{"title":"Democracy in the Middle East: The Educational Battle","authors":"Judith A. Cochran","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.77581","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.77581","url":null,"abstract":"The unrest in the Middle East has created vacuums where authoritarian and demo- cratic powers are in conflict. Education in all countries is at the heart of the challenges to leadership. In most Middle Eastern countries, graduates from middle school upward have been guaranteed employment in the government. Failure to meet this promise has left thousands of youth who are educated but unemployed. Further fueled by the overwhelming number of refugees, leaders in Jordan, Lebanon, and Israel are threatened by the unemployed and refugees’ access to technology and their democratic demands. Authoritarian countries such as Iran and Turkey are emphasizing religious education in order to increase the control of their people. Research, on-site visits and media reports provide the basis for this study which identifies three forces of the educational conflict: religious education, informal education, and access to technology. The possible solutions for future educational directions provide a roadmap for the future.","PeriodicalId":339668,"journal":{"name":"Public Management and Administration","volume":"18 24","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120866228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
B. Asiedu, Gyamfua Afriyie, Samuel Kwaku KonneyAmponsah
{"title":"Overview of Marine Stock Enhancement, Restocking and Sea Ranching in Ghana","authors":"B. Asiedu, Gyamfua Afriyie, Samuel Kwaku KonneyAmponsah","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.79454","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.79454","url":null,"abstract":"Fish stocks in Ghanaian waters are on the decline. There is therefore the need to rebuild the stocks through marine stock enhancement and restocking. Stock enhancement and restocking are the guarantee routes to revive the stock declining menace of the country. Other benefits will include sustainable employment, increase fishers income, reduce poverty, ensures food security and promote national development. Species to be used for restocking is a major problem since the biology of the existing species is poorly understood. There are certain factors that must be taken into considerations if stock enhancement and restock programmes are to be successful, namely existing fisheries management schemes, socio-economic factors, institutional capacity and aquaculture development. The potential for Ghana to create sustainable, supplemental livelihoods through restocking or stock enhancement appears promising.","PeriodicalId":339668,"journal":{"name":"Public Management and Administration","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130678760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Information Security Awareness in Public Administrations","authors":"M. Scholl","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.74572","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.74572","url":null,"abstract":"Government digital agendas worldwide go hand in hand with the digital transfor- mation in businesses and public administrations as well as the digital changes taking place in society. Information security (IS) and awareness (ISA) must be an integrated part of these agendas. The goal of IS is to protect information of all types and origins. Here, the employees play a necessary and significant role in the success of IS, and the entire staff of an institution need to know about their specific roles and be aware of the information security management system (ISMS). As there are still fundamental strategic deficiencies in the institutions themselves, humans should not be called “the weakest link” in the security chain. Rather, sustainable awareness-raising and train- ing for people should be established in the institutions using interactive, authentic, and game-based learning methods. Psychological studies show the great importance of emotionalization when communicating IS knowledge and the reliable exchange of experience about IS. However, in many institutions, a change in culture is becoming necessary. IS must be integrated into all (business) processes and projects, and viable safeguards must be included. This chapter summarizes the most important scientific findings and transfers them to the practice of public administrations in Germany. Moreover, it shows examples of learning methods and provides practical assistance for IS sensitization and training.","PeriodicalId":339668,"journal":{"name":"Public Management and Administration","volume":"81 2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134539548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Involvement of the Taxpayer in the Public Administration Decision","authors":"M. Mauro, C. Fava, Alessandra Kostner","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.74866","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.74866","url":null,"abstract":"The relationship between taxpayers and Tax Authority and the involvement of the tax- payer in the public administration decision is a very important area of investigation in Italian tax law. This relationship is based on equity and cooperation in good faith, which stems from constitutional principles, such as the principle of sound administration (Art. 97 Italian Constitution), fairness and solidarity (Art. 3 Italian Constitution). Therefore, Tax Authority must exercise his control and assessment powers in compliance with such principles. The fundamental expression of the involvement of the taxpayer in the public administration decision is the “right to be heard”, intended as anticipation of the future activities of the administration. Precisely, it is a phase of research, acquisition and assess- ment of the evidence and of any other information which may facilitate a better recon struction of the application of the tax (“presupposto”). In these terms, the “right to be heard” is an implementing tool for taxpayer’s right of defense and for best practice in the public administration. Therefore, it should be mandatory, always and in any case, in accordance with art. 3 and art. 97 of Italian Constitution, and with European law. However, this assumption is not found to be peaceful.","PeriodicalId":339668,"journal":{"name":"Public