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Discontent, Conflict, Social Resistance and Violence at Non-metallic Mining Frontiers in India 印度非金属矿业前沿的不满、冲突、社会抵抗与暴力
Ecology Economy and Society - The INSEE Journal Pub Date : 2019-01-31 DOI: 10.37773/ees.v2i1.54
A. Bisht
{"title":"Discontent, Conflict, Social Resistance and Violence at Non-metallic Mining Frontiers in India","authors":"A. Bisht","doi":"10.37773/ees.v2i1.54","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37773/ees.v2i1.54","url":null,"abstract":"The twenty-first century is witnessing increased extraction of natural resources across the globe, which includes biomass, metal ores and tailings, fossil energy carriers, and industrial and construction materials. Increasing extraction of resources is largely a result of either intensification of extractive operations in existing extractive locations, or as a result of expansion of frontiers of resource extraction to new geospatial locations across the world. Amongst these, extraction of construction materials has been the highest in the last century. This article analyses conflicts surrounding such minerals which are non-metallic, low value, and extracted to a large degree by local or regional extractive agents, with a special focus on the social violence exerted in such conflicts.","PeriodicalId":34130,"journal":{"name":"Ecology Economy and Society - The INSEE Journal","volume":"261 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79648968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Editorial: Some Insights on the Role of Violence 社论:关于暴力作用的一些见解
Ecology Economy and Society - The INSEE Journal Pub Date : 2019-01-31 DOI: 10.37773/ees.v2i1.53
J. Martínez-Alier, B. Roy
{"title":"Editorial: Some Insights on the Role of Violence","authors":"J. Martínez-Alier, B. Roy","doi":"10.37773/ees.v2i1.53","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37773/ees.v2i1.53","url":null,"abstract":"The term Ecological Distribution Conflicts (EDCs) was coined about 20 years ago by ecological economists (Martinez-Alier and O’Connor 1996) to describe social conflicts born from the unfair access to natural resources and the unjust burdens of pollution. The ultimate cause of such conflicts is the growth and changes in the social metabolism (the flows of energy and materials) concomitant with economic growth. In political ecology, the terms socio-environmental conflict, environmental conflict or EDC are interchangeable. Despite the processes of technological change and ‘ecological modernization’, unfair ecological distribution appears to be inherent at different scales to world capitalism, defined by K. W. Kapp (1950) as a system of cost-shifting. In environmental neoclassical economics, the preferred terms are ‘market failure’ and ‘externalities’, a terminology that implies that such externalities could be valued in monetary terms and internalized into the price system. If we accept commensurability of values, then ‘equivalent’ eco-compensation mechanisms could be introduced. Instead, the environmental social sciences such as ecological economics and political ecology advocate the acceptance of different valuation languages to understand such conflicts and the need to take them into account.","PeriodicalId":34130,"journal":{"name":"Ecology Economy and Society - The INSEE Journal","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90070689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Importance of Tightly Coupled Equations in Modelling Grassland Ecological Economics 紧耦合方程在草地生态经济建模中的重要性
Ecology Economy and Society - The INSEE Journal Pub Date : 2019-01-31 DOI: 10.37773/ees.v2i1.59
C. P. Geevan, A. M. Dixit, C. Silori
{"title":"Importance of Tightly Coupled Equations in Modelling Grassland Ecological Economics","authors":"C. P. Geevan, A. M. Dixit, C. Silori","doi":"10.37773/ees.v2i1.59","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37773/ees.v2i1.59","url":null,"abstract":"The research reported by Mathur and Sharma (2018), referred hereafter as M&S, analyses the interactions between ecology and economy of the Banni grassland, located in the district of Kachchh, Gujarat, through a system dynamic model factoring in area covered by the invasive mesquite Prosopis juliflora (mesquite-covered area, hereafter MCA, Ap in M&S) and the incomes from livestock and mesquite. M&S has, however, overlooked the previous work on economy-ecology linkages of the region (Geevan et al 2003, 2005). Certain selections from the Geevan et al study, the discussion on system dynamics modelling framework, were published by INSEE as a book chapter (Sengupta and Bandyopadhyay 2005). While M&S has cited Geevan et al (2003) several times, its system dynamics model, which is central to the work, was overlooked. This oversight seems to have led to several flawed formulations in M&S. We briefly point out these.","PeriodicalId":34130,"journal":{"name":"Ecology Economy and Society - The INSEE Journal","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77016346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Environment, Sustainability and Equity 环境、可持续发展与公平
