Journal of Tropical Crop Science最新文献_第2页

The Effects of Application of Erythrina bruci Biomass and Inorganic Fertilizers On Wheat Productivity in Southwestern Ethiopia. 施用红茅生物量和无机肥料对埃塞俄比亚西南部小麦生产力的影响。

Journal of Tropical Crop Science Pub Date : 2023-06-28 DOI: 10.29244/jtcs.10.02.139-143

Zelalem Addis Musse

{"title":"The Effects of Application of Erythrina bruci Biomass and Inorganic Fertilizers On Wheat Productivity in Southwestern Ethiopia.","authors":"Zelalem Addis Musse","doi":"10.29244/jtcs.10.02.139-143","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29244/jtcs.10.02.139-143","url":null,"abstract":"Soil fertility depletion is emerging as a serious challenge causing low crop yields and food insecurity in Ethiopia. An experiment was conducted in two cropping seasons 2016 to 2018 to investigate the effects of the application of Erythrina biomass and nitrogen fertilizer on soil properties and wheat yields in southwestern Ethiopia. Treatments were the recommended N and P fertilizers, 50% of the standard rate of Erythrina + 50% of the recommended N, 25% Erythrina + 75% N, 75% of the standard rate of Erythrina + 25% of the standard rate of N, 100% of the standard rate of Erythrina, and 50% of the standard rate of Erythrina, and without fertilizer as the control. The experiment was arranged in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Application of Erythrina and nitrogen fertilizer increased soil organic carbon (OC), total nitrogen (TN), and cation exchange capacity (CEC) compared to before fertilizer application or the control. Plots amended with 25% Erythrina + 75% of the recommended N provided the highest above ground biomass (8.98 t.ha-1) and grain yield (3.453 t.ha-1) and it was higher than the 100% chemical fertilizer treatment. Conversely, the lowest above ground biomass (5.44 t.ha-1) and grain yields (1.958 t.ha-1) were obtained from the control. Our study demonstrated that an integrated nutrient management which combines organic and chemical fertilizer can improve soil properties and increase wheat yield in the highlands of southwestern Ethiopia.","PeriodicalId":33751,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tropical Crop Science","volume":"82 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83932232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Development of Germination Tests and Breaking Dormancy Techniques of Bitter Seeds (Andrographis paniculata (Burm. f.) Wall. ex Nees) 苦种子(穿心莲)萌发试验及破休眠技术的研究进展。f。)墙。交货需要雇)

Journal of Tropical Crop Science Pub Date : 2023-06-28 DOI: 10.29244/jtcs.10.02.124-132

Belangie Tuahte Gundala, E. Widajati, S. Ilyas

{"title":"The Development of Germination Tests and Breaking Dormancy Techniques of Bitter Seeds (Andrographis paniculata (Burm. f.) Wall. ex Nees)","authors":"Belangie Tuahte Gundala, E. Widajati, S. Ilyas","doi":"10.29244/jtcs.10.02.124-132","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29244/jtcs.10.02.124-132","url":null,"abstract":"Bitter seed (Andrographis paniculata (Burm. f.) Wall. ex Nees) is a medicinal species used in phyto pharmacy and known as ‘the king of bitterness’. Bitter seeds contain andrographolide, \u0000a diterpenoid lactone which is widely used in Indian medicine for snake bites and for the treatment of hepatitis. The research was conducted at the Seed Management Unit experimental field of the Indonesian Spice and Medicinal Plants Research Institute (IMACRI) and at the Seed Quality Testing Laboratory of IPB University, Indonesia, from January until May 2021. The objectives of the study is to determine the best germination test and effective breaking dormancy techniques to increase the germination percentage of bitter seeds. The study was arranged in a completely randomized design with two-factors. The first factor was seed treatments, i.e., control/untreated, chemical scarification with 5% H2SO4 for 10 minutes, and 5% H2SO4 followed by a 100 ppm GA3 soaking treatment. The second factor conducted was germination test methods according to International Seed Testing Association, i.e., germinating the seeds on the top of paper and in pleated paper. Our study demonstrated that seed treatment with H2SO4 can break seed dormancy and speed up seed germination. Bitter seed germination on the pleated paper was higher than with the top-of-paper method. Bitter seed germination with the top-of-paper method was at 65 DAS and the final germination was at 80 days after sowing (DAS), and the final germination was 55.2%. With the pleated paper method, the seeds germinated at 30 DAS and the final germination was at 70 DAS, and the final the germination of 59.2%.","PeriodicalId":33751,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tropical Crop Science","volume":"145 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88607436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Teff and Wheat Yield Variation With Phosphorus Application In Jamma District, Ethiopia 埃塞俄比亚Jamma地区苔麸和小麦产量随施磷量的变化

