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{"title":"Prinsip Epistemologi Makrifat dalam Tasawuf Bagi Penguatan Karakter","authors":"Nunu Burhanuddin","doi":"10.30983/FUADUNA.V4I2.3593","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30983/FUADUNA.V4I2.3593","url":null,"abstract":"This paper elaborates the concept of knowledge according to the Sufis through the concept of makrifat, which is hierarchically achieved through a process of soul purification (tazkiyah al-nafs). From this process is born awareness of the oneness of Allah, the Most Absolute, which involves the potential of the senses and reason. The research in this article uses the literature study method of Sufism written by Sufis, especially when discussing the subject of makrifat. Such as the works of Rasâil al-Junaid by Al-Junaid al-Baghdadi, Ihya 'Ulum al-Din by Abu Hâmid al-Ghazali, and Kitab al-Zuhud by Ahmad bin Hanbal. The results showed that there are epistemological principles in the science of Sufism (makrifat) that can lead to the acquisition of rational knowledge that is integrated with righteous deeds and the formation of character. These epistemological principles are in the form of liberation of ego, superego, and lust, principles of piety and sincerity, principles of faith that guarantee the functionalization of reason, and principles of revelation that ratify empirical, rational, and intuitive knowledge. These epistemological principles are seen as relevant for the creation of character education and complete human action. Tulisan ini mengelaborasi konsep pengetahuan menurut para sufi melalui konsep makrifat, yang secara hirarkis dicapai melalui proses penyucian jiwa (tazkiyah al-nafs). Dari proses ini lahirlah kesadaran akan keesaan Allah Yang Maha Absolut yang melibatkan potensi inderawi dan rasio. Penelitian dalam artikel ini menggunakan metode studi kepustakaan atas karya-karya tasawuf yang ditulis oleh para sufi, khususnya ketika membahas perihal makrifat. Seperti karya Rasâil al-Junaid oleh Al-Junaid al-Baghdadi, Ihya ‘Ulum al-Din oleh Abu Hâmid al-Ghazali, dan Kitab al-Zuhud oleh Ahmad bin Hanbal. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat prinsip-prinsip epistemologi dalam ilmu tasawuf (makrifat) yang dapat mengantarkan kepada perolehan pengetahuan rasional yang terintegrasi dengan amal saleh dan terbentuknya karakter. Prinsip-prinsip epistemologis tersebut berupa pembebasan ego, super ego dan hawa nafsu, prinsip kesalehan dan kesungguhan, prinsip iman yang menjamin fungsionalisasi akal, serta prinsip kewahyuan yang meratifikasi pengetahuan empiris, rasional dan intuitif. Prinsip-prinsip epistemologis ini dipandang relevan bagi terciptanya pendidikan berkarakter dan tindakan paripurna manusia.","PeriodicalId":34228,"journal":{"name":"Fokus","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91387503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dari Konversi ke Resistensi: Strategi Kebertahanan Agama Lokal dalam Pusaran Pluralitas Terbatas","authors":"Apriliyani Harahap, Zaenuddin Zaenuddin","doi":"10.30983/FUADUNA.V4I2.3381","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30983/FUADUNA.V4I2.3381","url":null,"abstract":"This article discusses the construction of defining religion in Indonesia which cannot be separated from the influence of the world religions paradigm. Indonesia is one of the countries that has implemented a religious management policy based on recognition, through Law no. 1/PNPS 1965 concerning the Prevention of Religious Abuse and/or Blasphemy. This research article focuses on examining how the patterns and strategies adopted by the adherents of local religions in Indonesia can exist in the middle of the vortex of recognition of official religions by the state. With the library research method analyzed using a content analysis approach, this article finds that the patterns and strategies used by adherents of local religions to maintain their existence are conversion or conversion, religious syncretism, and resistance, namely refuses to be affiliated with world religions. The various patterns and strategies that have emerged are the response of local religions to various state policies that co-opt their rights, especially civil rights in services and fulfillment of their needs, including civil registration, access to education, health facilities and facilities, to the registration of marriage. Artikel ini membahas tentang konstruksi pendefinisian agama di Indonesia yang tidak lepas dari pengaruh paradigma agama dunia. Indonesia merupakan salah satu negara yang menerapkan kebijakan pengelolaan agama berdasarkan pengakuan, melalui UU No. 1/PNPS Tahun 1965 Tentang Pencegahan Penyalahgunaan dan/atau Penodaan Agama. Riset artikel ini fokus untuk mengkaji bagaimana pola dan strategi