Ecology Economy and Society - The INSEE Journal Pub Date : 2019-01-31 DOI: 10.37773/ees.v2i1.49
K. Bawa
{"title":"Environment, Sustainability and Equity","authors":"K. Bawa","doi":"10.37773/ees.v2i1.49","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37773/ees.v2i1.49","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":34130,"journal":{"name":"Ecology Economy and Society - The INSEE Journal","volume":"103 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76691311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Quantifying Air Pollution Vulnerability and its Distributional Consequences 量化空气污染脆弱性及其分布后果
Ecology Economy and Society - The INSEE Journal Pub Date : 2019-01-31 DOI: 10.37773/ees.v2i1.57
Shivani Gupta, Sukanya Das, M. N. Murty
{"title":"Quantifying Air Pollution Vulnerability and its Distributional Consequences","authors":"Shivani Gupta, Sukanya Das, M. N. Murty","doi":"10.37773/ees.v2i1.57","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37773/ees.v2i1.57","url":null,"abstract":"This paper estimates Vulnerability Index of air pollution in Delhi taking into account exposure, susceptibility and coping capacity of households. A general health production function model and a vulnerability assessment framework are used for this purpose.  Data was collected through a survey of sample households located in close vicinity to 10 air pollution monitoring stations in Delhi. The estimated vulnerability index is used to show the effect of household exposure to air pollution. The vulnerability index takes into consideration sample households’ socio-economic status, demographic profile and other characteristics. Result showed that households of lower socio-economic status were the most vulnerable to air pollution and its consequences. \u0000The study also quantifies the economic benefits to Delhi households from reduction in air pollution to the standard safety limits of PM10 (100 µg/m3). Estimates show that the total annual economic (health) benefits for a typical household is Rs. 33,978 and for the whole population of Delhi is Rs. 52.4 billion. The study also found that a household of a lower socio-economic status could save much more out of their annual income (4.96 per cent) as compared to a household of a higher socio-economic status (1.97 per cent) from reduced air pollution.","PeriodicalId":34130,"journal":{"name":"Ecology Economy and Society - The INSEE Journal","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89442192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Shooting at the Wrong Target 射击错误的目标
Ecology Economy and Society - The INSEE Journal Pub Date : 2019-01-31 DOI: 10.37773/ees.v2i1.63
E. Somanathan
{"title":"Shooting at the Wrong Target","authors":"E. Somanathan","doi":"10.37773/ees.v2i1.63","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37773/ees.v2i1.63","url":null,"abstract":"The contributors to this book are united in their dismay and condemnation of two aspects of life in India today – the ecological and environmental ruination, and the inequality and poverty of many. They see these problems as inter-related and a consequence of the capitalist system. Many of them conclude that there is no way to solve these problems without putting an end to economic growth itself. Others are less categorical, merely suggesting that economic growth be given less importance than it presently receives. At least two of the authors, Jayati Ghosh and Kanchan Chopra, do not buy the argument that economic growth must end forthwith. They argue for equitable growth that does not come at the cost of undue environmental destruction. It is a strength of the book that different","PeriodicalId":34130,"journal":{"name":"Ecology Economy and Society - The INSEE Journal","volume":"77 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90638031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Mountain Agriculture at a Crossroads? 山地农业处于十字路口?
