Naukovii visnik veterinarnoyi meditsini最新文献

{"title":"Diagnostic aspects of female pyometra (review information)","authors":"P. Skliarov, V. Pyatibrat","doi":"10.33245/2310-4902-2021-168-2-18-36","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33245/2310-4902-2021-168-2-18-36","url":null,"abstract":"Pyometra is one of the most common and dangerous diseases in bitches, and its complicated course requires immediate treatment and, consequently, the need for highly informative, objective and reliable diagnostic approaches to recognition at the earliest possible stages of the disease. However, the complexity of the pathogenesis, staging and polysymptomatic pyometra cause certain problems in making the correct diagnosis and, consequently, the provision of adequate therapy. Despite the fact that today a number of methods for diagnosing pyometra in bitches have been proposed, none of them fully meets the needs of modern practical veterinary medicine. The purpose of the study was to conduct a systematic analysis and generalization of scientific publications on methods, criteria and approaches for the diagnosis of pyometra in bitches. Research methods such as search, selection, processing and analysis of literature sources in the field of research according to the rules for systematic reviews of the literature are used. Based on the analysis of data from selected articles, conclusions were made about the state of the chosen area of research – the effectiveness of methods, criteria and approaches for the diagnosis of pyometra in females. It is important in the diagnosis of pyometra to detect not only pathognomonic signs, but also early sepsis and the symptom complex of multiple organ failure. Therefore, the diagnosis of pyometra in bitches is made comprehensively, taking into account the anamnesis, clinical examination of animals, laboratory tests of blood and exudate. The standard package of diagnostic measures is based on the analysis of anamnesis data, determination of typical clinical signs, assessment of laboratory parameters and results of ultrasound examination. However, in practical veterinary medicine, the diagnosis of pyometra in bitches is usually made on the basis of anamnestic data and their revision, clinical examination and ultrasound diagnosis. When recognizing pyometra, it is necessary to keep in mind other possible causes of vaginal discharge and / or uterine enlargement, accompanied by a violation of the general condition of the animal, which should be considered as a differential diagnosis. Current research trends indicate promising development of biomarkers based on serum and endometrial transcripts for early diagnosis, prediction and differentiation of pyometra.\u0000Key words: dogs, endometritis purulenta, methods, criteria and diagnostic approaches.","PeriodicalId":34230,"journal":{"name":"Naukovii visnik veterinarnoyi meditsini","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69583175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study of Zinc and Manganese content in blood serum, feathers and claws in 14-, 21- and 28-days old broiler chickens with perosis","authors":"V. Sakara, A. Melnyk, L. Bogatko, B. Bilyk","doi":"10.33245/2310-4902-2021-168-2-108-116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33245/2310-4902-2021-168-2-108-116","url":null,"abstract":"Culling due to poor condition, weight loss, mortalityand, as a result, economic losses due to perosa, accordingto various estimates, 1-5% of the group of birds. Due to thedysfunction of the limbs, the bird can suffer from a numberof diseases. Lack of essential nutrients play an important rolein the development of perosis in poultry. Often in farms dueto cost savings, reduce the cost of feed for broilers, which inturn can lead to metabolic disorders in poultry. Therefore, thediagnosis of these disorders requires new approaches. Modernscience is increasingly inclined to non-invasive diagnosis ofmetabolic pathologies. In human medicine, nails and hair areused to study persistent micronutrient deficiencies. And inveterinary medicine in the study of micronutrient deficienciesas a method of non-invasive diagnosis using animal hair.According to the results of our research, theconcentrations of microelements (Zn, Mn) in the feathers of14, 21 and 28-days-old clinically healthy and feathery broilerchickens were determined. On day 14 of the disease, theconcentration of Zinc and Manganese in broiler chickens withperosis was 65.6 ± 2.73 and 17.4 ± 0.79 μg / g, which wasprobably higher than in clinically healthy birds 46.5 ± 1.57(p <0.001) and 10.9 ± 0.80 (p <0.001) μg / g. Analyzing the indicators of micronutrients in the clawsof patients with feathers of broiler chickens of 28 days ofage, the content of Manganese was 10.2 ± 0.51 μg / g, whichis probably less than in clinically healthy birds 15.7 ± 0.97μg / g (p < 0.01). The concentration of zinc in the claws ofhealthy birds is 127.6 ± 3.65 μg / g, which tended to increasecompared to that in healthy birds - 98.3 ± 5.40 μg / g.The results of the analysis show that in birds with signs ofperosis, Zinc and Manganese accumulate in higher concentrations in the feathers compared to clinically healthy chickens. Inturn, the concentration of these elements in the claws in chickens with feathers relative to healthy birds of the group decreases.