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Asking for Help: Survey and Experimental Evidence on Financial Advice and Behavior Change 寻求帮助:财务建议与行为改变的调查与实验证据
RAND Corporation Law Pub Date : 2010-01-07 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.1532993
Angela A. Hung, J. Yoong
{"title":"Asking for Help: Survey and Experimental Evidence on Financial Advice and Behavior Change","authors":"Angela A. Hung, J. Yoong","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.1532993","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1532993","url":null,"abstract":"When do individuals actually improve their financial behavior in response to advice? Using survey data from current defined-contribution plan holders in the RAND American Life Panel (a probability sample of US households), the authors find little evidence of improved DC plan behaviors due to advice, although they cannot rule out problems of reverse causality and selection. To complement the analysis of survey data, they design and implement a hypothetical choice experiment in which ALP respondents are asked to perform a portfolio allocation task, with or without advice. Their results show that unsolicited advice has no effect on investment behavior, in terms of behavioral outcomes. However, individuals who actively solicit advice ultimately improve performance, in spite of negative selection on financial ability. One interesting implication for policymakers is that expanding access to advice can have positive effects (particularly for the less financially literate); however, more extensive compulsory programs of financial counseling may be ultimately ineffective.","PeriodicalId":340671,"journal":{"name":"RAND Corporation Law","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127854563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 135
Liquidity Constraints, Household Wealth, and Self-Employment: The Case of Older Workers 流动性约束、家庭财富和自营职业:以老年工人为例
RAND Corporation Law Pub Date : 2009-12-31 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.1533502
Julie M. Zissimopoulos, Lynn A. Karoly, Q. Gu
{"title":"Liquidity Constraints, Household Wealth, and Self-Employment: The Case of Older Workers","authors":"Julie M. Zissimopoulos, Lynn A. Karoly, Q. Gu","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.1533502","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1533502","url":null,"abstract":"Evidence of liquidity constraints affecting entrepreneurship includes increasing rates of business formation with increases in household wealth and no relationship between the likelihood of business formation and wealth at high wealth levels. Using longitudinal data from the Health and Retirement Study on workers over age 50 and employing probit regressions with a non-linear specification of household wealth and liquid wealth, the authors find the relationship between wealth and business formation is consistent with this pattern. The paper also finds that wealth matters more for the formation of businesses requiring high starting capital. Employing the availability of a lump-sum distribution option (LSO) of an employer-provided pension plan as a new proxy for liquidity, the results show that workers with an LSO are more likely than workers with a pension and without an LSO to transition into self-employment. This provides further evidence of the existence and importance of liquidity constraints.","PeriodicalId":340671,"journal":{"name":"RAND Corporation Law","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129464487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 28
Self-Dealing and Compensation for Financial Advisors 财务顾问的自我交易与报酬
RAND Corporation Law Pub Date : 2009-09-05 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.1500736
J. Yoong, Angela A. Hung
{"title":"Self-Dealing and Compensation for Financial Advisors","authors":"J. Yoong, Angela A. Hung","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.1500736","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1500736","url":null,"abstract":"Recent legislative and regulatory activity related to investment advice in 401(k) plans has focused on the issue of self-dealing. In this paper, the authors develop a framework that addresses questions of self-dealing based on the direct-marketing model introduced by Inderst and Ottaviani (2009). They specifically adapt the model to the setting of 401(k) plan advice, extend the theoretical framework to consider the implications of financial literacy and discuss various key aspects of existing and proposed 401(k) advice legislation in the context of the model's predictions.","PeriodicalId":340671,"journal":{"name":"RAND Corporation Law","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128871924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
Longitudinal Perceptions of Supportiveness from Biological Fathers and Maternal Mental Health Problems 来自亲生父亲和母亲心理健康问题的支持的纵向感知
RAND Corporation Law Pub Date : 2009-08-29 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.1480297
Sarah O. Meadows
