Revista Murciana de Antropologia最新文献

{"title":"Los derechos de la naturaleza y la ciudadanía: el caso del Mar Menor","authors":"Teresa Vicente Giménez, Eduardo Salazar Ortuño","doi":"10.6018/rmu.524761","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6018/rmu.524761","url":null,"abstract":"The advance of environmental degradation around the world is evident year after year in reports on Climate Change and Ecosystem Health. The environmental laws that have been in force around the world for the past 40 years have failed to halt the loss of biodiversity and global warming. In the Western paradigm, Nature has been conceived as an object for human benefit and this misconception has led us to the current collapse. It is time for the change we need, in the sense of recognizing that human beings are part of Nature and have an interdependent relationship with it. This is the new paradigm of ecological Justice, which is embodied in a new generation of subjective rights: the rights of nature. A worldwide movement promotes the rights of nature on all continents and is recognized by the United Nations \"Harmony with Nature\" Program. This movement is led in Europe by the Popular Legislative Initiative to recognize the Mar Menor and its basin with legal personality and its own rights.\u0000 El avance de la degradación ambiental en todo el mundo se manifiesta año tras año en los informes sobre cambio climático y salud de los ecosistemas. Las leyes medioambientales vigentes desde hace 40 años en todo el mundo no han logrado frenar la pérdida de biodiversidad ni el calentamiento global. En el paradigma occidental, la Naturaleza ha sido concebida como un objeto para el beneficio humano y esta concepción errónea nos han conducido al colapso actual. Es el momento para el cambio que necesitamos, en el sentido de reconocer que el ser humano forma parte de la Naturaleza y tiene una relación de interdependencia con ella. Este es el nuevo paradigma de la Justicia ecológica, que se concreta en una nueva generación de derechos subjetivos: los derechos de la naturaleza. Un movimiento mundial promueve los derechos de la naturaleza en todos los continentes y es reconocido por el Programa de Naciones Unidas «Armonía con la Naturaleza». Este movimiento es encabezado en Europa por la Iniciativa Legislativa Popular para dotar de personalidad jurídica y derechos propios al Mar Menor y su cuenca.","PeriodicalId":33777,"journal":{"name":"Revista Murciana de Antropologia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43169021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Más de un Wirikuta pero menos de dos: Geopolítica versus cosmopolítica como estrategia de resistencia","authors":"Á. D. Avilés Conesa, Mauricio Genet Guzmán Chávez","doi":"10.6018/rmu.521511","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6018/rmu.521511","url":null,"abstract":"We propose a look at the socio-environmental conflict in the Sacred Natural Site of Wirikuta (SSNW), in the semi-arid zone of northern Mexico, caused by the mining exploitation project carried out by the Canadian company First Majestic Silver Corp. El Frente of Defense of Wirikuta (FDW), a social movement against this project, obtained the precautionary suspension of the mining concessions. This movement and the resistance it produced became a particularly symbolic and significant emblem of social resistance in Mexico and Latin America. The analysis we propose pays attention to the changes promoted in the general context of neoliberal policies that have given way to flexible national legislation on investment and looting of natural resources that has an effect that transforms the territories. This transformation will allow certain uses of the resources and sanction others depending on the actors who implant the meanings in the territories. The premise that weaves the discussion and leads us to an appreciation of what has been learned in this case refers to the importance of the sacred as a discursive and practical element for the defense of the territory. To delimit the proposed theme, we will carry out a deductive tour of the transformation processes of the territory, beginning extensively in Latin America, Mexico and finally to the specific threat in Wirikuta as contexts of relational action.\u0000 En este artículo proponemos una mirada del conflicto socioambiental en el Sitio Sagrado Natural de Wirikuta (SSNW), en la zona semiárida del norte de México, originado por el proyecto de explotación minera que llevaría a cabo la empresa canadiense First Majestic Silver Corp. El Frente de Defensa de Wirikuta (FDW), movimiento social en contra de este proyecto, logró la suspensión cautelar de las concesiones mineras. Este movimiento y las resistencias que produjeron se constituyó como un emblema especialmente simbólico y significativo de las resistencias sociales en México y en América Latina. El análisis que proponemos presta atención a los cambios promovidos en el contexto general de las políticas neoliberales que han dado paso a legislaciones nacionales flexibles en materia de inversión y saqueo de los recursos naturales que tiene un efecto que transforma los territorios. Esta transformación va a permitir determinados usos de los recursos y a sancionar otros en función de los actores que implanten los significados a los territorios. La premisa que urde la discusión y nos conduce a una apreciación de lo aprendido en este caso remite a la importancia de lo sagrado como elemento discursivo y práctico para defensa del territorio. Para acotar la temática propuesta realizaremos un recorrido deductivo de los procesos de transformación del territorio comenzando de modo extensivo en América Latina, México y finalmente a la amenaza concreta en Wirikuta como contextos de