\u0000Key words: trace elements, non-invasive diagnostics,metabolic pathologies, avian.","PeriodicalId":34230,"journal":{"name":"Naukovii visnik veterinarnoyi meditsini","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69583237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pharmacotherapy of knemidocoptosis in budgerigars","authors":"N. Kozii, V. Shahanenko, R. Shahanenko, S. Rublenko, N. Avramenko","doi":"10.33245/2310-4902-2021-168-2-89-96","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33245/2310-4902-2021-168-2-89-96","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents a study of the pharmacotherapeutic efficacy of drugs of etiotropic action Ivermikol drops and Aversectin ointment for cnemidocoptosis in budgerigars. Treatment was directed to the study of etiotropic therapy of acaricidal drugs in relation to the causative agents of invasion in sick birds and in the environment. Extensibility and intensity (EE and IE) of the drugs were assessed on the 6th, 22nd and 36th days after the treatment. A study group of budgies suffering from knemidocoptosis was given the following treatment regimen: ivermicol drops, chlorhexidine and Perlen multivitamized grain mixture for food. According to the treatment, on the 6th day in budgies, the extensibility was 0 %. On the 22nd day of treatment in 4 parrots during microscopic examination of scrapings from the affected areas, Knemidocoptes mites were found. Thus, the extensibility of ivermicol drops was 33.3 %. On the 36th day, the extensibility of the treatment of parrots with ivermicol drops was 100 %. Thus, the results obtained make it possible to recommend the indicated scheme for the treatment of ornamental birds for knemidocoptosis. Thuse of the treatment of sick budgerigars according to a different scheme (aversectin ointment, chlorhexidine and multivitamized Perlen grain mixture for nutrition) also proved to be effective. However, on the 22nd day of treatment, microscopic examination of scrapings from the affected areas revealed Knemidokoptes mites in 5 parrots, thus, the extensibility of aversectin ointment was 16.7 %. On the 36th day of treatment in parrots of the control group, which were treated with aversectin ointment, the EE of treatment was 66 %, since 2 out of 6 parrots remained sick, which required further treatment. The dynamics of the EE and IE of ivermicol drops and avesectin ointments on the 6th, 22nd, and 36th days of the study indicate the highest therapeutic efficacy of ivermicol drops. Thus, the use of ivermicol drops as a means of etiotropic action in the cinemidocoptosis of budgerigars is effective.\u0000Key words: scabies, treatment, knemidocoptosis, parrots, Cnemidocoptes pilae, acaricidalpreparations, ivermicoldrops, aversectinointment.","PeriodicalId":34230,"journal":{"name":"Naukovii visnik veterinarnoyi meditsini","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69582913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Supply of iron in piglets with colostrum/milk of sows using iron (IV) clatrochelate","authors":"I. Derkach, S. Derkach, V. Dukhnytsky, I. Fritsky, M. Plutenko","doi":"10.33245/2310-4902-2021-168-2-176-182","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33245/2310-4902-2021-168-2-176-182","url":null,"abstract":"Many works of both Ukrainian scientists and foreign are devoted to the study of the prevention of iron deficiency anemia in piglets as one of the most common non-communicable diseases of pigs. However, the development of new effective antianemic drugs is still relevant today. We have previously proposed a scheme for the prevention of iron deficiency anemia, based on intramuscular parallel administration of solutions of iron (IV) clatrochelate and cyanocobalaminе to pregnant sows 14 and 7 days before the expected farrowing. This scheme was effective in the absence of stillbirth and clinical signs of anemia in piglets. The aim of our next study was to investigate the content of iron in the milk of sows using iron (IV) clatrochelate during pregnancy. To achieve this goal, 2 groups of sows (hybrids of Landrace and Great White breeds) were formed during their pregnancy and kept with suckling piglets - control and experimental, 5 animals in each. Sows in the experimental group were injected twice (14 and 7 days before expected farrowing) with 10 ml of 10% iron (IV) clatrochelate solution and cyanocobalaminе solution (at the dose recommended by official