International Journal of School Health最新文献

{"title":"Comparing the Effect of the Corrective Exercises of America’s National Academy of Sports Medicine and Pilates on the Correction of Lordosis among Female High School Students in Golestan Province in 2018","authors":"Hadiseh Okhli, H. Hojjati, Golbahar Akhoundzadeh","doi":"10.30476/INTJSH.2019.45883","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30476/INTJSH.2019.45883","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Lordosis is a curvature in the posterior of vertebral column. Loss of normal lordotic alignment may induce pathologic changes in the spine from load bearing and accelerate degeneration of the functional motion units. The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of the corrective exercises of the National Academy of Sports Medicine (NASM) and Pilates on the correction of lumbar lordosis among female high school students. Methods: In this experimental study, conducted in 2018, 45 female high school students suffering from lumbar lordosis were randomly selected from Golestan Province and divided into three groups of NASM corrective exercises, Pilates exercises and control. The two intervention groups received corrective exercises for eight weeks, the angle of lordosis was measured prior to and following the intervention, and the analysis of variance was used at a significant level of P<0.05. Results: The results showed that both 8-week corrective NASM (P=0.03) and 8-week Pilates exercises (P=0.01) had a significant effect on the angle of lumbar lordosis. However, no significant differences were observed in the control group in this regard (P=0.7). Moreover, according to ANOVA test, there were no significant differences among the three groups regarding lordosis angle prior to the intervention (P=0.13 and F=2.14). Conclusion: Based on the results of the present study, the lumbar lordosis angle decreased in both NASM and Pilates exercises groups following the intervention, with NASM exercises resulting in more reduction in the lumbar curvature compared with Pilates exercises. Therefore, therapists and experts of corrective movements can make use of these exercises as novel approachesto correcting lordosis.","PeriodicalId":33610,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of School Health","volume":"6 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48553092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of Aerobic Exercise on Body Composition and Muscle Strength of Female Students at Elementary Schools of Ali Abad Katoul in 2018","authors":"Parastoo Mohammad Gholinejad, H. Hojjati, S. Ghorbani","doi":"10.30476/INTJSH.2019.45892","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30476/INTJSH.2019.45892","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Physical activity stimulates the growth rate and reduces the risk factors of human health. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of aerobic exercise on the body composition and muscle strength of elementary school female students. Methods: This quasi-experimental study was conducted on 42 elementary school female students at Ali Abad Katoul city of Golestan Province, Iran in 2018. The samples were randomly divided in two groups including intervention and control. Data collection tool included body composition, and leg and chest pressing device. The exercise protocol contained various aerobic exercises for four weeks, three sessions per week, each session takes 45 minutes. Pre-test and post-test measurements were made by body composition, and leg and chest pressing device in both control and intervention groups. Data were analyzed by SPSS software version 16 using descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (independent and paired t-test). Results: The results of the test group indicated the average height of 152.79, standard deviation of 10.25, and so average weight of 49.28 and standard deviation of 12.86. The results showed that a four-week aerobic training period had no significant effect on the body composition and upper body muscle strength of female students (P=0.83), but this training course significantly increased the lower body muscle strength of female students in the intervention group (P=0.01). Conclusion: Considering the effect of a four-week aerobic training course on lower body muscle strength of students, it is suggested that sport teachers use these types of exercises to increase the muscle strength of students.","PeriodicalId":33610,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of School Health","volume":"6 1","pages":"27-33"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46173731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Ways to Strengthen the Factors Affecting Identity in High School Students","authors":"R. Saadatmehr, A. Karimian, Ensieh Babaei, F. Bakhshian","doi":"10.30476/INTJSH.2019.45891","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30476/INTJSH.2019.45891","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Due to the formation of identity in adolescence and the importance of this subject in this period and also many factors playing an important role in this field, this study aims to identify ways to enhance identification in high school students. Methods: This is a qualitative study conducted by Delphi method. Twenty-five psychologists and sociologists in the field of education were selected to participate in the study. Experts received 5 full-fledged questions about the ways to enhance identity in high school students. After receiving the forms, experts’ opinions were categorized and semi-structured, then, in a four-step Delphi, a consensus was reached among the experts in this field. The Kendall Coordinating Coefficient was used to examine the agreement between the experts and Friedman’s test to rank each of the enhancements of adolescents’ identification factors. Results: Findings showed that among the proposed methods by the experts, 