{"title":"Toxicity of pesticides in mixtures with different modes of action.","authors":"S. Arora","doi":"10.1079/9781780646336.0168","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1079/9781780646336.0168","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract\u0000 Mixtures of insecticides with different modes of action are usually considered very effective in resistance management programmes. In pesticide mixtures with different modes of action, one product or toxicant interferes with the metabolic detoxification of the other toxicant, thereby synergizing the toxicity of the latter toxicant, leading to their synergistic behaviour. This chapter describes pesticides in mixtures with different modes of action. Some models for predicting mixture toxicity of pesticides are also shown. The toxic effects of pesticide mixtures in the environment (including humans, aquatic and wild animals) are discussed, as well as the implementation of pesticide mixtures and rotations to combat the issue of resistance to pesticides.","PeriodicalId":336224,"journal":{"name":"Pesticide risk assessment","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121214177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Diagnostic tools for pesticide detection.","authors":"S. Arora","doi":"10.1079/9781780646336.0103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1079/9781780646336.0103","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract\u0000 This chapter deals with monitoring of pesticide residues in food and feed using various analytical methods, such as QuEChERS (multi-residue method); supercritical fluid extraction; microwave-assisted extraction; SCF chromatography; single residue methods; multi-residue methods; and other diagnostic tools including immunoassays, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and biosensor-, enzyme-, aptamer-, cell-, DNA-, nanoscience-, carbon nanotube-, graphene-, carbon- and non-carbon-based biosensors.","PeriodicalId":336224,"journal":{"name":"Pesticide risk assessment","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121742097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}