instructions) twice during pregnancy. Sows of the control group were injected with isotonic sodium chloride solution in conventional doses. During the experiment, the sows of the experimental group during pregnancy (after drug administration) and during the feeding of piglets did not differ in behavior and general condition from the sows of the control group. The study of the dynamics of hemoglobin and morphological parameters of the blood of sows in the control and experimental groups did not reveal significant differences. The content of iron in colostrum / milk of sows of the experimental group during the first seven days after administration was significantly higher compared to the control: 1 day 1.5 times, 4 days 2.1 times and 7 days 2.8 times. Therefore, the proposed scheme for the prevention of iron deficiency anemia in piglets is highly efficientand based on the intake of iron with colostrum/milk of sows.\u0000Key words: anemia, injection, macrobicyclic complex, prophylaxis, pigs, cyanocobalaminе.","PeriodicalId":34230,"journal":{"name":"Naukovii visnik veterinarnoyi meditsini","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69583138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of non-ionizing radiation on protein metabolism in chickens","authors":"S. Prosyanyi, V. Horiuk","doi":"10.33245/2310-4902-2021-168-2-136-146","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33245/2310-4902-2021-168-2-136-146","url":null,"abstract":"In practical terms, the idea of using an artificial magnetic field is of particular interest, which corresponds in its physical characteristics to the geomagnetic field of the Earth to combat the negative effects of hypogeomagnetic field. Further development of this idea is associated with the use and selection of hypo-, hypermagnetic fields acting on the body with experimental pathology. In this regard, the issue of influence of different duration of irradiation with an alternating pulsed electromagnetic field of ultra-low frequency (APEMF ULF) on the indicators that characterize metabolic processes in the body is insufficiently clarified. Therefore, the aim of research has been to study the effect of alternating pulsed electromagnetic field of ultra-low frequency on protein content and protein metabolism in the body of experimental chickens of the Dominant D959 cross. For this purpose, four experimental and control groups of 120-day-old chickens have been formed – 20 heads in each. The poultry has been kept in a specially equipped room with an alternating pulsed electromagnetic field of ultra-low frequency. The total protein content has been determined by the biuret method; protein fractions (albumins, globulins: alpha-1, alpha-2, beta, gamma) – by diffuse polyacrylamide gel (PAAG) electrophoresis; the content of creatinine, urea and uric acid has been performed by spectrophotometry using standard techniques. According to the results of research, it has been established that by selecting different regimens and duration of action of APEMF ULF, it is possible to influence protein metabolism in the body of chickens. Thus, on the 80th day of continuous irradiation of experimental chickens with APEMF ULF, regardless of the level of protein in the diet, in their blood revealed an increase in total protein, the relative content of globulin fraction mainly due to γ-globulins, and an increase in creatinine, urea and uric acids. When the period of continuous irradiation has been increased to 5 months, a negative effect on protein metabolism has been revealed, which has been manifested by a decrease in total protein content, relative albumin content, decrease in creatinine, urea and uric acid in the serum of experimental chickens. The combination of long-term (for 150 days) daily 60 minutes with weekly intervals of irradiation of chickens with APEMF ULF and their feeding with a 15% increase in protein levels in the diet caused a stimulating effect on protein metabolism and resistance of experimental chickens, with increasing, the relative content of globulins due to the γ-globulin fraction, as well as the main indicators of protein metabolism – creatinine, urea, uric acid.\u0000Key words: electromagnetic influence, chicken of Dominant D959 cross, total protein, protein fractions, creatinine, urea, uric acid.","PeriodicalId":34230,"journal":{"name":"Naukovii visnik veterinarnoyi meditsini","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69583298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Serological monitoring of brucellosis among wild boars in Ukraine during 2019–2020","authors":"H. Aliekseieva, A. Pyskun, I. Piankivska, O. Polishchuk, H. Mietolapova","doi":"10.33245/2310-4902-2021-168-2-49-56","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33245/2310-4902-2021-168-2-49-56","url":null,"abstract":"The key to the successful development of animalhusbandry is the epizootic welfare