13 factors were agreed upon by the experts. The highest rank is to increase self-esteem and the lowest rank is preserving cultural values. Conclusion: According to the results, holding educational courses for parents and students, equipping and enriching schools, and taking into account extracurricular activities to facilitate easy identification of the students is recommended.","PeriodicalId":33610,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of School Health","volume":"6 1","pages":"21-26"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48951130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mediating Effect of Religious Belief on Death Anxiety in Chinese Adolescents: A Cross-Sectional Study","authors":"Grace K I Lok, Milly Ng, Michelle Zhu, S. K. Chao, Shirley Li","doi":"10.30476/INTJSH.2019.45884","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30476/INTJSH.2019.45884","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Since death anxiety is a potential risk for adolescent suicide, it is important to identify the related factors for promoting positive life attitudes and suicide prevention in high school students in Macao. For this aim, we assessed the level of death anxiety of the adolescents with Chinese ethnicity and explored its socio-demographic correlations. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted on 2,687 adolescents aged 14 years or above, recruited from ten high schools in Macao during June 2015. A self-administrated questionnaire was distributed to the participants and was completed autonomously and anonymously. Results: Our findings indicated the average death anxiety score of high school adolescents in Macao was within the general norm of 4.5 to 7.0 (6.97, SD=3.13). Female adolescents (t=-7.914, P<0.001) who studied in senior secondary school (t=-3.952, P<0.001) had participated in life and death education (t=-2.275, P=0.023) with religious belief (t=-2.451, P=0.014) and attended school with religious background (t=-3.42, P=0.001) reported significant differences in death anxiety. Furthermore, weak mediating effect of religious belief (OR=0.04, P=0.042) and school attendance with religious background (OR=0.06, P=0.004) were found to be effective in reducing death anxiety in these adolescents. Conclusion: This is the first study to examine death anxiety of Chinese adolescents. Our findings suggest the need to pay attention on the effect of religious belief and cultural considerations for designing life and death education in Chinese adolescents.","PeriodicalId":33610,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of School Health","volume":"6 1","pages":"14-20"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48523476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Relationship Between the Effects of Adverse Childhood Experiences with Emotion Regulation and Cognitive Flexibility in Teenage Students","authors":"M. Shahab, S. Taklavi","doi":"10.30476/INTJSH.2019.45942","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30476/INTJSH.2019.45942","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Adolescence is a developmental period when the adverse childhood experiences have a significant impact due to the changes in the brain structure and functioning during this period. This is mainly related to cognitive and emotional functioning. Childhood treatment, relationships, and health are the key factors involved in predicting later life emotional and cognitive growth and function. Objectives: This research aimed to investigate the relationship between adverse childhood experiences with emotion regulation and cognitive flexibility in teenage students. The research method was descriptive correlational. Methods: The population of the study included all enrolled teenage students in English language institutes of Ardabil city in 2019; 135 individuals were selected as the sample of the study. The research tools were Adverse Childhood Experiences Questionnaire, Cognitive Flexibility Questionnaire, and Emotional Regulation Scale. Results: The results showed that there was a significant negative correlation between adverse childhood experiences with emotion regulation (r=-0.409), (P=0.001) and cognitive flexibility(r=-0.435), (P=0.001). The results of the regression analysis showed that 29.5% of emotion regulation was explained by adverse childhood experiences. Also, 50.6% of cognitive flexibility was explained by adverse childhood experiences. Conclusion: There was found a negative and significant correlation between adverse childhood experiences with emotion regulation and cognitive flexibility in teenage students. From this finding, it can be concluded that the early development period and family member treatment, relationships, and health are the key factors in predicting later life emotional and cognitive growth and function.","PeriodicalId":33610,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of School Health","volume":"6 1","pages":"41-47"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46866031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Think and Act Positive: How to Deal with Conformity and Purpose in Life During Adolescence","authors":"M. Jadidi, Maryam Shahnasi, M. Zafarghandi","doi":"10.5812/INTJSH.79870","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/INTJSH.79870","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Adolescence is a period that a person develops from being juvenile into adulthood; therefore, training female adolescents is of great importance since it is a preparation stage for psychosocial demands. Psychologists should not only think about solving adolescence’s problems, but they must also help them to achieve a happier, and more fulfilled life. Excitement and the promotion of the meaning of life can have desirable aspects for the person, in individual and social conditions. Because when conformity appears in the form of normative influence, it improves the quality