Journal of Tropical Crop Science Pub Date : 2023-06-28 DOI: 10.29244/jtcs.10.02.94-100

Habtemariam Teshome, Kassaw Sisay, Adise Degu, Tesfaye Wubu, Tadesse Hailu Jember

{"title":"Teff and Wheat Yield Variation With Phosphorus Application In Jamma District, Ethiopia","authors":"Habtemariam Teshome, Kassaw Sisay, Adise Degu, Tesfaye Wubu, Tadesse Hailu Jember","doi":"10.29244/jtcs.10.02.94-100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29244/jtcs.10.02.94-100","url":null,"abstract":"Different plant species has different nutrient requirements and utilize nutrients in different ways. Biological activity contributes to P solubilization through mineralization, wheathering, and other physicochemical reactions so that the soil plow layer is the major source of soil availabile P for crops. Ethiopia Ministry of Agriculture and Natural Resource and ATA recommended six types of blended fertilizers (NPSZnB, NPKSB, NPKSZnB, NPSZn, NPSB and NPS) for the Amhara region. Our study was conducted in Jamma districts of eastern Amhara, Ethiopia, during 2018 cropping season to attest the yield of teff (Dega teff) and wheat (Danda’a) due to phosphorus fertilizer application. Fertilizer treatments tested were the recommended dose of N only, recommended dose of NP, 50 kg.ha-1 NPS, 100 kg.ha-1 NPS, and 150kg. ha-1 NPS, set up in a. randomized complete block design with three replication, and conducted on four sites. Our study demonstrated that applications of N and P fertilizers significantly improved grain yield of wheat and teff, and that there was significant yield differences (P < 0.05) between different rates of P fertilizer. Therefore, even though the soil P levels were shown to be sufficient, application of both N and P fertilizer in the Jamma district is essential to increase yield of teff and wheat.","PeriodicalId":33751,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tropical Crop Science","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77747882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effect of Nutrient Management and Weeds on Incidence of Fungal Diseases in Rice 营养管理和杂草对水稻真菌病发病率的影响

Journal of Tropical Crop Science Pub Date : 2023-06-28 DOI: 10.29244/jtcs.10.02.101-110

T. Priyadarshani, W. Wickramasinghe, W. Egodawatta, P. Tharsini, D. Beneragama, D. Devasinghe

{"title":"Effect of Nutrient Management and Weeds on Incidence of Fungal Diseases in Rice","authors":"T. Priyadarshani, W. Wickramasinghe, W. Egodawatta, P. Tharsini, D. Beneragama, D. Devasinghe","doi":"10.29244/jtcs.10.02.101-110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29244/jtcs.10.02.101-110","url":null,"abstract":"High-input, modern agriculture uses large amounts of energy, water, fertilizers, and pesticides to produce high crop yields. One of the major bottlenecks of the modern agriculture in the tropics is substantial yield losses due to fungal diseases including rice blast, leaf spots and leaf scald. The aim of this study was to compare the incidence of fungal diseases in judicious nutrient management systems, including organic, integrated, and conventional, under different weed categories during dry season (May to September 2020) and wet season (November 2020 to March 2021). Rice disease incidence were collected for both seasons from 48-84 days after sowing. Additionally, disease incidences on grasses and sedges weeds were also calculated. Brown spot, narrow brown leaf spot, leaf scald, and rice blast incidences were substantial in wet season, while the disease incidences during dry season in 2020 were negligible. The disease incidences were significantly higher (P<0.05) in organic and conventional input systems compared to the integrated input system. Disease incidences of brown spot and leaf scald were found in the dry season. Higher disease incidences were recorded in the wet season than in the dry season. The incidences of the brown spot were higher on sedges than in grasses and vice versa were observed for narrow brown leaf spot disease. Leaf scald incidences were positively correlated with the significant nitrogen status of the rice crop. Disease incidence was low in integrated input system compared to conventional and organic input systems, while weeds were reported as alternative hosts. It can be concluded that the integrated nutrient management with recommended dosage of nitrogen application with proper weed management can lead to low disease incidents, hence is ecologically more sustainable.","PeriodicalId":33751,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tropical Crop Science","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82289599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effects of Gibberellin on Physical and Chemical Quality of Oil Palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) Fresh Fruit Bunches 赤霉素对油棕理化品质的影响新鲜水果束