of the country. Forimplementation the set of preventive measures it is requiresa perfect system for diagnosing infectious diseases, includingbrucellosis. Despite the fact that Ukraine is consideredofficially free from this zoonosis among farm animals, thesituation regarding it in the wild fauna of our country remainsinsufficiently studied.This article presents the results of serological studies of548 sera samples of wild boars from 16 regions of Ukraine,collected during 2019 – 2020. The research was conductedon the basis of the State Scientific and Research Institute ofLaboratory Diagnostics and Veterinary and Sanitary Expertise(SSRILDVSE, Kyiv, Ukraine) by using the complementfixation test (CFT) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA). In addition, all positive samples were further testedon yersiniosis with differential purposes.The systematization of obtained results show thatantibodies to Brucella spp. in sera samples from wild boarsin Ukraine were detected by CFT in 57 samples (10.4 % ofthe total number), by ELISA – in 83 (15.1 %). In general,antibodies to these pathogens were diagnosed in samplesfrom 13 regions (most often from Zhytomyr, Lviv andChernihiv).Positive samples by CFT and/or ELISA werefurther tested for the presence of antibodies to Yersiniaenterocolitica because, according to the literature andguidelines for diagnostic kits, possibility of crossreactions between brucellosis and yersiniosis. As a resultof differential studies, from the 83 positive on brucellosissamples, 42 also showed antibodies to Y. enterocolitica.Taking into account the cross-reactions between tests forbrucellosis and yersiniosis, antibodies to Brucella spp.during the analyzed period were found in 7.5 % of animals(in 41 of 548 samples).The prospect of this work is to further studies of theepizootic situation regarding brucellosis in the wild faunaof Ukraine. The obtained results indicate the circulationof antibodies to this zoonosis among wild boars in ourcountry.\u0000Key words: Brucella spp., Yersinia enterocolitica,zoonosis, serological studies, CFT, ELISA, wild fauna.","PeriodicalId":34230,"journal":{"name":"Naukovii visnik veterinarnoyi meditsini","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49286464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of Actigen prebiotic drug preparation usage for growing meat indicators of productivity","authors":"A. Konopelko, V. Lyasota","doi":"10.33245/2310-4902-2021-168-2-37-48","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33245/2310-4902-2021-168-2-37-48","url":null,"abstract":"To provide the population of Ukraine with livestock products should intensify research on the creation of highly effective tools and methods for diagnosis, prevention and treatmentof animals and poultry, as well as the use of biotechnologyand genetic engineering, develop an effective system of preventive, sanitary and zoohygienic measures to ensure veterinary welfare, environmental protection, obtaining high qualityproducts. Currently, they are looking for ways to increase theactivity of the natural resistance of animals and poultry withnatural and artificial immunomodulators, pro- and prebioticsand non-drug methods as an alternative to antibiotics.The aim of the study was to investigate the efficacy ofthe prebiotic drug Actigen in the rearing of dose-dependentmeat-producing turkeys.Zootechnical, zoohygienic, hematological and variational-statistical research methods were used to obtain scientificand practical data.The object of study were turkeys of the BIG-6 breed. Theprebiotic Actigen was added to the main diet (OR) of turkeysin the following doses: from the 1st to the 21st day: 0.4; 0.8and 1 g/kg of feed; from the 22nd to the 42nd day: 0.4; 0.6 and0.8 g/kg of feed; from the 42nd to the 120th day: 0.2; 0.4 and0.7 g/kg of feed. Mixing of prebiotic with compound feed wasperformed with a feed mixer on the farm for the productionof compound feed. The bird had free access to food and waterthroughout the fattening. ACTIGEN is a unique second-generation biologically active fraction derived from the outer wallof a specific yeast strain, Sacchamyces cerevisiae, selected byAlltech in the United States and designed to create a moreeffective product for optimizing farm and poultry health. Actigen is a form of yeast carbohydrate. Active substance: 1 kgcontains 280.0 g of crude protein. Pharmaceutical powderform.The results of experimental studies on the effectivenessof the prebiotic Actigen (manufacturer Alltech (U.K.) Limited/Alltech (YK) Limited, UK); which consists of mananoligosaccharides (MOS) isolated from the cell walls of the yeastSaccharomyces cerevisiae.The highest rates of preservation and growth of liveweight of broiler turkeys from the 1st to the 21st day of thepostnatal period of ontogenesis were obtained at a dose of Actigen 0.8 g/kg of feed, which was 3.99 % (P <0.05), obviouslythis