F Krefting, S Hölsken, M Schedlowski, W Sondermann
{"title":"[The effect of treatment expectations on pruritus and skin pain].","authors":"F Krefting, S Hölsken, M Schedlowski, W Sondermann","doi":"10.1007/s00482-021-00600-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00482-021-00600-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Patients' expectations in terms of the benefit of a treatment are key determinants of placebo responses and can affect the development and course of medical conditions as well as the efficacy and tolerability of active medical treatment. The mechanisms mediating these placebo and nocebo effects have been best described in the field of experimental pain and placebo analgesia. However, also in dermatology experimental and clinical studies demonstrate that different skin symptoms such as itch, skin pain and dermatologic diseases can be modulated by patients' expectations.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The aim of this review is to provide a current overview of the empirical evidence for the effects of patients' expectations in the field of dermatology with a focus on different skin symptoms such as itch and pain. Finally, the relevance of this topic for physicians who treat patients with dermatologic symptoms is discussed.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The article is a narrative review.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Steadily growing evidence from experimental and clinical studies in healthy volunteers and dermatologic patients suggests that patients' positive treatment expectations can reduce skin disease symptoms and enhance treatment efficacy, while negative treatment expectations can induce a nocebo effect associated with increased symptomatology. Patients' prior treatment experiences as well as the quality and quantity of doctor-patient communication play a central role in shaping treatment expectations.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Techniques aimed at maximizing positive expectation effects in patients should be implemented in daily clinical routine.</p>","PeriodicalId":336923,"journal":{"name":"Schmerz (Berlin, Germany)","volume":" ","pages":"189-195"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9156458/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39563528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"[Treatment expectations for postoperative pain].","authors":"Julia Stuhlreyer, Regine Klinger","doi":"10.1007/s00482-021-00575-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00482-021-00575-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Preoperative treatment expectations have a significant influence on postoperative pain and treatment outcomes. Positive expectations are an important mechanism of the placebo effect and negative expectations are an important mechanism of the nocebo effect.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>What is the influence of treatment expectations, how are they assessed in the clinical setting, and how can the findings be implemented in clinical practice?</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A literature search was performed using the keywords \"expectation\" AND (\"postoperative\" OR \"surgery\"). All English and German articles were selected. In addition, the bibliographies of the articles found were examined and incorporated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 158 articles were found, 49 of which investigate expectations and include postoperative treatment outcomes. Most articles investigate expectations only at baseline to ensure that groups do not differ preoperatively. The studies that prospectively examine the influence of expectations apply very different measurement methods to investigate expectancy constructs. Thus, comparison across studies is difficult. There are few studies examining whether and how expectations can be influenced perioperatively, and who developed practice-relevant interventions to change them.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Valid and reliable measurement tools should be applied in clinical trials for a more robust investigation of treatment expectations. Further studies should address possible intervention options so that treatment expectations can also be incorporated into standard clinical care.</p>","PeriodicalId":336923,"journal":{"name":"Schmerz (Berlin, Germany)","volume":" ","pages":"157-165"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9156456/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39366925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Justine Schmidt, Johanna Reinold, Regine Klinger, Sven Benson
{"title":"[Systemic inflammation, \"sickness behavior\" and expectations : What role do expectations play in inflammation-associated symptoms?]","authors":"Justine Schmidt, Johanna Reinold, Regine Klinger, Sven Benson","doi":"10.1007/s00482-021-00602-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00482-021-00602-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Systemic inflammation is accompanied by unspecific physical and psychological symptoms of sickness, including pain and affective symptoms. These symptoms (commonly called \"sickness behavior\") are mediated by the central nervous effects of immune messengers such as pro-inflammatory cytokines. While adaptive during acute inflammation, sickness symptoms can have detrimental effects on quality of life during chronic inflammation and may contribute to comorbidity in chronic pain conditions. Despite the high clinical relevance of sickness behavior, psychological interventions aiming to modulate sickness symptoms have hardly been investigated. One approach could be the use of expectation effects, since positive and negative expectations (placebo or nocebo effects) have been shown to have an influence on pain and affect-related symptoms.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Herein, we summarize immunological and psychobiological factors that contribute to pain in the context of sickness behavior, with a major focus on findings from experimental endotoxemia. Against this background, we discuss how expectations could help to improve immune-mediated sickness symptoms and outline potential psychological and psychobiological mechanisms underlying this putative effect.</p>","PeriodicalId":336923,"journal":{"name":"Schmerz (Berlin, Germany)","volume":" ","pages":"166-171"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9156479/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39677417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dustin Maser, Daniel Müller, Ulrike Bingel, Diana Müßgens
{"title":"[Results of a pilot study on the role of therapy expectation in interdisciplinary multimodal pain therapy for chronic back pain].","authors":"Dustin Maser, Daniel Müller, Ulrike Bingel, Diana Müßgens","doi":"10.1007/s00482-021-00590-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00482-021-00590-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Chronic low back pain is a serious persistent illness with profound personal and socioeconomic impact. Interdisciplinary multimodal pain therapy (IMPT) is one of the few evidence-based treatment options for chronic pain. Although it is known that pain perception, as well as its chronification and treatment are affected by patient expectations, only few clinical interventions or guidelines on how to modulate these effects exist.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The aim of this study was to demonstrate the impact of expectancy as a predictor for pain and related outcomes. To this end, we will present explorative pilot data from an observational cohort at our clinic.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study shows preliminary data of a prospective longitudinal observational study of up to 41 chronic back pain patients who followed an IMPT at the back pain center in Essen. Data were collected at admission (T0), at discharge (T1), and 3 months after discharge (T2). Primary outcomes were pain intensity and disability. Additionally, we measured treatment expectancy at admission. We used linear regression to analyze the impact of pretreatment expectancy on the primary outcome measures.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>IMPT led to a significant improvement in pain intensity and disability. The effect on pain intensity was stable over three months after discharge and disability declined even further. Expectancy was a significant predictor of improvement in pain intensity and explained approximately 15% of the variance.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Expectancy is an important predictor of treatment outcome in IMPT. In clinical practice, valid methods should therefore be established to reduce negative and promote positive expectations.</p>","PeriodicalId":336923,"journal":{"name":"Schmerz (Berlin, Germany)","volume":" ","pages":"172-181"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9156493/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39493182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Behandlungserwartungen und Schmerz","authors":"U. Bingel, R. Klinger","doi":"10.1007/s00482-022-00649-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00482-022-00649-7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":336923,"journal":{"name":"Schmerz (Berlin, Germany)","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114750100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Seeing others is believing – Analgetische Placeboeffekte durch Beobachtungslernen?","authors":"Marie Schwartz, J. Stuhlreyer, R. Klinger","doi":"10.1007/s00482-022-00646-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00482-022-00646-w","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":336923,"journal":{"name":"Schmerz (Berlin, Germany)","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129880902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}