Journal of Tropical Crop Science Pub Date : 2023-06-28 DOI: 10.29244/jtcs.10.02.87-93

Imelya Ramanis, Sudradjat Sudradjat, D. Saprudin

引用次数: 0

The Efficacy of Selected Insecticides Against Wheat Aphids on Irrigated Wheat in North Western Amhara, Ethiopia 选定杀虫剂对埃塞俄比亚阿姆哈拉西北部灌溉小麦蚜虫的防治效果

Journal of Tropical Crop Science Pub Date : 2023-06-28 DOI: 10.29244/jtcs.10.02.133-138

Mequanint Andualem, Gebremariem Asaye

引用次数: 0

Agronomic Performance of IPB Maize Hybrids and Combining Ability of the Lines IPB玉米杂交种的农艺性能及其配合力

Journal of Tropical Crop Science Pub Date : 2023-06-28 DOI: 10.29244/jtcs.10.02.144-151

Punjung Medaraji Suwarno, Abdul Qadir, Aldi Kamal Wijaya, W. Suwarno

{"title":"Agronomic Performance of IPB Maize Hybrids and Combining Ability of the Lines","authors":"Punjung Medaraji Suwarno, Abdul Qadir, Aldi Kamal Wijaya, W. Suwarno","doi":"10.29244/jtcs.10.02.144-151","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29244/jtcs.10.02.144-151","url":null,"abstract":"Maize is a significant food crop consumed in numerous countries worldwide. Increasing the yield potential of maize can be achieved through the breeding of high-yielding hybrid varieties. The objectives of this study were to assess the performance of hybrid means and parent combining ability for grain yield and other agronomic traits using a line x tester mating design. The study took place at the Gunung Gede Experimental Station of IPB University, Bogor, from June to October 2022. The experiment was conducted using a randomized complete block design with a single genotype factor and three replications. Twenty-two hybrids were utilized as genetic materials, including 20 hybrid candidates and two check varieties. Six maize lines (H1, L26, Nei, P2B, and P42) were employed as line parents, while L15 and P10 were used as tester parents in the line x tester analysis. The neighbor-joining tree analysis indicated that the female parent has a significant influence on the agronomic and yield performance of the hybrids. Correlation analysis revealed that the yield is more strongly influenced by ear diameter rather than ear length, and it is more affected by the number of kernel rows than the number of kernels per row. Three selected hybrids with favorable traits were Nei x B1, L15 x L26, and L26 x P10. The parent L26 demonstrated relatively good general combining ability for yield and may be considered for future maize breeding program.","PeriodicalId":33751,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tropical Crop Science","volume":"135 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77016988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Biomulch Treatment Effects on Weed Control and Soil Properties in Cassava Plantation 生物覆盖对木薯人工林杂草控制及土壤性质的影响

Journal of Tropical Crop Science Pub Date : 2023-06-28 DOI: 10.29244/jtcs.10.02.111-123

B. Suwitono, M. Chozin, D. Guntoro, S. Suwarto

{"title":"Biomulch Treatment Effects on Weed Control and Soil Properties in Cassava Plantation","authors":"B. Suwitono, M. Chozin, D. Guntoro, S. Suwarto","doi":"10.29244/jtcs.10.02.111-123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29244/jtcs.10.02.111-123","url":null,"abstract":"Legume Cover Crop (LCC) are plants grown as live mulch so that it is beneficial to the agro-ecosystem and can be included in cropping systems to regulate soil fertility and suppress weed growth. This study aims to determine the benefits of using Arachis pintoi as biomulch applied at different times on weed composition and soil fertility. The experiment was carried out at the Teaching farm of IPB, Jonggol, West Java, Indonesia; the soil type is Ultisol. This study used two factors and was designed in a factorial randomized block design. The first factor was four accessions of cassava “Ketan Malang”, “Genjah Bayam”, “IR Jonggol”, and “Manggu”; the second factor is the time of the biomulch planting: 4, 8, and 12 weeks before planting the cassava, at cassava planting, and without biomulch + manual weeding as the control. Weed vegetation was analyzed before land preparation and before cassava harvest. The physical and chemical properties of the soil were analyzed before and after the biomulch treatment. Our study demonstrated that Melastoma malabathricum, Tetracera indica, Oxalis barrelieri, Mimosa invisa, Ottochloa nodosa, Ipomoea sp and Cyperus sp. are the dominant weeds in the cassava plantation. Biomulch planted four and eight weeks before cassava was able to reduce weed dry weight. All biomulch treatments were able to improve soil density and total pore space. Soil with biomulch planted eight weeks before cassava planting had the highest C-organic (7.59%) and total nitrogen (0.41%).","PeriodicalId":33751,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tropical Crop Science","volume":"87 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78661322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Morphological Character of Clove “Raja” (Syzygium aromaticum L.), Endemic to Maluku, Indonesia 印度尼西亚马鲁古特有丁香“拉加”的形态特征