is the optimal value.In the case of prebioticAktigen at a dose of 0.6 g / kg offeed, from the 22nd to the 42nd day of the postnatal period ofontogenesis, it was found that the rates of preservation andgrowth of live weight of broiler turkeys were 9.50% (P <0,05)- optimal dose.The use of the prebiotic Actigen from the 42nd to the120th day of the postnatal period of ontogenesis at a dose of0.4 g / kg of feed for broiler turkeys contributed to an increasein the preservation and increase in live weight by 15.31%(P <0.05) optimal value.The most positive effect of Actigen on the morphologicalparameters of poultry blood (hemoglobin content in one erythrocyte) was recor","PeriodicalId":34230,"journal":{"name":"Naukovii visnik veterinarnoyi meditsini","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69583247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Species composition of circulation microflora and its resistance to antibacterial drugs in the conditions of the impulse veterinary clinic of the city of Lviv","authors":"Y. Kisera, L. Bozhyk, N. Grynevych, Y. Martyniv","doi":"10.33245/2310-4902-2021-168-2-65-71","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33245/2310-4902-2021-168-2-65-71","url":null,"abstract":"Effective infection surveillance and control provides a safe environment for staff, clients and animals in the veterinary clinic. This reduces the risk of nosocomial and zoonotic infections. In addition, there is a significant risk of developing antimicrobial resistance, which is associated with both reasonable and inappropriate use of antibacterial drugs for the treatment of humans and animals, food production and the ineffectiveness of measures to control the spread of infectious diseases. Therefore, microbiological monitoring is important for the assessment of the microbial composition of the veterinary institution and the timely detection of its dynamic changes and the quality of sanitary and disinfection measures. Flushes from different surfaces were taken for research. The first stage – in the process of the clinic; the second – after disinfection. The results of bacteriological examinations of washes from the surfaces of the premises of the veterinary clinic \"Impulse\" in Lviv (examination, hospital and operating room) showed the presence in the samples of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus spp. An important component of the clinic's laboratory in the infection control system is to determine the sensitivity of microorganisms in the room to antibiotics and systematic monitoring of general trends in antibiotic resistance, which will control the formation of stationary strains. The results showed that Escherichia coli is sensitive to erythromycin, cephalexin, chloramphenicol, ceftriaxone, gentamicin, doxacycline, ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin and methicillin and is resistant to kanamycin, clarithromycin and amoxiclav. At the same time Staphylococcus spp. were resistant to erythromycin, chloramphenicol, kanamycin, clarithromycin, amoxiclav and norfloxacin to all other drugs – sensitive.\u0000Key words: veterinary clinic, monitoring, infection control, prevention of stationary infections, resistance to antibiotics, disinfection.","PeriodicalId":34230,"journal":{"name":"Naukovii visnik veterinarnoyi meditsini","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69583313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modern aspects of contact dermatitis in industrial poultry farming","authors":"O. Yemelyanenko, M. Chornozub, A. Yemelyanenko, V. Koziy","doi":"10.33245/2310-4902-2021-168-2-193-202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33245/2310-4902-2021-168-2-193-202","url":null,"abstract":"Contact dermatitis is a lesion of the skin of broilers, which leads to a decrease in the quality of the carcass by 15-30 %. It is described as brown-black erosions and ulcers that occur on the breast (breast blisters, BB), hock burns (HB) and on the skin of the central pulp of the foot (food pad dermatitis, FPD). The most commonly affected is the pulp of the foot, followed by the hocks and chest. There are a number of factors that lead to crumb dermatitis. These include: the density of planting birds; type of troughs and the order of their use; feeding; the level of temperature and humidity in the room; type of litter, its quality and quantity; intestinal health. Birds are kept at a density of 8 individuals/m2 suffered less from dermatitis than those kept at a density of 13 individuals/m2 . Moreover, the harmful effects of high density were particularly pronounced at 18 individuals/m2 . The prevalence and severity of this pathology in broilers increases at later stages of fattening. Pododermatitis spread to several layers of skin. The condition of the crumbs worsened when the bird reached slaughter age with up to 64 % of the carcasses affected. In