yang diterapkan oleh para penganut agama Lokal di Indonesia agar dapat eksis di tengah pusaran pengakuan agama-agama resmi oleh negara. Dengan metode studi kepustakaan (library research) yang dianalisis menggunakan pendekatan analisis isi (content analysis), artikel ini menemukan bahwa pola dan strategi yang digunakan oleh penganut agama lokal dalam mempertahankan eksistensinya adalah dengan melakukan konversi atau pindah agama, sinkretisme agama, dan resistensi, yakni menolak untuk diafiliasikan dengan agama dunia. Ragam pola dan strategi yang mengemuka ini sebagai respon agama lokal terhadap berbagai kebijakan negara yang mengkooptasi hak-hak mereka, terutama hak-hak sipil dalam pelayanan dan pemenuhan kebutuhannya, baik pencatatan sipil, akses pendidikan, sarana dan fasilitas kesehatan, hingga pencatatan perkawinan.","PeriodicalId":34228,"journal":{"name":"Fokus","volume":"116 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86212589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Persepsi Ibu-Ibu Nasabah Terhadap Program Pembiayaan Paket Masa Depan Bank BTPN Syariah (Mobile Marketing Syariah) X Koto Tanah Datar","authors":"Yurri Trinanda, Damsar Damsar, Bob Alfiandi","doi":"10.29240/JF.V5I2.1892","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29240/JF.V5I2.1892","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to determine the perceptions of women customer of the Bank BTPN Syariah MMS (Mobile Marketing Syariah) X Koto Tanah Datar Future Package financing program. The method used in this research is qualitative method. Data collection techniques: Observation, Interview and Documentation, Data Analysis: Miles Huberman. Bank BTPN Syariah unit MMS (Mobile Marketing Syariah) X Koto presents a future package financing program based on sharia principles which focuses its activities on providing business capital financing and aims to prosper underprivileged women in rural areas, especially (mothers) in X Koto Tanah Datar. The results showed that the implementation of the future package financing program for Bank BTPN Syariah MMS X Koto was not in accordance with sharia principles, the installment payment system was not affordable and the margin / profit received by the Bank was very high at 30% to 43%. This has resulted in poor perceptions from customer mothers of future package financing programs.","PeriodicalId":34228,"journal":{"name":"Fokus","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49304462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tafsir Lathâif al-Isyârât Imam al-Qusyairy: Karakteristik dan Corak Penafsiran","authors":"Hafizzullah Hafizzullah, Nurhidayati Ismail, Risqo Faridatul Ulya","doi":"10.30983/FUADUNA.V4I2.3594","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30983/FUADUNA.V4I2.3594","url":null,"abstract":"<p><em>Imam al-Qusyairiy who is known as one of the leading figures of Sufi scholars, is also a </em>Muhaddits<em> and </em>Mufassir<em>. Among his monumental works in the field of interpretation is </em>Lathâif al-Isyârât'<em>s interpretation book. In this study the author will illustrate how the book is, in terms of content, purpose of writing and the method used in its interpretation. This type of research is library research focusing on </em>Lathâif al-Isyârât's<em> interpretation of the book, using content analysis methods. The results showed that Tafsir al-Qusyairiy or </em>Lathâif al-Isyârât<em> was a classical interpretation which became a reference for enthusiasts of </em>Isyariy<em>-style interpretation written by a </em>tsiqah<em> hadith scholar. The Isyariy interpretation style referred to is the interpretation style based on the signs contained in the al-Qur'an verse which can only be obtained by </em>Ma’rifah<em> experts. In writing his commentary, Imam Al-Qusyairiy uses the </em>ijmâli<em> method, without being elaborate, so that it does not bore the reader, by interpreting one verse in its isyariy style then includes an analysis of the meaning contained by the verse, both zahir and spiritual meaning.</em></p><p>Imam al-Qusyairiy yang dikenal sebagai salah seorang sosok tokoh ulama sufi, ternyata juga seorang <em>muhaddits</em> dan <em>mufassir</em>. Di antara karya monumentalnya dalam bidang tafsir adalah kitab tafsir <em>Lathâif al-Isyârât</em>. Dalam penelitian ini penulis akan menggambarkan bagaimana kitab tersebut, baik dari segi gambaran isi, tujuan penulisan, dan metode yang dipakai dalam penafsirannya. Jenis penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kepustakaan (<em>library research</em>) dengan menfokuskan penelitian pada kitab tafsir <em>Lathâif al-Isyârât</em>, dengan menggunakan metode analisis isi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Tafsir al-Qusyairiy atau <em>Lathâif al-Isyârât</em> adalah tafsir klasik yang menjadi rujukan bagi peminat tafsir bercorak <em>Isyariy</em><em> </em>yang ditulis oleh seorang ulama hadis yang<em> tsiqah</em>. Corak penafsiran <em>Isyariy</em><em> </em>yang dimaksud yaitu yaitu corak penafsiran berdasarkan isyarat-isyarat yang terkandung dalam ayat al-Qur’an yang hanya dapat didapatkan oleh para <em>Ahli Ma’rifah</em>. Dalam penulisan tafsirnya Imam Al-Qusyairiy menggunakan metode <em>ijmâli</em>, tanpa berpanjang lebar, sehingga tidak membosankan pembacanya, dengan menafsirkan satu ayat dengan corak <em>isyariy-</em>nya kemudian menyantumkan analisis terhadap makna yang dikandung oleh ayat baik itu makna <em>zhahir</em> maupun makna <em>bathin.