{"title":"Air Pollution Hotspot Detection and Source Feature Analysis using Cross-Domain Urban Data","authors":"Yawen Zhang, M. Hannigan, Q. Lv","doi":"10.1145/3474717.3484263","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3474717.3484263","url":null,"abstract":"Air pollution is a major global environmental health threat, in particular for people who live or work near air pollution sources. Areas adjacent to pollution sources often have high ambient pollution concentrations, and those areas are commonly referred to as air pollution hotspots. In this work, we explore the use of mobile sensing data to detect pollution hotspots. We propose a two-step approach to detect hotspots from unevenly sampled mobile sensing data. To contextualize the detected hotspots and discover potential pollution source characteristics, we explore a variety of cross-domain urban data and extract features from them for hotspot inference. Evaluation results using real-world mobile sensing air quality data as well as cross-domain urban data demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach in detecting and inferring pollution hotspots.","PeriodicalId":340759,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 29th International Conference on Advances in Geographic Information Systems","volume":"86 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114524183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
He Li, D. Jin, Xuejiao Li, Jianbin Huang, Jaesoo Yoo
{"title":"Multi-Task Synchronous Graph Neural Networks for Traffic Spatial-Temporal Prediction","authors":"He Li, D. Jin, Xuejiao Li, Jianbin Huang, Jaesoo Yoo","doi":"10.1145/3474717.3483921","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3474717.3483921","url":null,"abstract":"Traffic spatial-temporal prediction is of great significance to traffic management and urban construction. In this paper, we propose a multi-task graph Synchronous neural network (MTSGNN) to synchronously predict the spatial-temporal data at the regions and transitions between regions. The method of constructing \"multitask graph representation\" is proposed to retain the information of regions and transitions that existing works can not reflect. Then our model synchronously captures multiple types of dynamic spatial correlations, models dynamic temporal dependencies and re-weights different time steps to solve the problem of long-term time modeling. In three real data sets, we verify the validity of the proposed model.","PeriodicalId":340759,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 29th International Conference on Advances in Geographic Information Systems","volume":"63 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123694380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Koh Takeuchi, M. Imaizumi, Shunsuke Kanda, Yasuo Tabei, Keisuke Fujii, K. Yoda, Masakazu Ishihata, T. Maekawa
{"title":"Fréchet Kernel for Trajectory Data Analysis","authors":"Koh Takeuchi, M. Imaizumi, Shunsuke Kanda, Yasuo Tabei, Keisuke Fujii, K. Yoda, Masakazu Ishihata, T. Maekawa","doi":"10.1145/3474717.3483949","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3474717.3483949","url":null,"abstract":"Trajectory analysis has been a central problem in applications of location tracking systems. Recently, the (discrete) Fréchet distance becomes a popular approach for measuring the similarity of two trajectories because of its high feature extraction capability. Despite its importance, the Fréchet distance has several limitations: (i) sensitive to noise as a trade-off for its high feature extraction capability; and (ii) it cannot be incorporated into machine learning frameworks due to its non-smooth functions. To address these problems, we propose the Fréchet kernel (FRK), which is associated with a smoothed Fréchet distance using a combination of two approximation techniques. FRK can adaptively acquire appropriate extraction capability from trajectories while retaining robustness to noise. Theoretically, we find that FRK has a positive definite property, hence FRK can be incorporated into the kernel method. We also provide an efficient algorithm to calculate FRK. Experimentally, FRK outperforms other methods, including other kernel methods and neural networks, in various noisy real-data classification tasks.","PeriodicalId":340759,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 29th International Conference on Advances in Geographic Information Systems","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130777490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"MonoFi","authors":"Israa Fahmy, Samah Ayman, Hamada Rizk, Moustafa Youssef","doi":"10.1145/3474717.3486808","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3474717.3486808","url":null,"abstract":"Indoor localization is a key component of pervasive and mobile computing. Due to the widespread use of WiFi technology, WiFi fingerprinting is one of the most widely utilized approaches for indoor localization. Despite advancements in WiFi-based positioning approaches, existing solutions necessitate a dense deployment of access points, time-consuming manual fingerprinting, and/or special hardware. In this paper, we propose MonoFi, a novel WiFi-based indoor localization system relying only on the received signal