this case, lesions of the hocks and chest were rare. Wet litter (> 30 % moisture) is associated with an increase in the incidence and severity of contact dermatitis in broiler and turkey housing systems. This state of litter is most often registered in the winter-spring and autumn seasons. The quality of the litter, especially taking into account its humidity, has been identified as an important issue of well-being, which has a great negative impact on the condition of feathers, limb health and the frequency of contact dermatitis. Litter temperature is also important. With its growth, the degree of contact dermatitis increases. The reason for the increase in litter temperature is the increase in planting density and the accumulation of more manure, which enhances bacterial fermentation. With wet litter, bird feathers become wet or contaminated with litter, feces and dirt. It loses its protective properties. The level of bird welfare is declining sharply. Diagnosis of contact dermatitis in poultry is based on characteristic clinical signs. These are lameness, impaired mobility and discoloration of the skin, which often develops into an ulcer. The lesions are clearly separated from the intact tissue and often appear as ulcers surrounded by a deep hemorrhagic shaft. Contact dermatitis can develop in less than a week. Characteristic signs at the beginning of the disease are swelling, redness and increase in local temperature, thickening of the skin. Deep ulcers usually lead to abscesses in the underlying tissues and structures. Often the affected area is covered with crusts. If large ulcers develop, they can cause pain, slow growth, obstruct gait, and open bacteria to underlying tissues.\u0000Key words: broilers, contact dermatitis, dermatitis of the central pulp of the finger, dermatitis in the area of the hock","PeriodicalId":34230,"journal":{"name":"Naukovii visnik veterinarnoyi meditsini","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69583216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Climatic stress in pregnant sows: adaptive responses and effects on productivity","authors":"O. Poroshinska, S. Shmayun, L. Stovbetska, A. Yemelyanenko, N. Nishemenko, V. Koziy","doi":"10.33245/2310-4902-2021-168-2-147-157","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33245/2310-4902-2021-168-2-147-157","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents data from the scientific literaturedescribing the influence of microclimate parameters on thebody of sows and their offspring. The key factors of thenormal course of physiological processes in the body of sowsand piglets are the optimal temperature, light, air velocity andhumidity. Sensitivity of sows to climatic factors increasessignificantly during pregnancy and lactation. At elevatedoutdoor temperatures, heat stress develops, which negativelyaffects well-being and productivity of sows and significantlyharms the offspring due to intrauterine temperature load. Itis established that there are differences in genetic tolerance to high temperature between different breeds of sows.Changes in physiological and behavioral parameters can beobserved at different stages of the reproductive cycle of sows.Pregnant sows respond to heat stress by increasing rectal andskin temperature, respiration rate and reducing their overallactivity. Elevated ambient temperature during late pregnancyincreases the catabolism of lipids and proteins in the bodyof sows, the concentration of adrenocorticotropic hormone,cortisol in the blood increases. Heat-exposed sows also havea shorter gestation period and a lower nest weight of pigletsat birth. During lactation, there are changes in general andfeed behavior, reduced feed intake and as a result, the processof milk production is disrupted. In particular, it was foundthat with increasing temperature from 20.0 to 29.0 °C milkproduction in sows decreases from 10.43 to 7.35 kg/day(p <0.05). The content of immunoglobulins, vitamins andmicroelements in milk decreases. This leads to a violation ofimportant physiological functions of the body of piglets andhas a negative impact on their growth and development. Themost critical periods for sows are the end of summer and thebeginning of autumn, when anestrus is observed, the rates offertilization, farrowing, fertility and weight gain of piglets arereduced. This is due to an imbalance in the hypothalamicpituitary-adrenal system and high levels of melatonin in theblood. The use of physiological and behavioral indicatorsis necessary to prevent climatic stress and increase animalproductivity.\u0000Key words: physiology, pigs, stress factors, thermoregulation, behavior, reproductive system, pregnancy, lactation.","PeriodicalId":34230,"journal":{"name":"Naukovii visnik veterinarnoyi meditsini","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69583018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}