (pCi/L)) overlaps the range for non-Marcellus reservoirs (less than detection to 6,700 pCi/L), and the median values are 2,460 pCi/L and 734 pCi/L, respectively. A positive correlation between the logs of TDS and radium activity can be demonstrated for the entire dataset, and controlling for this TDS dependence, Marcellus shale produced water samples contain statistically more radium than non-Marcellus samples. The radium isotopic ratio, Ra-228/Ra-226, in samples from the Marcellus Shale is generally less than 0.3, distinctly lower than the median values from other reservoirs. This ratio may serve as an indicator of the provenance or reservoir source of radium in samples of uncertain origin. Introduction Radium forms naturally from the decay of uranium and thorium, elements that commonly occur in sandstones and shales in sedimentary environments. Radium has been documented in the formation waters in many sedimentary basins (for example, Fisher, 1998). In the northern Appalachian Basin, radium has been measured in the water co-produced with gas and oil (that is, produced water3) from reservoirs of Cambrian-Mississippian age. Radioactive isotopes are commonly quantified in terms of “activity concentration” or simply “activity,” which in this context refers to a number of disintegrations per unit time. For consistency with the studies cited, activity units of picocuries per liter (pCi/L) are used here to define the activity of radium in produced water samples. In surface and shallow subsurface environments, radium can be relatively soluble and, therefore, mobile in groundwater over a range of pH and Eh (redox) conditions (Langmuir and Riese, 1985; Sturchio and others, 2001). Radium also may be adsorbed onto clay particles or onto oxide grain coatings (Krishnaswami and others, 1982; Ames and others, 1983; Sturchio and others, 2001). As a radioactive element, radiu","PeriodicalId":343946,"journal":{"name":"Scientific Investigations Report","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133715820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 189