Medicine in Drug Discovery最新文献

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Impact of CYP3A5 rs776746 and CYP3A7 rs2257401 polymorphism on steroid metabolism and dose optimization in pediatric nephrotic syndrome CYP3A5 rs776746和CYP3A7 rs2257401多态性对儿童肾病综合征类固醇代谢及剂量优化的影响
Medicine in Drug Discovery Pub Date : 2025-07-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.medidd.2025.100216
Praveenkumar Kochuthakidiyel Suresh , Yogalakshmi Venkatachalapathy , Nandita Ganesh , George Priya Doss C , Sangeetha Geminiganesan , Sudha Ekambaram , Mohana Priya C.D
{"title":"Impact of CYP3A5 rs776746 and CYP3A7 rs2257401 polymorphism on steroid metabolism and dose optimization in pediatric nephrotic syndrome","authors":"Praveenkumar Kochuthakidiyel Suresh ,&nbsp;Yogalakshmi Venkatachalapathy ,&nbsp;Nandita Ganesh ,&nbsp;George Priya Doss C ,&nbsp;Sangeetha Geminiganesan ,&nbsp;Sudha Ekambaram ,&nbsp;Mohana Priya C.D","doi":"10.1016/j.medidd.2025.100216","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.medidd.2025.100216","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A multicentric genetic study was conducted on 200 paediatric patients with nephrotic-range proteinuria, including 100 cases each of steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome (SSNS) and steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome (SRNS). The study analysed two genetic variants: <em>CYP3A5</em> (rs776746) and <em>CYP3A7</em> (rs2257401). For <em>CYP3A5</em> Variant rs776746 A &gt; G is also known as 6986A &gt; G <em>CYP3A5*3</em> allele. Individuals with the A allele (6986A) carry the <em>CYP3A5*1</em> (functional) allele. Individuals with the G allele (6986G) carry the <em>CYP3A5*3</em> (non-functional) allele. overall genotype frequencies were 20.5 % AA, 30 % GG, and 49.5 % AG. In the SSNS group, the distribution was 13 % AA, 36 % GG, and 51 % AG (A allele: 0.38, G allele: 0.62), while the SRNS group showed 28 % AA, 24 % GG, and 48 % AG (A allele: 0.52, G allele: 0.48). For <em>CYP3A7</em> rs2257401, genotype frequencies were 15 % GG, 21 % CC, and 64 % GC. In SSNS, 14 % were GG, 24 % CC, and 62 % GC; in SRNS, 16 % GG, 18 % CC, and 66 % GC. G and C allele frequencies were equal (0.5) in both groups for <em>CYP3A7</em>. The findings suggest that <em>CYP3A5</em> rs776746, particularly the GG genotype, may be associated with reduced steroid response, potentially requiring alternative treatment approaches in SRNS patients. The rs776746 polymorphism involves an A &gt; G substitution, where the AA genotype (<em>CYP3A5 3/3</em>) indicates non-functional enzyme expression. Genotypic comparison showed higher AA frequency in SRNS patients. The AA genotype was associated with lower steroid metabolism, necessitating dose reduction. In contrast, <em>CYP3A7</em> rs2257401 showed no significant correlation. This suggests that <em>CYP3A5</em> genotyping could aid dose optimization in steroid-resistant cases.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":33528,"journal":{"name":"Medicine in Drug Discovery","volume":"27 ","pages":"Article 100216"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144656271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Repositioning of rhodanine-thiazole hybrids as aldose reductase inhibitors 罗丹宁-噻唑杂交种醛糖还原酶抑制剂的重新定位
Medicine in Drug Discovery Pub Date : 2025-07-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.medidd.2025.100215
Shankar Gharge, Shankar G. Alegaon, Shriram D. Ranade, Rohini S. Kavalapure
{"title":"Repositioning of rhodanine-thiazole hybrids as aldose reductase inhibitors","authors":"Shankar Gharge,&nbsp;Shankar G. Alegaon,&nbsp;Shriram D. Ranade,&nbsp;Rohini S. Kavalapure","doi":"10.1016/j.medidd.2025.100215","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.medidd.2025.100215","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the aldose reductase (AR) inhibitory potential of a series of synthesized rhodanine-thiazole hybrids (7a–7 l) through a combination of biological assays and computational modeling. The derivatives were divided into two categories: rhodanine (7a–7f) and rhodanine acetic acid derivatives (7g–7l). Biological evaluation revealed that rhodanine acetic acid derivatives demonstrated superior AR inhibition, with IC<sub>50</sub> values ranging from 6.87 to 9.07 µM, compared to rhodanine derivatives (11.79–15.90 µM). Among them, compound 7i (4-fluoro rhodanine acetic acid) exhibited the highest potency (IC<sub>50</sub> = 6.87 ± 1.22 µM), outperforming the standard Quercetin. Kinetic studies confirmed 7i as a reversible, non-competitive inhibitor (Ki = 6.87 µM), indicating interaction at an allosteric site of AR. Molecular docking using Schrödinger’s Glide XP mode against AKR1B1 (PDB ID: 4JIR) revealed that 7i had the most favorable docking score (−10.02) and binding energy (−67.51 kcal/mol), surpassing the standard inhibitor Epalrestat. Molecular dynamics simulations (200 ns) for 7 h and 7i indicated stable