Proceedings of "Economic and Administrative Reform: Necessities and Challenges" Conference最新文献

{"title":"The ideal employment of labor force ... Between technological progress and professional Qualifications","authors":"Abdul Rasul A.Jassim","doi":"10.21928/uhdicearnc/23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21928/uhdicearnc/23","url":null,"abstract":"\"Among the requirements of a chieving economic development in Iraq is consolidation efforts for the ideal employment of labor force and stopping unemployment. This is accomplished after fully identifying supply and demand on labor forcent , taking in to consideration the recent progresses in the technology . The ultimate aim is to arrive at better redistribution of labor force in accordance with planning relationship between the expansion of employees and the development of other production factors . Hence this research deals with the demographic actuality together with orientation of employment, Professional qualification and training systems. \"","PeriodicalId":337421,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of \"Economic and Administrative Reform: Necessities and Challenges\" Conference","volume":"138 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127499319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"\"Changes in exchange rates and their effects on the economic reality In Iraq for the period 2003-2021 \"","authors":"Muntazar Fazil Saad Albatat, Faiza Hassan Masjt Aljashie","doi":"10.21928/uhdicearnc/5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21928/uhdicearnc/5","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the research is to explain the most impact of changes in the exchange rate on the Iraqi economy through its impact on many macroeconomic variables, as well as to clarify the most important reasons that led the Iraqi government to resort to devaluing the Iraqi dinar and the most important economic effects that resulted from this reduction. The research concluded that the devaluation of the currency has resulted in many negative effects on the economy, as it has greatly affected the living standards of individuals, and the research recommended that the Central Bank should take all necessary means and measures to maintain the stability of the currency value, which is reflected positively on economic stability with the necessity of Strict and effective control over the process of transferring and smuggling currency abroad.","PeriodicalId":337421,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of \"Economic and Administrative Reform: Necessities and Challenges\" Conference","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122783517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect creative leadership in the innovative climate: leader dialectical thinking as a moderating variable","authors":"Rafid Abdul Jalil Al-Hassan, Saadulldeen Ali Hussein, Hasan Oudah Abdullah","doi":"10.21928/uhdicearnc/20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21928/uhdicearnc/20","url":null,"abstract":"The climate that encourages innovation represents an important strategic dimension for which active organizations seek as it is the optimal mechanism for their development. To achieve this purpose, organizations need creative leadership that allows them to enjoy high professionalism to carry out their basic duties and tasks. To try to identify the modified role of the dialectic leader's thinking. The study included a sample of 354 employees in the South Refineries Company who were chosen randomly. The researchers used the questionnaire in order to reach the objectives of this study by formulating hypotheses that test that relationship, and we reached a set of results that indicate the existence of a positive role for creative leadership in the innovative climate. Also, this effect will be greater when the leader's dialectical thinking is at a high level. These results were discussed in order to identify one of the important mechanisms for managing human capital in industrial organizations in the oil sector.","PeriodicalId":337421,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of \"Economic and Administrative Reform: Necessities and Challenges\" Conference","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114497632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fiscal policy in Iraq in light of the shocks after 2003","authors":"Kamil Alawi Kazim","doi":"10.21928/uhdicearnc/30","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21928/uhdicearnc/30","url":null,"abstract":"The Iraqi economy suffers from a triple shock, the first shock represented by the demonstrations that erupted in November 2019, the second shock related to the collapse of oil prices and the reduction of its production under the OPEC + agreement, and the third shock represented by the Corona pandemic and the resulting shock of supply and demand at the same time, and then led to slowing economic growth. The problems of the Iraqi economy are related to the rentier economy, which made the state control its relations with society with the presence of oil rents and dependence on it, which made it move away from its society, and thus weakened the effectiveness of the role of civil society institutions or their supervisory role, especially in the economic issue. The Iraqi economy's dependence on oil in its movement has become sensitive to external and internal shocks, so the research will focus on the development of fiscal policy in Iraq after 2003 in light of the shocks it has been exposed to and their effects on economic activity.","PeriodicalId":337421,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of \"Economic and Administrative Reform: Necessities and Challenges\" Conference","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129751822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Challenges of the Iraqi Economy and the current possibilities for economic reformation","authors":"Basheer Hadi Ouda Al- Taai","doi":"10.21928/uhdicearnc/13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21928/uhdicearnc/13","url":null,"abstract":"Iraq is considered one of countries that own abundant base of