acción relacionales.","PeriodicalId":33777,"journal":{"name":"Revista Murciana de Antropologia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46386012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sistemas de captación y acumulación de agua de lluvia en fortificaciones del litoral de Cartagena (España)","authors":"Miguel Borja Bernabé-Crespo","doi":"10.6018/rmu.469951","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6018/rmu.469951","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000\u0000Reduced rainfall of dry Mediterranean climate in Cartagena has forced since ancient times to seek and bring water resources of external origin to the region, in order to meet the needs of supply. The arrival of the waters from Taibilla River in 1945 did not represent an adequate supply for coastal fortifications, defensive elements of vital importance for the city and the whole of the Spanish State. Isolated in strategic locations and difficult to access, water was a very precious asset both for its essential use and for its difficult supply, which could become a disadvantage in war situations. The object of the work is to study the rainwater collection and accumulation systems in four fortifications along the Cartagena coastline. The methodology consisted of a bibliographic review and historical documentary sources, as well as field work at these sites. The results show that the coastal batteries respond to the design of a self-supply system capable of capturing rainwater in situ and a network of internal pipes and channels to collect rainwater, favoring their self-sufficiency.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000 \u0000\u0000\u0000La pluviometría reducida del clima mediterráneo seco en Cartagena ha obligado desde tiempos remotos a buscar y traer recursos hídricos de origen externo a la comarca, con el fin de atender las necesidades de abastecimiento. La llegada de las aguas en 1945 procedentes del río Taibilla no representaba un adecuado abastecimiento para las fortificaciones costeras, elementos defensivos de vital importancia para la ciudad y el conjunto del Estado español. Aisladas en emplazamientos estratégicos y de difícil acceso, el agua constituía un bien muy preciado tanto por su esencial uso como por su difícil suministro, que podía tornarse en una desventaja en situaciones bélicas. El objeto de trabajo es estudiar los sistemas de captación y de acumulación de agua de lluvia en cuatro fortificaciones del litoral de Cartagena. La metodología ha consistido en la revisión bibliográfica y fuentes documentales históricas, así como el trabajo de campo en dichos emplazamientos. Los resultados muestran que las baterías de costa responden al diseño de un sistema de autoabastecimiento capaz de captar el agua de origen pluvial in situ y una red de canalizaciones internas y externas para recoger el agua de escorrentía, favoreciendo su autosuficiencia.\u0000\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":33777,"journal":{"name":"Revista Murciana de Antropologia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45546271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experiencias del desastre y percepciones del paisaje doméstico tras los terremotos de Lorca de 2011","authors":"Elena Boschiero","doi":"10.6018/rmu.509381","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6018/rmu.509381","url":null,"abstract":"The earthquakes of May 11, 2011 in Lorca (Murcia) have been catalyzing events of a disaster which has had an impact also on the perception of the domestic landscape of the city (among others). The objective of this article is to show the relationship between the experience of the disaster and the perception of the domestic landscape of Lorca as a landscape at risk. Firstly, we present a theoretical-conceptual framework and the methodology and techniques of the ethnography carried out are presented. Successively, we analyze the perceptions about the domestic landscape of the city in which the experience of earthquakes has made the seismic risk visible are described, and the stories about the loss of references in the city and houses as rooted physical-symbolic structures in family and social space and time. Finally, we interpret local experiences, recognising the importance of considering the tangible and intangible heritage of the landscape as a whole. We conclude that the experience of the disaster in Lorca, its memory and the perception of risk offer opportunities to work on prevention and preparation for the future.\u0000 Los terremotos del 11 de mayo de 2011 en Lorca (Murcia) han sido eventos catalizadores de un desastre que ha tenido impacto, entre otras cosas, también sobre la percepción del paisaje doméstico de la ciudad. El objetivo de este artículo es evidenciar la relación entre la experiencia del desastre y la percepción del paisaje doméstico de Lorca como un paisaje en riesgo. Se presenta en primer lugar un marco teórico-conceptual y la metodología y técnicas de la etnografía realizada. Sucesivamente se describen las percepciones sobre el paisaje doméstico de la ciudad en el que la experiencia de los terremotos ha visibilizado el riesgo sísmico y se analizan los relatos sobre la pérdida de referencias de la ciudad y de las casas como estructuras físico-simbólicas arraigadas en el espacio y en el tiempo familiar y social. Por último, se interpretan las experiencias locales valorizando la importancia de considerar en su conjunto el patrimonio material e inmaterial del paisaje. Se concluye que la experiencia vivida del desastre en Lorca, la memoria y la percepción del riesgo ofrecen oportunidades para trabajar la prevención y la preparación de cara al futuro.","PeriodicalId":33777,"journal":{"name":"Revista Murciana de