Probacja Pub Date : 2023-11-30 DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0054.0101

Mariusz G. Karbowski

{"title":"In search of the relationship between predisposition to addictions and impulsivity in online players from the resentment perspective","authors":"Mariusz G. Karbowski","doi":"10.5604/01.3001.0054.0101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0054.0101","url":null,"abstract":"Over the past few years, there has been a great development of audiovisual electronic media. It brings great opportunities in many scientific fields but is also subject to many judgments of criticism from opponents. Therefore, in view of the enormity of the changes and expansion of the culture, many circles wonder and analyze what changes occur among adults under the influence of these means and especially online games. The author, based on his own research, presents a new psychological approach between the predisposition to addictions and impulsivity in the light of ressentiment. Seventy-two people participated in the study, and the IVE Impulsivity Questionnaire, UPPS-P Impulsive Behavior Scale and Internet Gaming Disorder Test (IGD-20 Test) and Ressentiment Questionnaire were used. The results of the study showed that there is a link between impulsivity and addiction propensity, but it is determined by the degree of impulsivity in a person. On the other hand, ressentiment in the emotion regulatory system appeared as a negative feeling resulting from a sense of unfulfillment in an online game causing a mental state that extends over time and is underpinned by various types of emotionally tinged reactions. What can cause these feelings to turn into revenge without concrete actions-inducing hatred, but not leading to infliction of harm-and causing jealousy, which will not be confirmed by acts of jealousy. In light of this research, the negative emotion that is generated during online game interaction relates to personal experiences and can affect the emotional state and components of environmental attitudes.","PeriodicalId":34028,"journal":{"name":"Probacja","volume":"47 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139207450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Criminal law protection of religious freedom amid contemporary challenges and threats 在当代挑战和威胁下刑法对宗教自由的保护

Probacja Pub Date : 2023-11-30 DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0054.1328

Marcin Warchoł

{"title":"Criminal law protection of religious freedom amid contemporary challenges and threats","authors":"Marcin Warchoł","doi":"10.5604/01.3001.0054.1328","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0054.1328","url":null,"abstract":"Religious freedom is of fundamental significance among human rights, because it reaches beyond the temporal. It derives from human dignity. The European Court of Human Rights infers from Article 9 of the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms (religious freedom) an obligation for states to provide legalprotection to religious communities and their members as well as objects of religious worship. Criminal law instruments for the protection of religious freedom are accordingly permissible. The paper presents 12 European national legislations that contain relevant criminal law regulations. They provide for punishment for violating the order of religious services and rites, objects of religious worship, as well as religious dogma and doctrine. These approaches are compared to Polish provisions in this respect. A comparative legal analysis has revealed that Poland has significantly weaker protection of religious acts, as well as objects and sites of religious devotion, compared to other countries’ legal systems. This lower standard of protection at the legislative level is confirmed in the adjudicatory practice of Polish courts. Crime criteria stipulated in Articles 194 and 195 of Poland’s Criminal Code, such as the “malicious” character of the perpetrator’s behaviour required for punishment for disrupting or “offending religious feelings”, as a condition for being held culpable for insulting an object of religious worship or site designated for the public performance of religious rites, ensure in effect the impunity of the perpetrators of these deeds. Their adjudicatory interpretation tends to grant those manifesting their hostility to religious faith and doctrine the right to disturb religious services and insult objects of religious devotion. As such the citizens’ bill “in defence of Christians”, which envisages the elimination of these criteria and the introduction of a protection of religious freedom, deserves recognition.","PeriodicalId":34028,"journal":{"name":"Probacja","volume":"159 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139199229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The importance of mentoring in the process of professional adaptation 指导在专业适应过程中的重要性

Probacja Pub Date : 2023-11-30 DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0054.1440

