Quantum Reports最新文献_第8页

Why the Many-Worlds Interpretation? 为什么会有多世界解释?

Quantum Reports Pub Date : 2022-08-04 DOI: 10.3390/quantum4030018

L. Vaidman

引用次数: 8

Non-Relativistic Energy Spectra of the Modified Hylleraas Potential and Its Thermodynamic Properties in Arbitrary Dimensions 任意维度上改进Hylleraas势的非相对论能谱及其热力学性质

Quantum Reports Pub Date : 2022-07-29 DOI: 10.3390/quantum4030016

C. Edet, J. Osang, N. Ali, E. Agbo, S. Aljunid, R. Endut, E. Ettah, R. Khordad, A. Ikot, Muhammad Asjad

引用次数: 2

End-to-End Entanglement Generation Strategies: Capacity Bounds and Impact on Quantum Key Distribution 端到端纠缠生成策略:容量边界及其对量子密钥分发的影响

Quantum Reports Pub Date : 2022-07-29 DOI: 10.3390/quantum4030017

A. Manzalini, M. Amoretti

{"title":"End-to-End Entanglement Generation Strategies: Capacity Bounds and Impact on Quantum Key Distribution","authors":"A. Manzalini, M. Amoretti","doi":"10.3390/quantum4030017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/quantum4030017","url":null,"abstract":"A first quantum revolution has already brought quantum technologies into our everyday life for decades: in fact, electronics and optics are based on the quantum mechanical principles. Today, a second quantum revolution is underway, leveraging the quantum principles of superposition, entanglement and measurement, which were not fully exploited yet. International innovation activities and standardization bodies have identified four main application areas for quantum technologies and services: quantum secure communications, quantum computing, quantum simulation, and quantum sensing and metrology. This paper focuses on quantum secure communications by addressing the evolution of Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) networks (under early exploitation today) towards the Quantum-ready networks and the Quantum Internet based also on entanglement distribution. Assuming that management and control of quantum nodes is a key challenge under definition, today, a main obstacle in exploiting long-range QKD and Quantum-ready networks concerns the inherent losses due to the optical transmission channels. Currently, it is assumed that a most promising way for overcoming this limitation, while avoiding the presence of costly trusted nodes, it is to distribute entangled states by means of Quantum Repeaters. In this respect, the paper provides an overview of current methods and systems for end-to-end entanglement generation, with some simulations and a discussion of capacity upper bounds and their impact of secret key rate in QKD systems.","PeriodicalId":34124,"journal":{"name":"Quantum Reports","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46891034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

Entanglement in Quantum Search Database: Periodicity Variations and Counting 量子搜索数据库中的纠缠：周期性变化与计数

Quantum Reports Pub Date : 2022-07-22 DOI: 10.3390/quantum4030015

D. Ellinas, Christos Konstandakis

引用次数: 0

The Topology of Quantum Theory and Social Choice 量子理论拓扑与社会选择

Quantum Reports Pub Date : 2022-06-16 DOI: 10.3390/quantum4020014

G. Chichilnisky

{"title":"The Topology of Quantum Theory and Social Choice","authors":"G. Chichilnisky","doi":"10.3390/quantum4020014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/quantum4020014","url":null,"abstract":"Based on the axioms of quantum theory, we identify a class of topological singularities that encode a fundamental difference between classic and quantum probability, and explain quantum theory’s puzzles and phenomena in simple mathematical terms so they are no longer ‘quantum paradoxes’. The singularities provide also new experimental insights and predictions that are presented in this article and establish a surprising new connection between the physical and social sciences. The key is the topology of spaces of quantum events and of the frameworks postulated by these axioms. These are quite different from their counterparts in classic probability and explain mathematically the interference between quantum experiments and the existence of several frameworks or ‘violation of unicity’ that characterizes quantum physics. They also explain entanglement, the Heisenberg uncertainty principle, order dependence of observations, the conjunction fallacy and geometric phenomena such as Pancharatnam–Berry phases. Somewhat surprisingly, we find that the same topological singularities explain the impossibility of selecting a social preference among different individual preferences: which is Arrow’s social choice paradox: the foundations of social choice and of quantum theory are therefore mathematically equivalent. We identify necessary and sufficient conditions on how to restrict experiments to avoid these singularities and recover unicity, avoiding possible interference between experiments and also quantum paradoxes; the same topological restriction is shown to provide a resolution to the social choice impossibility theorem of Chichilnisky.","PeriodicalId":34124,"journal":{"name":"Quantum Reports","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48697682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

ATP-Dependent Mismatch Recognition in DNA Replication Mismatch Repair DNA复制错配修复中的ATP依赖性错配识别