Management and Administration","volume":"74 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127714751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Protection of Competition between National Law and EU Law: The Main Features in Public Contracts","authors":"I. D’Ambrosio","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.76411","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.76411","url":null,"abstract":"This article provides a general analysis of competition law and then focuses on competi- tion-related issues within public contracts. First and foremost, the article tries to highlight the economic grounds that led to the introduction of laws to protect competition, as a functional tool for production efficiency. After a critical analysis of national and EU regu lations on competition, the article analyses the relation between competition and public contracts, by making a distinction between a “micro” and a “macro” view of competition. The article aims at highlighting the main features of the code of public contracts, focusing also on the relation between two different principles: the protection of EU competition, on the one side, and the power of member states to determine their internal organisation, on the other side. The article also aims at understanding to what extent can the European Union protect free competition without affecting the organisational freedom of its mem - ber states.","PeriodicalId":339668,"journal":{"name":"Public Management and Administration","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128631022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Facebook Tools and Digital Learning Achievements","authors":"N. Davidovitch, M. Belichenko","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.77189","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.77189","url":null,"abstract":"During recent years, there has been a significant increase in the usage of technological tools in general and in academic teaching in particular. Many programs have been developed, including online teaching and online courses, at educational institutions. In this chapter, we discuss the Facebook social network and its use at the University. The research shows that Facebook groups are used to facilitate communication between students, to foster a positive social climate, to create dialog, and to share learning material among group members. This chapter examines students’ achievements and their satisfaction with the impact of the Facebook group on the academic course, in order to examine whether the use of Facebook groups in academic courses can improve course quality and students’ achievements.","PeriodicalId":339668,"journal":{"name":"Public Management and Administration","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133450124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Digital Culture within Enterprises and Public Administration: Legal Aspects and Repercussions on the Country’s Socioeconomic Fabric","authors":"I. D’Ambrosio","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.77606","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.77606","url":null,"abstract":"In line with the international framework, Italy is going through a process of transfor- mation and innovation affecting the services provided to citizens and enterprises; this process aims at administrative simplification through the use of digital technologies. Digitization is affecting the Public Administration significantly. The unprecedented and large-scale impact of new technologies is resulting in a more effective system and, above all, in a closer distance between Public Administration and users (both citizens and enter - prises). The final aim is to facilitate the access to services and the relaunch of the economy. Italy is at a disadvantage in comparison with other countries.","PeriodicalId":339668,"journal":{"name":"Public Management and Administration","volume":"97 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131998687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Crowdfunding and Civic Crowdfunding: Theoretical Features and Future Prospects","authors":"N. Oliva","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.74739","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.74739","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this work is to carefully analyze crowdfunding, an innovative financial tool based on fundraising activities intended for “crowds” of people, also meant as an anti-dote to the global financial crisis. After an introduction to crowdfunding, its origins and evolution, the document pinpoints the specificities of the various models. Special atten tion will be then reserved to civic crowdfunding, which engages the citizens in financing or co-financing public works meant to improve and preserve the territory, or to support social and cultural activities. This study focuses on critical and successful factors of the crowdfunding campaigns to then propose a research schedule meant to implement the future of this emerging tool.","PeriodicalId":339668,"journal":{"name":"Public Management and Administration","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122817561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Innovation Challenges in Latin American Administration","authors":"P. Motta, M. Bandeira","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.74736","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.74736","url":null,"abstract":"Faced with new challenges, public administration is searching for new levels of responsive- ness and efficiency. In most emergent nations, the success of new proposals has been jeop ardized by a strong popular distrust in government agencies and actions as well as an era of greater resource scarcity. This chapter deals with some new responses considering the Latin America context. We conducted a documentary survey on public administration responses in Latin America, which allowed to distinguish the possibilities to move toward an ideal of collaborative governance, new public policy values, and public-private partnership, thus reinforcing the arguments about a new logic for thinking about public administration.","PeriodicalId":339668,"journal":{"name":"Public Management and Administration","volume":"113 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127310324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}