binding within the active site, with TRP111 identified as a key interacting residue. Interaction profiling revealed consistent hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interactions, especially for 7i. Further, Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Free Energy Landscape (FEL) analysis confirmed the stability of the 7i-bound complex, showing a dominant low-energy conformation. Dynamic Cross-Correlation Matrix (DCCM) analysis suggested that 7i enhances protein stability by modulating internal dynamics. Overall, 7i emerges as a promising AR inhibitor with potential therapeutic relevance for diabetic complications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":33528,"journal":{"name":"Medicine in Drug Discovery","volume":"27 ","pages":"Article 100215"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144580925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Flavonoids and anxiety: decoding their role in brain function and pathophysiology 类黄酮与焦虑:解码它们在脑功能和病理生理中的作用
Medicine in Drug Discovery Pub Date : 2025-07-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.medidd.2025.100214
Riya Singla , Sonia Kamboj , Brijesh Kumar Duvey , Anurag Bhargava , Jasmine Chaudhary
{"title":"Flavonoids and anxiety: decoding their role in brain function and pathophysiology","authors":"Riya Singla ,&nbsp;Sonia Kamboj ,&nbsp;Brijesh Kumar Duvey ,&nbsp;Anurag Bhargava ,&nbsp;Jasmine Chaudhary","doi":"10.1016/j.medidd.2025.100214","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.medidd.2025.100214","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Anxiety disorder ranks among the most common mental health issues globally, thereby emphasizing the pressing necessity for the development of safer and more effective treatment alternatives. A noteworthy class of compounds in this context is flavonoids, which are naturally polyphenolic substances found in abundance within fruits, vegetables, and various medicinal plants. These compounds have garnered attention as candidates for the modulation of behaviours associated with anxiety. Examining the neurological mechanisms that underlie the anxiolytic effects of flavonoids reveals significant interaction with essential neurotransmitter systems. Specifically, engagement with serotonergic and dopaminergic pathways has been observed, indicating the multifaceted nature of flavonoids’ influence on anxiety responses. The biological activities, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory properties, contribute to an additional layer to the potential therapeutic effect. Therefore, this review mainly focuses on the pathological facets of anxiety and explores the possible mechanism of flavonoids with the preclinical and clinical aspects for curing anxiety. Moreover, a growing body of experimental and clinical evidence indicates that certain flavonoids, including apigenin, quercetin, and luteolin, possess a considerable capacity to mitigate symptoms of anxiety, frequently resulting in a reduced incidence of adverse effects relative to traditional pharmacological therapies. This body of work reinforces the proposition that flavonoids may serve as viable natural alternatives to supplementary treatments in the management of anxiety disorders. Nevertheless, it remains imperative that additional research is conducted to clarify the mechanisms underlying the pharmacological effects of these flavonoids. Furthermore, investigations aimed at optimizing their bioavailability and validating clinical efficacy through extensive human trials are essential to fully ascertain their therapeutic potential in anxiety management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":33528,"journal":{"name":"Medicine in Drug Discovery","volume":"27 ","pages":"Article 100214"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144562790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Generative AI for drug discovery and protein design: the next frontier in AI-driven molecular science 用于药物发现和蛋白质设计的生成式人工智能:人工智能驱动的分子科学的下一个前沿
Medicine in Drug Discovery Pub Date : 2025-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.medidd.2025.100213
Uddalak Das
{"title":"Generative AI for drug discovery and protein design: the next frontier in AI-driven molecular science","authors":"Uddalak Das","doi":"10.1016/j.medidd.2025.100213","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.medidd.2025.100213","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Generative artificial intelligence (AI) has emerged as a disruptive paradigm in molecular science, enabling algorithmic navigation and construction of chemical and proteomic spaces through data-driven modeling. This review systematically delineates the theoretical underpinnings, algorithmic architectures, and translational applications of deep generative models—including variational autoencoders (VAEs), generative adversarial networks (GANs), autoregressive transformers, and score-based denoising