Antropologia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46494711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"La producción agroecológica como alternativa al agronegocio. Narrativas de una experiencia en Junín (Buenos Aires, Argentina)","authors":"P. Lucero","doi":"10.6018/rmu.522331","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6018/rmu.522331","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this paper is to emphasize the importance of agroecological production based on concrete experiences as an alternative to the agribusiness mode of accumulation. The field work was carried out in the Junín district (Buenos Aires, Argentina). The research was carried out from an ethnographic approach within the qualitative perspective. The scientific and political foundations of agroecology were studied and from a case analysis, it was concluded that agroecological production is a concrete alternative to the extractivist model of agribusiness. It is constituted as an optimal scale of exploitation between production volumes, cultivated area without pesticides, in addition to the benefits in relation to costs (tangible and intangible).\u0000 El objetivo del presente trabajo es enfatizar la importancia de la producción agroecológica a partir de experiencias concretas como alternativa al modo de acumulación del agronegocio. El trabajo de campo se realizó en el Partido de Junín (Buenos Aires, Argentina) entre 2015 y 2019. La investigación se llevó adelante desde un enfoque etnográfico dentro de la perspectiva cualitativa. Se estudiaron los fundamentos científico políticos de la agroecología y a partir de un análisis de caso, se concluye que la producción agroecológica es una alternativa concreta al modelo extractivista del agronegocio. Se constituye como una escala de explotación óptima entre volúmenes de producción, superficie cultivada sin agrotóxicos, además de los beneficios en relación a los costos (tangibles e intangibles).","PeriodicalId":33777,"journal":{"name":"Revista Murciana de Antropologia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43763108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rabal Saura, Gregorio y Castejón Porcel, Gregorio: Los grafitos de la Torre de Rame","authors":"José Sánchez Conesa","doi":"10.6018/rmu.537021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6018/rmu.537021","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":33777,"journal":{"name":"Revista Murciana de Antropologia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46709067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Territorios en peligro: Perspectivas culturales, sociales, ambientales y jurídicas","authors":"Á. D. Avilés Conesa","doi":"10.6018/rmu.550351","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6018/rmu.550351","url":null,"abstract":"Presentation of the monographic issue on Territories in danger: cultural, social, environmental and legal perspectives.\u0000 Presentación del número monográfico sobre Territorios en peligro: Perspectivas culturales, sociales, ambientales y jurídicas","PeriodicalId":33777,"journal":{"name":"Revista Murciana de Antropologia","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41866469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Historias de la Antropología española: Revisión y apuntes para su discusión","authors":"Eva Sanz Jara","doi":"10.6018/rmu.494751","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6018/rmu.494751","url":null,"abstract":"This article reviews the main works on History of Spanish Anthropology and raises some discussions about this field of study. The text combines a descriptive and compiling character, present in the compilation of fundamental works on the History of Spanish Anthropology; and another more analytical, evident in the notes for the proposal of reflections and debates, starting from the recapitulation of the previous section. We intend to update a field of knowledge relatively little worked in recent years, while proposing some discussions around it.\u0000 Este artículo revisa las principales obras que abordan la historia de la antropología española y plantea algunas discusiones sobre este campo de estudio. El escrito combina un carácter descriptivo y compilador, presente en la recopilación de las obras fundamentales de historia de la antropología española; y otro más analítico, patente en los apuntes para la propuesta de reflexiones y debates, partiendo de la recapitulación del apartado previo. Pretendemos actualizar un campo de conocimiento relativamente poco trabajado en los últimos años, al tiempo que proponer algunas discusiones en torno a él.","PeriodicalId":33777,"journal":{"name":"Revista Murciana de Antropologia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42230885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"López Azorín, Fernando: Naturaleza, medio ambiente y repoblación forestal en la Región de Murcia. Ingenieros de montes en Sierra Espuña (1879-1936)","authors":"Pedro Martínez Cavero","doi":"10.6018/rmu.551571","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6018/rmu.551571","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":33777,"journal":{"name":"Revista Murciana de Antropologia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48344896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cánovas Mulero, Juan: Una familia de artistas totaneros en los siglos XVII y XVIII","authors":"Francisco J. Carrasco Campos","doi":"10.6018/rmu.538321","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6018/rmu.538321","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":33777,"journal":{"name":"Revista Murciana de Antropologia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43081197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}