{"title":"Longitudinal Perceptions of Supportiveness from Biological Fathers and Maternal Mental Health Problems","authors":"Sarah O. Meadows","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.1480297","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1480297","url":null,"abstract":"Together, increased popularity of the life course paradigm and availability of longitudinal data addressing family relationships have raised important questions about how family processes should be measured to ensure that longitudinal experiences are accurately captured. Using the Fragile Families and Child Well-Being Study (N = 2,158) this paper focuses on trajectories of mothers’ perceived supportiveness from a biological child’s father and mental health problems five years after the birth. A mother’s relationship status with the father is significantly related to her perceptions of supportiveness with married mothers reporting the highest levels of supportiveness followed by mothers in cohabiting unions, romantic non-residential unions, and finally, mothers not in a romantic relationship with the child’s father. Increasing slopes of supportiveness are associated with fewer subsequent mental health problems, controlling for both time-varying and time-invariant maternal and relationship characteristics. The discussion calls attention to alternate ways in which longitudinal experiences can be modeled.","PeriodicalId":340671,"journal":{"name":"RAND Corporation Law","volume":"59 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131010200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Case Selection after the Trial: A Study of Post-Trial Settlement and Appeal 审后案件选择:审后和解与上诉研究
RAND Corporation Law Pub Date : 2009-05-01 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.1397702
S. Seabury
{"title":"Case Selection after the Trial: A Study of Post-Trial Settlement and Appeal","authors":"S. Seabury","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.1397702","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1397702","url":null,"abstract":"This paper studies the decisions of litigants in civil disputes whether to settle or appeal a case after a trial. The paper argues that when litigants are unable to meet damage awards in full only cases where the defendant’s position is particularly strong will face appellate court review. In the absence of financial constraints defendants will be more inclined to take chances with cases where their position is weaker. The paper tests the importance of award size and financial constraints in driving settlement and appeals decisions using survey data about post-trial activity for a sample of verdicts in California and New York from 2001-2004. These results indicate that the case-selection model is highly relevant in determining which cases are ultimately resolved by an appellate court. Additionally, defendant financial resources are an important factor that strongly influences post-trial outcomes.","PeriodicalId":340671,"journal":{"name":"RAND Corporation Law","volume":"46 22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121181476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
Increasingly Heterogeneous Ages at First Birth by Education in 'Conservative' Southern-European and 'Liberal' Anglo-American Family-Policy Regimes 在“保守”的南欧和“自由”的英美家庭政策体制下，教育对初生年龄的影响越来越大
RAND Corporation Law Pub Date : 2009-03-27 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.1369358
M. Rendall, E. Aracil, Christos Bagavos, C. Couet, A. DeRose, P. DiGiulio, T. Lappegård, I. Robert-Bobée, M. Rønsen, Steve Smallwood, G. Verropoulou
{"title":"Increasingly Heterogeneous Ages at First Birth by Education in 'Conservative' Southern-European and 'Liberal' Anglo-American Family-Policy Regimes","authors":"M. Rendall, E. Aracil, Christos Bagavos, C. Couet, A. DeRose, P. DiGiulio, T. Lappegård, I. Robert-Bobée, M. Rønsen, Steve Smallwood, G. Verropoulou","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.1369358","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1369358","url":null,"abstract":"The claim that family-policy regime may influence socio-economic differentials in fertility has to date been explored mainly with respect to 'liberal' Anglo-American regimes. The authors broaden the contrast with 'family-friendly' regimes here to include in the 'family-unfriendly' group 'conservative' Southern European regimes. Comparing education differentials in age at first birth, they find educationally-heterogeneous shifts between 1950s and 1960s birth cohorts of women in Greece, Italy, and Spain. The patterns of these shifts are similar to those seen for British and American birth cohorts, and contrast with educationally-homogeneous shifts across birth cohorts in Norway and France. They argue that these findings support the hypothesis that the role of family-policy regime in mediating growth in socio-economic differentials in fertility has increased as combining employment and family has become more normative among women throughout industrialized countries.","PeriodicalId":340671,"journal":{"name":"RAND Corporation Law","volume":"97 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127318439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Early Retirement and Employment of the Young 青年提前退休和就业
RAND Corporation Law Pub Date : 2009-03-01 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.1371889
A. Kalwij, A. Kapteyn, Klaas de Vos
{"title":"Early Retirement and Employment of the Young","authors":"A. Kalwij, A. Kapteyn, Klaas de Vos","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.1371889","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1371889","url":null,"abstract":"Policy makers have often argued that an additional benefit of facilitating early retirement is that it creates employment for the young. This may happen if older and younger workers are substitutes. Nowadays policy makers' goals are to discourage early retirement to counter the economic consequences of an aging population and, interestingly, the consequences for youth employment appear to play no role in this. This paper studies the nexus between employment of older and younger workers in more depth, if only to put any concerns for adverse effects of later retirement to rest. To empirically investigate this issue the authors estimate a dynamic model of employment of the young, prime age and old people using panel data of 22 OECD countries over the time period 1960-2004. Their empirical analysis does not support the hypothesis that employment of the young and old are substitutes and finds some minor complementarities. This suggests that discouraging early retirement will have no adverse effect on youth employment.","PeriodicalId":340671,"journal":{"name":"RAND Corporation Law","volume":"93 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115685642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 35