diffusion probabilistic models (DDPMs)—in the rational design of bioactive small molecules and functional proteins. We examine the role of latent space learning, probabilistic manifold exploration, and reinforcement learning in inverse molecular design, focusing on optimization of pharmacologically relevant objectives such as ADMET profiles, synthetic accessibility, and target affinity. Furthermore, we survey advancements in graph-based molecular generative frameworks, LLM-guided protein sequence modeling, and diffusion-based structural prediction pipelines (e.g., RFdiffusion, FrameDiff), which have demonstrated state-of-the-art performance in de novo protein engineering and conformational sampling. Generative AI is also catalyzing a paradigm shift in structure-based drug discovery via AI-augmented molecular docking (e.g., DiffDock), end-to-end binding affinity prediction, and quantum chemistry-informed neural potentials. We explore the convergence of generative models with Bayesian retrosynthesis planners, self-supervised pretraining on ultra-large chemical corpora, and multimodal integration of omics-derived features for precision therapeutics. Finally, we discuss translational milestones wherein AI-designed ligands and proteins have progressed to preclinical and clinical validation, and speculate on the synthesis of generative AI, closed-loop automation, and quantum computing in future autonomous molecular design ecosystems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":33528,"journal":{"name":"Medicine in Drug Discovery","volume":"27 ","pages":"Article 100213"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144570577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Retrospective analysis of glomerular filtration rate estimated using different equations with and without adjustment to individual body surface area 回顾性分析肾小球滤过率估计使用不同的方程式,有和没有调整个人体表面积
Medicine in Drug Discovery Pub Date : 2025-06-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.medidd.2025.100212
Sara Armani , Julia Stingl , Thomas Forst , Josef Höfler , Hannah Wecker , Astrid Trion
{"title":"Retrospective analysis of glomerular filtration rate estimated using different equations with and without adjustment to individual body surface area","authors":"Sara Armani ,&nbsp;Julia Stingl ,&nbsp;Thomas Forst ,&nbsp;Josef Höfler ,&nbsp;Hannah Wecker ,&nbsp;Astrid Trion","doi":"10.1016/j.medidd.2025.100212","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.medidd.2025.100212","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The assessment of the influence of renal function on the pharmacokinetics of a new drug is pivotal in many clinical development programs. In clinical trials, renal function is commonly assessed by estimating the glomerular filtration rate (GFR).</div><div>Our retrospective analysis compared the assignment of 60 Caucasian volunteers to renal function groups based on their estimated GFR (eGFR). For each volunteer, GFR as measure of renal function was calculated using six commonly used equations (MDRD<sub>2006</sub>, CKD-EPI<sub>creat2009</sub>, CKD-EPI<sub>creat2021</sub>, CKD-EPI<sub>cyst2012</sub>, CKD-EPI<sub>creat/cyst2012</sub>, and CKD-EPI<sub>creat/cyst2021</sub>) with and without adjustment to individual body surface area (BSA).</div><div>The resulting distribution of individuals to renal function groups varied across equations. The CKD-EPI<sub>creat/cyst2012</sub> and CKD-EPI<sub>creat/cyst2021</sub>, using both creatinine and cystatin C, showed the highest consistency in the renal function group assignment (agreement rate). The agreement rate improved by adjusting with individual BSA (aGFR).</div><div>The results support that BSA-adjustment of eGFR may improve the comparability and reproducibility of results of clinical trials where renal function categories are part of the trial design.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":33528,"journal":{"name":"Medicine in Drug Discovery","volume":"27 ","pages":"Article 100212"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144524215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Current demands for standardization of Indian medicinal plants: A critical review 印度药用植物标准化的当前需求:综述
Medicine in Drug Discovery Pub Date : 2025-06-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.medidd.2025.100211
Rishabh Kaundal , Dinesh Kumar