strength from a single access point. To compensate for the low amount of information available for learning, the system trains a recurrent neural network with sequences of signal measurements. MonoFi incorporates different modules to reduce the data collection overhead, boost the scalability and improves the deep model's generalization. The proposed system is deployed and assessed in comparison to existing WiFi indoor localization systems. Our experiments with different mobile phones show that the system can achieve a median localization error of 0.80 meters, surpassing the state-of-the-art results by at least 140%.","PeriodicalId":340759,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 29th International Conference on Advances in Geographic Information Systems","volume":"62 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120890814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Christian Häcker, Panagiotis Bouros, Theodoros Chondrogiannis, Ernst Althaus
{"title":"Most Diverse Near-Shortest Paths","authors":"Christian Häcker, Panagiotis Bouros, Theodoros Chondrogiannis, Ernst Althaus","doi":"10.1145/3474717.3483955","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3474717.3483955","url":null,"abstract":"Computing the shortest path in a road network is a fundamental problem that has attracted lots of attention. However, in many real-world scenarios, determining solely the shortest path is not enough as users want to have additional, alternative ways of reaching their destination. In this paper, we investigate a novel variant of alternative routing, termed the k-Most Diverse Near-Shortest Paths (kMDNSP). In contrast to previous work, kMDNSP aims at maximizing the diversity of the recommended paths, while bounding their length based on a user-defined constraint. Our theoretical analysis proves the NP-hardness of the problem at hand. To compute an exact solution to kMDNSP, we present an algorithm which iterates over all paths that abide by the length constraint and generates k-subsets of them as candidate results. Furthermore, in order to achieve scalability, we also design three heuristic algorithms that trade the diversity of the result for performance. Our experimental analysis compares all proposed algorithms in terms of their runtime and the quality of the recommended paths.","PeriodicalId":340759,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 29th International Conference on Advances in Geographic Information Systems","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121838124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"SALON: A Universal Stay Point-Based Location Analysis Platform","authors":"Yue Hu, Sijie Ruan, Yuting Ni, Huajun He, Jie Bao, Ruiyuan Li, Yu Zheng","doi":"10.1145/3474717.3483991","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3474717.3483991","url":null,"abstract":"The prevalence of positioning technologies has fostered massive trajectory data. Stay points from trajectories indicate the visiting of moving objects to locations, which provide an opportunity to understand the locations comprehensively. Many existing works rely on stay points to analyze locations. However, they are ad-hoc solutions to tackle specific problems, and it is time-consuming and tedious to develop each application. In this paper, we propose a universal StAy point-based LOcation aNalysis platform, i.e., SALON, with the characteristics of universality, efficiency and flexibility. It can retrieve stay points using flexible conditions, associate stay points with locations, extract comprehensive location profiles and visualize the analysis results to users. Based on the combination of these functions, we demonstrate three different location analysis scenarios, i.e., illegal location discovery, popular location ranking, location temporal analysis to show its characteristics.","PeriodicalId":340759,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 29th International Conference on Advances in Geographic Information Systems","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132721389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Modeling Real Estate Dynamics Using Temporal Encoding","authors":"Chen Jiang, Jingjing Li, Wenlu Wang, Wei-Shinn Ku","doi":"10.1145/3474717.3484254","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3474717.3484254","url":null,"abstract":"Deep learning has assisted modern life in various ways. One example is that accurate economic prediction helps people better allocate and distribute their resources. In the U.S., home prices have been accelerating during the COVID-19 pandemic and climbed 13.3% in March 2021 from the previous year. Real estate market prediction is critical for home buyers and investors to make wise decisions. In some circumstances, accurate predictions on home prices are more important than usual in helping decision-makers to reduce financial mistakes. In this paper, we introduce a large-scale real estate-related dataset for the value prediction task. It consists of numerical real estate price history data from Zillow1 and survey data from Census Bureau public dataset. Our goal is to utilize data from different levels to model the real-estate dynamics with temporal and non-temporal data. We propose to embed sequential temporal