Journal of Tropical Crop Science Pub Date : 2023-01-31 DOI: 10.29244/jtcs.10.1.71-78

A. Y. Wattimena, A. S. Mahulette, M. H. Makaruku, Muhammad Fajri Aditthia Lating

{"title":"Morphological Character of Clove “Raja” (Syzygium aromaticum L.), Endemic to Maluku, Indonesia","authors":"A. Y. Wattimena, A. S. Mahulette, M. H. Makaruku, Muhammad Fajri Aditthia Lating","doi":"10.29244/jtcs.10.1.71-78","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29244/jtcs.10.1.71-78","url":null,"abstract":"Clove “Raja” is one of the local Maluku clove germplasm, which has characteristics similar to cultivated cloves and wild types. Until now, very limited information that are available on the morphological character of clove “Raja”. This study aims to provide basic information on the morphological diversity of “Raja”. The study was conducted at the location of the distribution of cloves “Raja” in Mamala village, Leihitu sub-district, Central Maluku district, Maluku province, in June-August 2022. The descriptors used referred to Tropical Fruit Descriptors, with some modifications. The clove “Raja” that were characterized belonged to the farmers and consisted of 30 accessions of cloves that were over twenty years old. The characterization variables included the characters of trees, stems, branches, leaves, flowers, fruits, and seeds. The results of Hierarchical Cluster Analysis (HCA) on 30 plant samples based on 54 morphological characters obtained two accession groups with a dissimilarity coefficient of 41%. The results of the Principle Component Analysis (PCA) got a total diversity of 70.5% where the first group consisted of accessions of cloves “Raja” group I having identifiable characters in the form of leaf area, leaf length, leaf width, and leaf tip shape; while the second group of clove accessions of “Raja” group I in the form of stem circumference, petiole length, flower length, fruit length, fruit width, and fruit weight. Characteristics of accession of “Raja” cloves group II had distinctive morphological traits in the form of crown shape, upper surface of leaves, lower surface of leaves, leaf thickness, leaf texture, old leaf color, shoot color, leaf tip color, leaf aroma, leaf spiciness, flower stalk length, and seed color.","PeriodicalId":33751,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tropical Crop Science","volume":"112 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76540376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Proline Accumulation and Growth of Bean Leaf (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) With Biochar Application in The Shallow Water Table Environment 豆叶脯氨酸的积累与生长生物炭在浅水环境中的应用

Journal of Tropical Crop Science Pub Date : 2023-01-31 DOI: 10.29244/jtcs.10.1.46-56

Mei Meihana, B. Lakitan, M. U. Harun, S. Susilawati, E. Siaga, L. I. Widuri, K. Kartika

{"title":"Proline Accumulation and Growth of Bean Leaf (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) With Biochar Application in The Shallow Water Table Environment","authors":"Mei Meihana, B. Lakitan, M. U. Harun, S. Susilawati, E. Siaga, L. I. Widuri, K. Kartika","doi":"10.29244/jtcs.10.1.46-56","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29244/jtcs.10.1.46-56","url":null,"abstract":"Agronomic constraints for vegetable cultivation in riparian wetlands are low soil quality and shallow water table conditions. This study aims to identify the effect of biochar application and shallow water table on proline accumulation and plant growth of bean leaf (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) at the generative stage. This study was carried out from April to August 2018 in factorial randomized block design. The first factor was doses of biochar (0, 1, and 2 kg.m-2), and the second was shallow water table condition (20 cm and 10 cm below the soil surface) given in the generative stage. The results showed that biochar application and the shallow water table significantly affected leaf parameters; proline accumulation and increases in the sucrose levels occurred on the leaves. Proline content increased started at 3 days after treatment (DAT) and decreased at 6 DAT until recovery day (7 DAT). The biochar application of 2 kg.m-2 provided good aeration in the soil, which enhanced the bean's ability to survive under excess water. Proline accumulation is one of the adaptation mechanisms of beans to abiotic stress in shallow water table conditions.","PeriodicalId":33751,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tropical Crop Science","volume":"68 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76100687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1