{"title":"Current demands for standardization of Indian medicinal plants: A critical review","authors":"Rishabh Kaundal ,&nbsp;Dinesh Kumar","doi":"10.1016/j.medidd.2025.100211","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.medidd.2025.100211","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The resurgence of interest in natural products and traditional medicines offers promising avenues for drug discovery. Medicinal plants’ novel chemical and molecular entities dominate current pharmaceutical research. India has mega biodiversity, including medicinal plants that contribute to drug development and health care via traditional practices. Due to the huge demand, a false practice, and quality issues have been observed in the market. Therefore, comprehensive information about standardization methods and processes are the need of hours to maintain quality of raw materials and final products. Thus, the current review insights the significant role of traditional medicines in India, where over 80<!--> <!-->% of the population relies on traditional and folklore practices for healthcare needs. This review also summarizes several standardization parameters, including stepwise pharmacognostic studies, WHO guidelines and official pharmacopeia standards. Published literature suggests that research on medicinal plants needs to be encouraged by governments through good policies, regulations, and trade standards of global market. The reviewed information will provide a foundation to develop monographs and quality parameters for Indian traditional drugs and herbal pharmacopoeia.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":33528,"journal":{"name":"Medicine in Drug Discovery","volume":"27 ","pages":"Article 100211"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144271551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Novel indole-based synthetic molecules in cancer treatment: Synthetic strategies and structure-activity relationship 新型吲哚类合成分子在癌症治疗中的应用:合成策略和构效关系
Medicine in Drug Discovery Pub Date : 2025-05-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.medidd.2025.100208
Biplab Debnath , Bikram Nandi , Samiran Paul , Swarup Manna , Arindam Maity , Krishnalekha Bandyopadhyay , Shambo Panda , Shah Alam Khan , Rajarshi Nath , Md Jawaid Akhtar
{"title":"Novel indole-based synthetic molecules in cancer treatment: Synthetic strategies and structure-activity relationship","authors":"Biplab Debnath ,&nbsp;Bikram Nandi ,&nbsp;Samiran Paul ,&nbsp;Swarup Manna ,&nbsp;Arindam Maity ,&nbsp;Krishnalekha Bandyopadhyay ,&nbsp;Shambo Panda ,&nbsp;Shah Alam Khan ,&nbsp;Rajarshi Nath ,&nbsp;Md Jawaid Akhtar","doi":"10.1016/j.medidd.2025.100208","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.medidd.2025.100208","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Indole is one of the naturally occurring nitrogen-containing bicyclic heterocyclic ring systems where benzene and pyrrole rings are fused. It has been demonstrated to exhibit versatile biological activities. The indole scaffold regulates many proteins and genes which play a significant role in cancer development. US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved anti-cancer drugs having indole rings in their structure including alectinib, sunitinib, osimertinib, anlotinib, and panobinostat. Several research studies have focused on developing new indole derivatives for the treatment of cancer. Various studies have shown that indole C-3 atom; π-bond in between C-3 and C-2; and nitrogen atom can be substituted with varieties of other structural fragments to overcome the problem of drug resistance and toxicity. The anti-cancer potential of various indole derivatives, their synthetic strategies, and structure–activity relationships (SAR) for the further development and advancement of anticancer therapy. The article also summarizes how different proteins like TRK, VEGFR, EGFR, CDKs, ERK, BRD4, genes like Bcl2, intracellular pathways such as PI3K/AKT/mTOR, enzymes like tubulin and topoisomerase II are inhibited by indole derivatives. Synthetic strategies and SAR will help medicinal chemists to design and develop effective indole derivatives as anticancer agents.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":33528,"journal":{"name":"Medicine in Drug Discovery","volume":"27 ","pages":"Article 100208"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144168131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Understanding drug resistance in breast cancer: Mechanisms and emerging therapeutic strategies 了解乳腺癌的耐药性:机制和新兴的治疗策略
Medicine in Drug Discovery Pub Date : 2025-05-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.medidd.2025.100210
Shreastha Gautam , Rashmi Maurya , Akash Vikal , Preeti Patel , Shubham Thakur , Amandeep Singh , Ghanshyam Das Gupta , Balak Das Kurmi