physical, natural, human and financial resources, but the political environment, wars, arming and international sanctions that Iraq had suffered for more than two decades, in addition to the political change after 2003 and the destruction of institutional infrastructure, and corruption caused by sectarian and partisan quotas in the public institutions have led to a high negative impact on the Iraqi society. Moreover, terror and security turmoil became as an obstacle that hinder attempts for advancing the Iraqi economy, and enhancing level of growth and the sustainable development. However, the current study tries to present the dimensions of all issues mentioned above in order to introduce the possible mechanism to beat it as suitable solutions that can avail an accepted standard of living. This could be a base for the policies of reformation program which assumes that \"\"the offered suggestions by the economic policies to face the Iraqi economy problems will insure the success of economic reformation program and set it on the true path toward growth, diversification and development in light of efficient and fair national economic administration\"\". Finally, the study has introduced a set of suggestions regarding the possible reformation procedures for the Iraqi economy conditioned by developmental programs in the short, medium and long term.","PeriodicalId":337421,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of \"Economic and Administrative Reform: Necessities and Challenges\" Conference","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130557285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The relationship between leadership duality and corporate governance characteristics","authors":"Hatem Ali Abdullah","doi":"10.21928/uhdicearnc/15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21928/uhdicearnc/15","url":null,"abstract":"The study aimed to identify the nature of the relationship between the characteristics of leadership duality and corporate governance. SMART-PLS3). The study was applied in the field of private banks operating in Iraq, the city of Baghdad in particular, and six banks were selected, namely (International Development Bank, Babel Bank, Gulf Commercial Bank, Trans-Iraq Bank, Trade Bank of Iraq, Union Bank of Iraq), while the community of The study consisted of (department director, assistant director, division director, unit director) and the number of them was (160), from whom an intentional sample was drawn according to the equation (Green, 1990) to be represented by (114) individuals, the questionnaire was distributed to them and (105) questionnaires were retrieved (97). ) of which were valid for analysis. The study concluded that the CEO position as Chairman of the Board of Directors will increase the characteristics of corporate governance in terms of disclosure, transparency, accountability, effectiveness and justice. (Dual leadership) will be reflected on corporate governance, specifically its characteristics.","PeriodicalId":337421,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of \"Economic and Administrative Reform: Necessities and Challenges\" Conference","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129037683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Re-engineering the human resource In framework Strategic leadership","authors":"","doi":"10.21928/uhdicearnc/18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21928/uhdicearnc/18","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the research is to discover the nature of the relationship between strategic leadership and its dimensions (strategic orientation, core competences, human capital, organizational culture, organizational control), and human resource re-engineering and its dimensions (the human dimension, the technological dimension, and the organizational dimension). Several questions, including: What is the impact of strategic leadership on human resource re-engineering, and to answer this main question and other questions, the research was built on two main hypotheses, and five sub-hypotheses were derived from each of them. The research using a set of statistical methods and tools (the use of structural equation modeling with partial least squares (PLS-SEM) by (SmartPLS) program for the data obtained by means of a questionnaire distributed to a sample consisting of (66) managers in Fayd Al Qassim Company, as (66) questionnaires were distributed, and (59) correct questionnaires were retrieved, i.e. with a recovery rate of (89%). The research included four sections, the first included the scientific methodology, and the second was specialized In the theoretical framework, the third included presentation and analysis of the results, then the fourth topic came to present a set of conclusions and recommendations.","PeriodicalId":337421,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of \"Economic and Administrative Reform: Necessities and Challenges\" Conference","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121625132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Human resources strategies and their implications for achieving sustainable competitive advantage /","authors":"Sinan Qasim Husein Haidar","doi":"10.21928/uhdicearnc/8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21928/uhdicearnc/8","url":null,"abstract":"Human resource management is one of the most important functions of management ‎because it focuses on the human element, which is considered the most valuable resource ‎for management and the most influential in productivity at all. Rather, the productivity of ‎the organization depends on the extent to which business organizations possess qualified ‎individuals who are considered among the competitive sources on which the organization ‎depends within the business sector. Business companies are not a competition within the ‎financial sector or profits, but competition is based on the extent to which any ‎communication company owns the human resource that works to add value to the ‎organization, which in turn works to increase the profits of companies, hence the ‎importance of the study in terms of taking into account the