Quantum Reports Pub Date : 2022-06-07 DOI: 10.3390/quantum5030037

Nianshu Zhang, Yongjun Zhang

{"title":"ATP-Dependent Mismatch Recognition in DNA Replication Mismatch Repair","authors":"Nianshu Zhang, Yongjun Zhang","doi":"10.3390/quantum5030037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/quantum5030037","url":null,"abstract":"Mismatch repair is a critical step in DNA replication that occurs after base selection and proofreading, significantly increasing fidelity. However, the mechanism of mismatch recognition has not been established for any repair enzyme. Speculations in this area mainly focus on exploiting thermodynamic equilibrium and free energy. Nevertheless, non-equilibrium processes may play a more significant role in enhancing mismatch recognition accuracy by utilizing adenosine triphosphate (ATP). This study aimed to investigate this possibility. Considering our limited knowledge of actual mismatch repair enzymes, we proposed a hypothetical enzyme that operates as a quantum system with three discrete energy levels. When the enzyme is raised to its highest energy level, a quantum transition occurs, leading to one of two low-energy levels representing potential recognition outcomes: a correct match or a mismatch. The probabilities of the two outcomes are exponentially different, determined by the energy gap between the two low energy levels. By flipping the energy gap, discrimination between mismatches and correct matches can be achieved. Within a framework that combines quantum mechanics with thermodynamics, we established a relationship between energy cost and the recognition error.","PeriodicalId":34124,"journal":{"name":"Quantum Reports","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43006810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Application of Quantum Cognition to Judgments for Medical Decisions 量子认知在医疗决策判断中的应用

Quantum Reports Pub Date : 2022-04-19 DOI: 10.3390/quantum4020013

Sheng Yi, Meijuan Lu, J. Busemeyer

引用次数: 0

A Potential-Based Quantization Procedure of the Damped Oscillator 基于电位的阻尼振荡器量化方法

Quantum Reports Pub Date : 2022-04-06 DOI: 10.3390/quantum4040028

Ferenc M'arkus, Katalin Gamb'ar

引用次数: 3

Quantum Biology Research Meets Pathophysiology and Therapeutic Mechanisms: A Biomedical Perspective 量子生物学研究与病理生理学和治疗机制:生物医学视角

Quantum Reports Pub Date : 2022-04-04 DOI: 10.3390/quantum4020011

L. Calvillo, V. Redaelli, Nicola Ludwig, Abdallah Barjas Qaswal, A. Ghidoni, A. Faini, D. Rosa, C. Lombardi, M. Pengo, P. Bossolasco, V. Silani, G. Parati

{"title":"Quantum Biology Research Meets Pathophysiology and Therapeutic Mechanisms: A Biomedical Perspective","authors":"L. Calvillo, V. Redaelli, Nicola Ludwig, Abdallah Barjas Qaswal, A. Ghidoni, A. Faini, D. Rosa, C. Lombardi, M. Pengo, P. Bossolasco, V. Silani, G. Parati","doi":"10.3390/quantum4020011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/quantum4020011","url":null,"abstract":"The recent advances of quantum biology suggest a potential role in biomedical research. Studies related to electromagnetic fields, proton pumping in mitochondrial respiratory chain, quantum theory of T-cell receptor (TCR)-degeneracy, theories on biophotons, pyrophosphates or tubulin as possible carriers for neural information, and quantum properties of ions and protons, might be useful for understanding mechanisms of some serious immune, cardiovascular, and neural pathologies for which classic biomedical research, based on biochemical approach, is struggling to find new therapeutic strategies. A breakthrough in medical knowledge is therefore needed in order to improve the understanding of the complex interactions among various systems and organs typical of such pathologies. In particular, problems related to immune system over-activation, to the role of autonomic nervous system (ANS) dysfunction in the obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) syndrome, to the clinical consequences of ion channels dysfunction and inherited cardiac diseases, could benefit from the new perspective provided by quantum biology advancement. Overall, quantum biology might provide a promising biophysical theoretic system, on which to base pathophysiology understanding and hopefully therapeutic strategies. With the present work, authors hope to open a constructive and multidisciplinary debate on this important topic.","PeriodicalId":34124,"journal":{"name":"Quantum Reports","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43675099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

Mitigation of Routing Congestion on Data Networks: A Quantum Game Theory Approach 缓解数据网络上的路由拥塞:量子博弈论方法

Quantum Reports Pub Date : 2022-03-25 DOI: 10.3390/quantum4020010

Agustin Silva, O. G. Zabaleta, C. Arizmendi

{"title":"Mitigation of Routing Congestion on Data Networks: A Quantum Game Theory Approach","authors":"Agustin Silva, O. G. Zabaleta, C. Arizmendi","doi":"10.3390/quantum4020010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/quantum4020010","url":null,"abstract":"Because of the sustained growth of information and mobile users transmitting a great amount of data packets, modern network performances are being seriously affected by congestion problems. In fact, congestion management is a challenging task that can be roughly summarized as a trade off between transmission latency and cost. In order to contribute to solve the congestion problem on communication networks, a novel framework based on a quantum game model is proposed, where network packets compete selfishly for their fastest route. Simulations show that final network routing and traveling times achieved with the quantum version outperform those obtained with a classical game model with the same options for packet transmission for both. Pareto optimality and Nash equilibrium are studied as well as the influence of simulated and real noise in the quantum protocol. This leads to the opportunity of developing full-stack protocols that may be capable of taking advantage of the quantum properties for optimizing communication systems. Due to its generality, this game approach can be applied both in classical complex networks and in future quantum networks in order to maximize the performance of the quantum internet.","PeriodicalId":34124,"journal":{"name":"Quantum Reports","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46783488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3