features using a transformer and combine them with non-temporal features for subsequent prediction tasks, and evaluate using a different number of classes L ϵ {2, 3, 4, 5}. As an example, when L = 2, we have achieved 93.5% accuracy with our proposed model, and when L = 3, our proposed model has achieved 90.1% prediction accuracy. The results suggest that the proposed model overall outperforms all the baseline models.","PeriodicalId":340759,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 29th International Conference on Advances in Geographic Information Systems","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133299971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An Efficient RDF Converter and SPARQL Endpoint for the Complete OpenStreetMap Data","authors":"H. Bast, P. Brosi, J. Kalmbach, A. Lehmann","doi":"10.1145/3474717.3484256","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3474717.3484256","url":null,"abstract":"We present osm2rdf, a tool for converting OpenStreetMap (OSM) data to RDF triples, along with an efficient SPARQL endpoint and a convenient user interface for formulating SPARQL queries on that data. Unlike previous tools, osm2rdf retains all data provided by OSM, including the complete object geometries. Optionally, the tool can output explicit triples realizing the spatial relations contains and intersects. We provide weekly updates of the data (for the whole planet and also per continent and per country) on https://osm2rdf.cs.uni-freiburg.de. The tool is publicly available on GitHub. The SPARQL endpoint is realized via the open-source SPARQL engine QLever. We extended QLever to enable the efficient geometric filtering of a result by a given axis-parallel rectangle. The QLever UI provides interactive context-sensitive autocompletion that helps constructing SPARQL queries without prior knowledge of the details of the data.","PeriodicalId":340759,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 29th International Conference on Advances in Geographic Information Systems","volume":"271 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123486058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Closer Look: Evaluating Location Privacy Empirically","authors":"Liyue Fan, Ishan Gote","doi":"10.1145/3474717.3484219","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3474717.3484219","url":null,"abstract":"The breach of users' location privacy can be catastrophic. To provide users with privacy protections, numerous location privacy methods have been developed in the last two decades. While several studies surveyed existing location privacy methods, the lack of comparative, empirical evaluations imposes challenges for adopting location privacy by applications and researchers who may not be privacy experts. This study fills the gap by conducting a comparative evaluation among a range of location privacy methods with real-world datasets. To evaluate utility, we consider different types of measures, e.g., distortion and mobility metrics; to evaluate privacy protection, we design two empirical privacy risk measures via inference and re-identification attacks. Furthermore, we study the computational overheads inflicted by location privacy in CPU time and memory requirement. The results are thoroughly examined in our work and show that it is possible to strike a balance between utility and privacy when sharing location data with untrusted servers.","PeriodicalId":340759,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 29th International Conference on Advances in Geographic Information Systems","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123892511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"LibCity","authors":"Jingyuan Wang, Jiawei Jiang, Wenjun Jiang, Chao Li, Wayne Xin Zhao","doi":"10.1145/3474717.3483923","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3474717.3483923","url":null,"abstract":"With the increase of traffic prediction models, there has become an urgent need to develop a standardized framework to implement and evaluate these methods. This paper presents LibCity, a unified, comprehensive, and extensible library for traffic prediction, which provides researchers with a credible experimental tool and a convenient development framework. In this library, we reproduce 42 traffic prediction models and collect 29 spatial-temporal datasets, which allows researchers to conduct comprehensive experiments in a convenient way. To accelerate the development of new models, we design unified model interfaces based on unified data formats, which effectively encapsulate the details of the implementation. To verify the effectiveness of our implementations, we also report the reproducibility comparison results of LibCity, and set up a performance leaderboard for the four kinds of traffic prediction tasks. Our library will contribute to the standardization and reproducibility in the field of traffic prediction. The open source link of LibCity is https://github.com/LibCity/Bigscity-LibCity.","PeriodicalId":340759,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 29th International Conference on Advances in Geographic Information Systems","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128293119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}