strategies used in resource ‎management Human resources and their impact, considering the human resource as a ‎sustainable competitive advantage. As the study was conducted on two companies, ‎including telecommunications in Dohuk governorate, Asiacell and Korek Telecom, the ‎researcher distributed approximately (40) forms, and (30) forms were retrieved from the ‎research sample represented by the administrative leaders in the study sample, which ‎were randomly selected as a sample from the study population. represented by ‎telecommunications companies within the governorate of Dohuk, or as the study used the ‎questionnaire as a performance to measure its variables and the extent of the impact of ‎strategies on sustainable competitive advantage, and the data was analyzed by relying on ‎the ready-made program (spss)). After the analysis, the study reached a set of ‎conclusions, the most important of which are:‎ ‎1- There is a significant correlation between human resource strategies and sustainable ‎competitive advantage, especially in the training dimension, both at the macro and micro ‎levels ‎2. There is a significant effect of statistical significance between human resources ‎strategies and sustainable competitive advantage at the micro and macro levels of the ‎study sample.‎ Keywords: human resources, competitive advantage, planning, intellectual capital, ‎motivation.‎ \"","PeriodicalId":337421,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of \"Economic and Administrative Reform: Necessities and Challenges\" Conference","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124421733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of direct and indirect taxes in financing public revenues","authors":"Muhammad Amir Kamal","doi":"10.21928/uhdicearnc/6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21928/uhdicearnc/6","url":null,"abstract":"Direct and indirect taxes are vital to generate sufficient revenue for the state to meet the increasing public spending. And that both taxes (direct and indirect) are necessary to promote economic growth, fill job opportunities, and economic stability, as they are one of the sources of budget financing. Direct, which means imposing direct taxes on large and medium wealth, which means subjugating the owners of capital and the owners of wealth, or relying on indirect taxes, that is, imposing taxes on goods, services and commercial operations, which means subjugating those who do not have wealth and capital. However, the developing countries rely on direct taxes, while the reliance on indirect taxes is limited in scope, unlike the advanced industrial countries. The current study aims at the attempts of the role of direct and indirect taxes in financing public revenues in the Iraqi and Indian economies. For the purpose of facing public spending, the study clearly shows that taxes play an important role in the development of the Indian economy, unlike Iraq, in which the proportion of tax revenue is a very small part of the revenue, while the study shows Iraq's dependence on direct taxes to finance revenue, unlike India, which is used to non-taxes more direct.","PeriodicalId":337421,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of \"Economic and Administrative Reform: Necessities and Challenges\" Conference","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123425832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The pillars of knowledge management and its role in enhancing the dimensions of the competitive spectrum : Exploratory study in pharmaceutical companies in the city of Sulaymaniyah (pioneer company and Rasan company) as a model","authors":"Younis Muhammad Khzr Al-Sabawy, Naji Abdulasattar Mahmood, Yousif Obed Hama Ameen","doi":"10.21928/uhdicearnc/12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21928/uhdicearnc/12","url":null,"abstract":"The research aims to diagnose the contribution of the pillars of knowledge management with its main dimensions (cognitive leadership, organizational structure, learning, technology, knowledge sharing), in enhancing the dimensions of the competitive spectrum represented by (cost leadership strategy, differentiation strategy, and response strategy), to express the ability of organizations In reaching a comprehensive and focused vision that contributes to extracting and deducing the main contents of the dimensions of the competitive spectrum through which it is possible to improve performance and achieve excellence through the contents and pillars of knowledge. In order to achieve the objectives of the research, the research was conducted in the pharmaceutical companies sector and within selected companies by designing a questionnaire that was prepared in accordance with the goal of the research. , division manager, unit manager), and by (46) forms, while the number of the form retrieved and valid for analysis reached (43) and a recovery rate of (93%). The data obtained from the investigated field was analyzed using the correlation coefficient and the linear regression equation, which helped to reach a set of results, in the light of which a number of conclusions were crystallized, perhaps the most important of which are: The competitive spectrum, and its different dimensions, especially the response dimension. In light of the conclusions, the research presented its recommendations, and perhaps the most important of them are: the recommendation that urges the surveyed organizations and organizations in the surveyed sector to pay attention to the contents of knowledge in general and pay more attention to the availability of knowledge pillars in particular to achieve a kind of compatibility with the nature of the work of the surveyed organizations and competitive challenges that it can face in order to achieve the desired harmony between the dimensions of the appropriate competitive spectrum with the nature of its business.","PeriodicalId":337421,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of \"Economic and Administrative Reform: Necessities and Challenges\" Conference","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131106011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}