Cohabitation and Marriage Rules in State TANF Programs 州TANF计划中的同居和婚姻规则
RAND Corporation Law Pub Date : 2009-02-01 DOI: 10.2139/SSRN.1146708
R. Moffitt, R. Reville, A. Winkler, Jane McClure Burstain
{"title":"Cohabitation and Marriage Rules in State TANF Programs","authors":"R. Moffitt, R. Reville, A. Winkler, Jane McClure Burstain","doi":"10.2139/SSRN.1146708","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/SSRN.1146708","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, there has been continued interest in marriage, cohabitation, and the welfare system. The Deficit Reduction Act of 2005 provided $150 million annually in funds for initiatives to promote healthy marriages based on the perception that married couples are more stable, among other potential benefits for families and children. This working paper examines whether the recent push for marriage initiatives and the discretion afforded to states under welfare reform has translated into rules or regulations that favor marriage and discourage cohabitation. The researchers found that, despite some states adopting express policies to encourage and favor marriage, the welfare eligibility and work-rule structures in these states appear to work against such policies. Further, those structures may discourage marriage the most in the situations where the state would most want to encourage it, namely, where the male has financial resources. In addition, the most favored living arrangement is not to remain single but to cohabit with a male who is not the father of any of the children.An earlier version of this paper included several formatting and typographic errors. If you downloaded this paper prior to 8/22/08, this version supersedes the earlier version. Please download the current version.","PeriodicalId":340671,"journal":{"name":"RAND Corporation Law","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129863325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 10
Does Treatment Respond to Reimbursement Rates? Evidence from Trauma Care 治疗对报销率有反应吗?来自创伤护理的证据
RAND Corporation Law Pub Date : 2009-01-29 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.1335022
Paul S. Heaton, Eric A. Helland
{"title":"Does Treatment Respond to Reimbursement Rates? Evidence from Trauma Care","authors":"Paul S. Heaton, Eric A. Helland","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.1335022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1335022","url":null,"abstract":"Some models of provider behavior predict that physicians, like other experts, may respond dysfunctionally to financial incentives by recommending unnecessary treatment. We empirically test this relationship using data from inpatient hospitalizations surrounding a 2003 Colorado auto insurance reform. The reform shifted a large fraction of auto injury patients from coverage through auto insurers to less generous sources of reimbursement, such as health insurance and self-pay. Despite negligible changes in auto injury characteristics during this period, treatment supply increased following the reform. Procedure use rose by 5-10% and billed charges rose by 5%, and these increases are specific to auto but not other types of traumatic injury. These changes appear to reflect an increase in real resources devoted to treatment, but do not improve mortality outcomes. Our findings are consistent with models of physician-induced demand.","PeriodicalId":340671,"journal":{"name":"RAND Corporation Law","volume":"58 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123732329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 8
Hispanic Immigrant Youth and Internalizing Behaviors: Examining the Links with Neighborhood Context 西班牙裔青年移民与内化行为:与邻里环境的关系研究
RAND Corporation Law Pub Date : 2008-12-26 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.1333407
S. Lara-Cinisomo, Yange Xue, J. Brooks-Gunn
{"title":"Hispanic Immigrant Youth and Internalizing Behaviors: Examining the Links with Neighborhood Context","authors":"S. Lara-Cinisomo, Yange Xue, J. Brooks-Gunn","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.1333407","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1333407","url":null,"abstract":"Using longitudinal data from the Project on Human Development in Chicago Neighborhoods, this study examined links between Hispanic adolescent's internalizing behaviors and neighborhood characteristics. The sample included 1,040 (aged 9 to 17) Hispanic immigrant youth identified as first-, second- and third-generation. Results indicated that first-generation youth had significantly higher internalizing behaviors compared to third-generation adolescents, even after controlling for family characteristics and Wave 1 internalizing behavior scores. The results also showed that Hispanic youth living in neighborhoods that had higher residential stability had higher levels of internalizing behavior problems compared to first- and third-generation youth living in similar neighborhoods.","PeriodicalId":340671,"journal":{"name":"RAND Corporation Law","volume":"63 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122543663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
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