</em></p><p><em><br /></em></p>","PeriodicalId":34228,"journal":{"name":"Fokus","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90116663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Kerukshahan Meninggalkan Shalat Jum’at Pada Hari Raya Idain (Studi Takhrij Hadis)","authors":"Edriagus Saputra, Z. Zakiyah, D. Sari","doi":"10.29240/JF.V5I2.1911","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29240/JF.V5I2.1911","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to determine the quality of the hadith about Islamic remission of leaving Friday prayer in coincidence with Eid al-Fitr or Eid al-Adha, both from the sanad and matan. This study is also to find out the hadith’s meanings. By means of takhrij al-hadith and fiqh al-hadith methods, it is concluded that the hadith about Islamic remission of living Friday prayer in coincidence with the 'Idain is dhaif because the sanad, Iyas bin Ramlah and Israil got jarah of the Muslim scholars in all channels of the hadith’s sanad. Meanwhile, for the understanding of Muslim scholars about the Islamic remission of leaving Friday prayer on the 'Idain, it is permissible as long as there are certain syar'i cases causing not to be able to perform Friday prayer, such as: rainy days, sickness, travelers, or being in the domicile far from the places that hold Friday prayer","PeriodicalId":34228,"journal":{"name":"Fokus","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44267569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Islam dan Internet: Toleransi Beragama di Dunia Maya","authors":"S. Sandriansyah","doi":"10.29240/JF.V5I2.1938","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29240/JF.V5I2.1938","url":null,"abstract":"Religious life is very dynamic, especially supported by increasingly advanced technological developments. Of course, the discussion of tolerance must follow the current technological developments because technological developments support it. With the existence of social media, people can gather through an Internet network called the virtual world, both from various countries and religions. This will create vulnerability to religious tolerance because the existence of social media conceivably allows people to show hatred towards other religions, to which according to them is against their religion. Relevant to the studied object, this research is included in the type of library research. Sources of data used in this literature are derived from the Internet, such as YouTube","PeriodicalId":34228,"journal":{"name":"Fokus","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46379787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dampak Kuliah Kerja Nyata Dalam Pengembangan Keagamaan Bagi Remaja","authors":"Cheni Eka Putri Wulandari, Sugiatno Sugiatno, S. Siswanto","doi":"10.29240/JF.V5I2.1830","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29240/JF.V5I2.1830","url":null,"abstract":"The field work study can bring about new changes in society, and one of which is in the religious field. Thus, there will be an impact of field work study. As in the field work study held in Cawang Lama Village, students as the agents of change can make a real contribution to society through this program. Accordingly, this research aims to find out the impact of field work study on adolescents’ religious development in Cawang Lama Village. Religious development is supported by several factors, one of which is the field work study which has a very influential impact on society. The type of this research is field research with a qualitative descriptive approach. The object is Cawang Lama Village, and the subjects are adolescents. From this research, it is known that the field work study has a positive impact on adolescents’ religious development through the programs that have been implemented by students.","PeriodicalId":34228,"journal":{"name":"Fokus","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45301742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impelementasi Pemeliharaan Jiwa (Hifz Al-Nafs) Pada Pengasuhan Anak Berbasis Keluarga","authors":"Aay Siti Raohatul