of life. \u0000Objectives: The purpose of the present study was to examine the effectiveness of positive psychotherapy on conformity and the purpose in life among female adolescents. \u0000Methods: The research method was quasi experimental with pretest-posttest and control group. The population included high school female students in Neka, Mazandaran province, Iran in 2017. Thirty female adolescents selected using purposeful, and convenience sampling methods as the samples of the study. Fifteen subjects were then randomly assigned into each of the experimental and control groups. The experimental group received psychoeducational based on positive psychotherapy during 8 weeks, one session per week and each session lasted for 90 minutes; the control group did not receive any intervention. Measurements of the study were conformity L-72 test, and purpose in life questionnaire that respectively includes 55 and 20 items. The reliability of both tools was higher than 0.7. \u0000Results: Results revealed that in the experimental group, the means of conformity in pretest, posttest and follow up were 85.13, 69.00 and 67.93, and the mean of purpose in life were 103.67, 120.47 and 121.40. The positive psychotherapy had a significant effect on declining conformity and elaborating purpose in life among subjects (P < 0.001). \u0000Conclusions: Positive psychotherapy, by relying on positive attributes, can be effective on individual and social health and growth of adolescent girls. It is recommended to be used for adolescents who have low-level of purpose in life in or conformity.","PeriodicalId":33610,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of School Health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46671079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aerobics or Pilates: Which is More Effective in the Performance of Wechsler Acid Profile Among Children with Learning Disabilities? A Randomized Comparison Trial","authors":"Ali Seghatoleslamy, M. Masoudi, M. Saghebjoo, M. Taheri","doi":"10.5812/INTJSH.90020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/INTJSH.90020","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The main purpose of this study was to determine whether Pilates exercise is as good as aerobic exercise on the performance of subtests of Wechsler ACID profile in female primary school students with learning disabilities. TheWechsler intelligence scale for children developed byWechsler in 1949 was used to measure children’s intelligence. One of the features of this scale is that, unlike similar individual scales, it is not designed based on the age level and items are arranged in order of difficulty in each test. Each subtest measures different abilities, the sum of which indicates the overall intelligence. \u0000Methods: The statistical population consisted of all female students with learning disorders in Sarayan city in the academic year 2013 - 2014, 45 of who were recruited as the sample in this study. Subjects were randomly divided into two experimental groups (aerobics and Pilates) and one control group (each containing 15 subjects). The experimental groups were the subject of independent variables (aerobic or Pilates exercise protocols) for eight weeks. Learning disorder was confirmed through interviews with the children and parents, background reviewing, and the administration of theWechsler test. The primary objective was the comparison of Pilates and aerobic exercises in the mean score of overall intelligence at the end of the study. \u0000Results: The results showed that the mean score of overall intelligence was better in the Pilates group (n = 15, mean = 104) than in the aerobic group (n = 15, mean = 100). However, the results showed that eight weeks of aerobic and Pilates exercises improved the performance of the subtests of Wechsler ACID profile in the intervention groups compared to the control group, but no significant difference was found between the two intervention groups (P = 0.61). \u0000Conclusions: It seems that eight weeks of aerobic and Pilates exercises can have positive effects on the performance of the subtests of Wechsler ACID profile in children with learning disabilities as a non-invasive method.","PeriodicalId":33610,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of School Health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46183647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Mediating Role of Resilience in the Relationship Between Perceived Parenting Styles and Anger Management","authors":"Behzad Azarnioshan, H. Naderi, A. Shojaee, Askar Asghariganji","doi":"10.5812/INTJSH.95048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/INTJSH.95048","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The study of anger is important from many aspects, one of which is the anger management. Objectives: The current study aimed at examining the mediating role of resilience in the relationship between perceived parenting styles and anger management in high school students. Methods: Using randomized cluster sampling, 395 high school students (females and males) from Babolsar city, Iran enrolled in the school for the academic year of 2017 - 2018 were selected as the study participants. The participants’ ages ranged 12 to 16 years (mean = 13.93, SD = 0.81). The perceived parenting style of the participants was determined, using resilience and anger management scales. Data were analyzed by AMOS version 22. In order to evaluate the proposed model of the study, path analysis was performed. Results: The results indicated that the authoritative parenting style was a positive predictor of anger management (P = 0.006,β= 0.19) and resilience (P = 0.012,β= 0.21). The results also revealed that the authoritarian parenting style was a negative predictor of anger management (P = 0.008,β= -.25) and resilience (P = 0.005,β= - 0.31). Resilience was a positive predictor of anger management (P = 0.011,β= 0.33) and played