Natalia Czymerska, A. Gaworska-Krzemińska, Agnieszka Zimmermann

{"title":"The importance of mentoring in the process of professional adaptation","authors":"Natalia Czymerska, A. Gaworska-Krzemińska, Agnieszka Zimmermann","doi":"10.5604/01.3001.0054.1440","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0054.1440","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Practicing the profession of a nurse is associated with the acquisition of the ability to recognize the conditions and health needs of the patient, as well as its care problems. This requires graduates to obtain the appropriate competences and a proper process of professional adaptation. This is particularly important in hospital penitentiary units, where prisoners constitute a specific group of patients. At the stage of onboarding in specific conditions mentoring can effectively help. Mentoring is relationship between an older and a younger professional, intended to develop the potential in the student and allowing him to integrate into the profession. Aim of the study: The aim of the work was to get to know the opinions and views of professionally active nurses on mentoring in nursing and the factors influencing it. Methods and material of research: The research material consisted of survey answers from 206 professionally active nurses. To carry out the study, the diagnostic survey method, the survey technique and the author's questionnaire were used. The research was conducted from January to April 2023.Results: Introduction of a mentoring program in a given medical facility would encourage nurses to stay longer. For nurses, an important aspect is the appointment of a Mentor during the period of professional adaptation which would translate into better implementation of newly recruited employees. Younger nurses with shorter tenure were covered longer period of adaptation than older nurses, who in most cases were not covered by this process at all. Conclusions: The survey conducted in a group of professionally active nurses showed the need to support their professional development, especially at the beginning of their professional careers by introducing mentoring and the position of a Clinical Mentor. The majority of nurses indicated the need for such a program and willingness to participate. In their opinion, it would contribute to the improvement of clinical practice,increasing patient safety and reducing the risk of professional burnout.","PeriodicalId":34028,"journal":{"name":"Probacja","volume":"119 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139207562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Intravitreal injections in the context of incarcerated patients 在监禁病人的情况下进行玻璃体内注射

Probacja Pub Date : 2023-11-30 DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0054.1341

Jędrzej Dzięgielewski, Iga Barczak, Barbara Dalkowska, Artur Furga

{"title":"Intravitreal injections in the context of incarcerated patients","authors":"Jędrzej Dzięgielewski, Iga Barczak, Barbara Dalkowska, Artur Furga","doi":"10.5604/01.3001.0054.1341","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0054.1341","url":null,"abstract":"Recommendation: The paper provides a new perspective on issues related to intravitreal injections in the context of incarcerated patients, taking into account specific challenges, the need for interdisciplinary collaboration, and the awareness that complications associated with this procedure can pose a much greater challenge for both the staff and the patient. Objective: To examine and present scientific knowledge and its relevance to the treatment of incarcerated patients. Materials and Methods: Review of available literature using PubMed and Google Scholar platforms. Results and Conclusions: Bacterial infections of the intraocular chambers are serious complications of intravitreal injections, with Gram-positive bacteria, especially Staphylococcus, being the main etiological factor. Faster development of infections in the case of Streptococcus viridans, which may result in advanced visual impairment. Animal studies reveal the pathomechanisms of retinal damage, expanding the perspectives on treatment and prevention. Potential neuroprotective effects of the fusion of elastin-like peptide (ELP) with αB-crystallin. Significant positive impact of wearing protective masks and maintaining silence during the procedure.Implications: Identified complications and pathogenetic mechanisms constitute a significant contribution to understanding this subject matter, which can be valuable for medical practitioners, researchers, and decision-makers involved in healthcare in correctional facilities.","PeriodicalId":34028,"journal":{"name":"Probacja","volume":"366 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139205091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Forfission of an enterprise and the burd of proof in criminal process 企业不法行为和刑事诉讼中的举证责任

Probacja Pub Date : 2023-11-30 DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0054.0967

Andrzej Dana, Marcin Jurgilewicz

引用次数: 0

Basics of improving special protection for convicted persons – critical remarks 改进对已决犯的特殊保护的基本要素--批评意见

Probacja Pub Date : 2023-11-30 DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0054.0073

Justyna Stasiołek

引用次数: 0

Firmant and the problem of identifying a taxpayer in an organized criminal group Firmant 和查明有组织犯罪集团中纳税人的问题

Probacja Pub Date : 2023-11-30 DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0054.0070

T. Oczkowski, Igor Zgoliński