Ecology Economy and Society - The INSEE Journal Pub Date : 2019-01-31 DOI: 10.37773/ees.v2i1.61
R. Seidler, R. Lama, Poonam Rai
{"title":"Mountain Agriculture at a Crossroads?","authors":"R. Seidler, R. Lama, Poonam Rai","doi":"10.37773/ees.v2i1.61","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37773/ees.v2i1.61","url":null,"abstract":"We have been implementing an action-research program in 30 villages of the Darjeeling Hills (North Bengal). These villages are scattered around the borders of two significant protected areas, Singalila National Park and Senchel Wildlife Sanctuary. Our over-arching research questions have been: What impact is the changing climate currently having on rural life and economy, and what can be expected in the near future? To answer these questions, we have gathered data on agricultural productivity at the household level over five years. But we have also wanted to understand what options there might be for increasing rural resilience and adaptation to changing conditions; so we have supported interventions in several simple but useful agricultural technologies. These include polyhouses to protect delicate crops such as chillies and leafy greens; bee boxes to increase and systematize honey production, and to support pollination services;","PeriodicalId":34130,"journal":{"name":"Ecology Economy and Society - The INSEE Journal","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79414739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Sustainability Transitions from an Ecological Economic Perspective 生态经济视角下的可持续转型
Ecology Economy and Society - The INSEE Journal Pub Date : 2019-01-31 DOI: 10.37773/ees.v2i1.50
I. Røpke
{"title":"Sustainability Transitions from an Ecological Economic Perspective","authors":"I. Røpke","doi":"10.37773/ees.v2i1.50","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37773/ees.v2i1.50","url":null,"abstract":"The concept of sustainability transition is widely used, and the desirability of such transitions is generally emphasized. However, various authors and research fields attach widely different meanings to the concept, particularly with regard to the degree of radicality implied. This brief commentary introduces an ecological economic perspective on sustainability transitions, which can be considered one of the more radical versions of the concept. First, the ecological economic understanding of the challenges is presented, and second, some topical aspects of the research agenda of the field and some of its close cousins are outlined.","PeriodicalId":34130,"journal":{"name":"Ecology Economy and Society - The INSEE Journal","volume":"166 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76879692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Ecological Critiques of Exclusionary Conservation 排他性保护的生态学批评
Ecology Economy and Society - The INSEE Journal Pub Date : 2019-01-31 DOI: 10.37773/ees.v2i1.51
Asmita Kabra
{"title":"Ecological Critiques of Exclusionary Conservation","authors":"Asmita Kabra","doi":"10.37773/ees.v2i1.51","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37773/ees.v2i1.51","url":null,"abstract":"The conquest of the earth, which mostly means the taking it away from those who have a different complexion or slightly flatter noses than ourselves, is not a pretty thing when you look into it too much. What redeems it is the idea only. An idea at the back of it; not a sentimental pretence but an idea; and an unselfish belief in the idea—something you can set up, and bow down before, and offer a sacrifice to. (Joseph Conrad, 1899, The Heart of Darkness, Blackwood’s Magazine)","PeriodicalId":34130,"journal":{"name":"Ecology Economy and Society - The INSEE Journal","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89013248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 8
Tides of Change in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands 安达曼和尼科巴群岛的潮汐变化
Ecology Economy and Society - The INSEE Journal Pub Date : 2019-01-31 DOI: 10.37773/ees.v2i1.62
M. Oommen, M. Ramesh
{"title":"Tides of Change in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands","authors":"M. Oommen, M. Ramesh","doi":"10.37773/ees.v2i1.62","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37773/ees.v2i1.62","url":null,"abstract":"The Andaman and Nicobar Islands (ANI) in the Bay of Bengal came to be a part of India via the colonial legacy of a penal settlement, but seldom figured – barring the Indian freedom struggle of 1857 – in the nation's collective consciousness. From Indian independence until the beginning of this millennium, the archipelago was a developmental backwater neglected by mainstream planning interventions. On the other hand, its ecological uniqueness has been recognized for long because this archipelago is encompassed within two global biodiversity hotspots: the Andamans form a part of the Indo-Burma hotspot and the Nicobars form the northwestern extremity of the Sundaland hotspot. Many conservation imperatives have emerged from the high levels of diversity and endemism seen here for many taxa.","PeriodicalId":34130,"journal":{"name":"Ecology Economy and Society - The INSEE Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72911215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
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