Hayat","doi":"10.29240/JF.V5I2.1404","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29240/JF.V5I2.1404","url":null,"abstract":"The formula for nurturing the soul always receives interesting discussions, likewise the SOS Children's Village as the largest non-governmental organization dedicated to caring for children who are abandoned and have lost their parents. The SOS Children's Village of Semarang believes that every child deserves to have a loving home by giving children supports they need to grow strong in sustaining life. This article focused on the discussion on how SOS Children's Village formulates ḥifẓ al-nafs by means of parenting styles applied in SOS. The phenomenological approach was used to see how the formulation of soul care was applied by SOS, so that the maintenance of the soul as a part of maqāṣid al-sharī'ah could be more unique due to the emphasis on applicative and empirical nourishment of the soul. SOS had three (3) work programs, namely family-based care, family strengthening programs, and disaster emergency response. The three programs were oriented towards fulfilling children's rights as an effort to nurture children's souls so that they could grow and develop like children with nuclear families, where children who lost their care would live in an SOS village with a substitute family. This concept of care involved a foster mother in each house as the center of care, other children as siblings in the family home, and the SOS Family Village. The forms of care provided by the foster mother included paying attention, supervising, interacting and giving support to the SOS children. Also, the values conveyed in this parenting included religion, love and affection, responsibility and discipline","PeriodicalId":34228,"journal":{"name":"Fokus","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44989221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perlindungan Hukum dari Negara Terhadap Masyarakat Fakir Miskin Menurut Konsep Welfare State (Studi Pengentasan Kemiskinan Masyarakat di Kota Palembang)","authors":"M. Arifin, Muhammad Syahri Ramadhan, Happy Warsito, A. Nugraha","doi":"10.29240/JF.V5I2.1967","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29240/JF.V5I2.1967","url":null,"abstract":"The process of implementing the concept of a welfare state by the Indonesian government towards its people is a problem of poverty. The number of needy people in Indonesia is enormous. This is what underlies poverty to be considered a serious problem so that the Indonesian government provides specific regulations related to poverty handling through the issuance of Law no. 13 of 2001 concerning Management of the Poor. In the South Sumatra region, particularly the city of Palembang itself, the problem of poverty is a big task that must be faced by regional officials and other related agencies. The Social Service of South Sumatra Province stated that Palembang City was the city with the highest number of poor people compared to other districts / cities in South Sumatra. This of course requires the right policies in handling it, one of which is through the issuance of the Regional Regulation of South Sumatra Province Number 7 of 2017 concerning poverty reduction in South Sumatra","PeriodicalId":34228,"journal":{"name":"Fokus","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42045514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Butir-Butir Nilai Pancasila Dalam Kajian Tafsir Mudhu’iy","authors":"Ahmad Dibul Amda, R. Ratnawati, Mirzon Daheri","doi":"10.29240/JF.V5I2.1666","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29240/JF.V5I2.1666","url":null,"abstract":"The attitude opposing Pancasila on one hand rests upon the Qur’an as the legal basis for the people and on the other hand is a consistently hot discourse. The foregoing makes it essential to study the relevance of Pancasila and the Qur’an. The researchers examine the Qur’anic viewpoint on Pancasila by examining its relevance to the values of Pancasila’s points. This library research is descriptive qualitative. The researchers use the maudhu'iy tafsir approach in elaborating Qur’anic verses to see their compatibility with Pancasila. Maudhu'iy's interpretation begins by collecting verses related to the problem, analyzing their meanings so that they come to a conclusion. From the research, it can be understood that Pancasila and the Qur’an have the same intentions and meaning relationships. In principle, Pancasila is the Islamic teaching in the Qur’an. This conclusion is indicated by the 45 points of Pancasila’s values in that all of which have relevant meanings to the Qur’an","PeriodicalId":34228,"journal":{"name":"Fokus","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44477507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}