a mediator role between authoritative and authoritarian parenting styles and anger management. The results showed that the acceptable percentage of anger management variance was explained by the model. Conclusions: Given the results, increase of authoritative parenting style and decrease of authoritarian parenting style are accompanied by strengthened anger management skill in high school students. Therefore, holding workshops for parents can help them to strengthen the management of anger in their children.","PeriodicalId":33610,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of School Health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43571729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"HIITing Health in School: Can High Intensity Interval Training Be a Useful and Reliable Tool for Health on a School-Based Enviroment? A Systematic Review","authors":"Rafael Zapata-Lamana, Igor Cigarroa Cuevas, Victor Fuentes, Claudio Soto Espindola, Eva Parrado Romero, C. Sepúlveda, Matías Monsalves-Álvarez","doi":"10.5812/intjsh.89829","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/intjsh.89829","url":null,"abstract":"Context: High-intensity interval training (HIIT) is considered a time-efficient strategy to improve cardiometabolic health markers in children and adolescents. However, the evidence regarding the characterization of each intervention and the quantification of their health effects within the school environment is required. Objectives: To systematically review the characteristics of HIIT-based interventions during school time and quantify their effects on the health of children and adolescents. Data Sources: Recommendation of PRISMA for systematic review was applied. The protocol was registered in the PROSPERO repository 2018 CRD42018089017. A search of the literature (2008 - 2018) on the databases PubMed,Web of Science, CINHAL and PsycINFo was carried out. Study Selection: Twelve publications using HIIT on children and adolescents in a school-based environment were selected. The inclusion criteria were: (1) HIIT; (2) intervention and, (3) type of study. Data Extraction: The inclusion criteria to the titles and abstracts, or three independent researchers analyzed the articles. PRISMA’s recommendation for systematic reviews, Cochrane tool and ROBINS for randomized and non-randomized studies were used. Results: We identified 12 studies that included a total of 917 children and adolescents; 83% of the interventions were performed during physical education classes. The average duration and intensity of the interventions were 8 weeks and > 90% HR, respectively. The most important variables evaluated and impacted by HIIT were cardiovascular fitness, nutritional status, and physiological wellbeing. Conclusions: HIIT seems to be a reliable and time-efficient approach to impact especially cardiovascular fitness of children and adolescents during school time. The focus on class intensity and the number of repetitions needs further investigation to find interventions based on each school due to individual differences regarding time and implementation constraints to impact health parameters.","PeriodicalId":33610,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of School Health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48037078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Social Networks and Students: Educational Performance, Psychological Well-Being, and Mental Health","authors":"M. Sarafraz, Haniyeh Chavoshi, Mahyar Alinaghi","doi":"10.5812/intjsh.82609","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/intjsh.82609","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Social network websites are defined as web-based services that provide individuals with an opportunity to connect and communicate with other people for sharing information. The use of these networks is growing dramatically, which may have various effects on individuals’ lives. Objectives: The present study hypothesized that using social networks has a negative effect on educational performance, psychological well-being, and mental health. Methods:We selected 315 students from Shiraz, Iran, in 2017 (185 girls and 130 boys with an average age of 16.88 and 15.9 years, respectively) from six high schools at the fourth grade to evaluate the effect of social networks on educational performance, psychological well-being, and mental health. Students were selected using a convenience sampling method. The research plan was sub-projects of correlated plans and data were analyzed by stepwise regression analysis with SPSS version 21 at a significance level of < 0.05. The exclusion criteria included students’ dissatisfaction and age of under 15 and above 18. Results:We found that 90.8% of the students were using social networks. In general, virtual networks had negative (-0.25; P = 0.001) and positive (0.23; P = 0.001) correlations with educational performance and depression, respectively. Particularly, social network websites had positive relationships with anxiety and stress in male students and negative relationships with grade point average (GPA) and psychological well-being in female students. Regression analysis revealed that social networks had significant effects on depression, educational performance, psychological well-being, stress, anxiety, and GPA. Among different social networks (Telegram, WhatsApp, Instagram, and Facebook), Instagram negatively predicted educational performance, psychological well-being, and depression while WhatsApp and Telegram predicted depression and GPA, respectively. Moreover, Telegram, in particular, predicted stress and anxiety among male students. Conclusions: These findings necessitate to pay attention to this phenomenon and its consequences.","PeriodicalId":33610,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of School Health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48742684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}