{"title":"Understanding drug resistance in breast cancer: Mechanisms and emerging therapeutic strategies","authors":"Shreastha Gautam ,&nbsp;Rashmi Maurya ,&nbsp;Akash Vikal ,&nbsp;Preeti Patel ,&nbsp;Shubham Thakur ,&nbsp;Amandeep Singh ,&nbsp;Ghanshyam Das Gupta ,&nbsp;Balak Das Kurmi","doi":"10.1016/j.medidd.2025.100210","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.medidd.2025.100210","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Breast cancer is one of the primary reasons for cancer-related death all around the world, and drug resistance poses a big challenge in its effective treatment. This review gives a detailed explanation regarding the complex mechanisms causing drug resistance in breast cancer, that are of two types one being intrinsic, and the other being acquired resistance. An elaborate discussion regarding hormone receptor-mediated resistance, including progesterone receptor and estrogen receptor pathways, is provided, emphasizing alterations in signaling cascades and epigenetic modifications. Similarly, the role of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive breast cancer in developing resistance through mutations, receptor crosstalk, and downstream signaling disruptions is thoroughly examined. To combat multidrug resistance in breast cancer, several therapeutic strategies have been explored. This review discusses how nanotherapeutics show promise in managing drug efflux alongside enhancing drug targeting capabilities. The article discusses combination therapy strategies because they aim to combat resistance through multiple simultaneous target pathways. The application of phytochemicals represents a new approach for managing drug resistance through their natural bioactive compounds, which demonstrate anti-cancer capabilities. Understanding these molecular mechanisms and novel therapeutic interventions is essential for enhancing breast cancer outcomes and developing more effective strategies to combat resistance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":33528,"journal":{"name":"Medicine in Drug Discovery","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 100210"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144124717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Timing of benzodiazepine treatment and mortality in adult patients with generalized convulsive status epilepticus 全身性惊厥癫痫持续状态成人患者的苯二氮卓类药物治疗时机和死亡率
Medicine in Drug Discovery Pub Date : 2025-05-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.medidd.2025.100209
Au Auvichayapat , Verajit Chotmongkol , Kittisak Sawanyawisuth , Somsak Tiamkao
{"title":"Timing of benzodiazepine treatment and mortality in adult patients with generalized convulsive status epilepticus","authors":"Au Auvichayapat ,&nbsp;Verajit Chotmongkol ,&nbsp;Kittisak Sawanyawisuth ,&nbsp;Somsak Tiamkao","doi":"10.1016/j.medidd.2025.100209","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.medidd.2025.100209","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Status epilepticus is an emergency condition with a high mortality rate. However, there is currently limited data on the timing of antiepileptic drugs (AED) and mortality, particularly generalized convulsive status epilepticus. This study aims to evaluate if early AED treatment is associated with mortality in patients with generalized convulsive status epilepticus. This was a retrospective cohort study, which enrolled patients 18 years or over who had been diagnosed with generalized convulsive status epilepticus and had discharge status. Eligible patients were selected from the database of University Hospital. Predictors for mortality were analyzed by logistic regression analysis. A total of 77 patients met the study criteria; of those 27 patients (35.06 %) died. There were seven factors included in the stepwise multivariable logistic regression analysis. Among those, only five factors were retained in the predictive model for mortality: These included the time from seizure onset to benzodiazepine treatment, the time from the seizure onset to the first AED, number of AEDs, AED withdrawal, and Status Epilepticus Severity Score (STESS). Of those, only the time from seizure onset to benzodiazepine treatment and the STESS were independently associated with mortality with adjusted odds ratios of 1.03 (95 % confidence interval of 1.01, 1.06) and 1.54 (95 % confidence interval of 1.08, 2.22), respectively. Sensitivity of time from seizure onset to benzodiazepine treatment of five minutes or more had a sensitivity of 100 %. Early treatment with benzodiazepine, that is within five minutes after the occurrence of status epilepticus may lower mortality rate in adult patients with generalized convulsive status epilepticus.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":33528,"journal":{"name":"Medicine in Drug Discovery","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 100209"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144090222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Impact of bariatric surgery on vitamin D metabolism and micronutrient deficiencies in severe obesity 减肥手术对严重肥胖患者维生素D代谢和微量营养素缺乏的影响
Medicine in Drug Discovery Pub Date : 2025-04-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.medidd.2025.100207
Letícia de Oliveira Souza Bratti , Bruno Fonseca Nunes , Daphany Marah Gorges , Emerita Quintina de Andrade Moura , Ana Carolina Rabello de Moraes , Fabíola Branco Filippin-Monteiro
{"title":"Impact of bariatric surgery on vitamin D metabolism and micronutrient deficiencies in severe obesity","authors":"Letícia de Oliveira Souza Bratti ,&nbsp;Bruno Fonseca Nunes ,&nbsp;Daphany Marah Gorges ,&nbsp;Emerita Quintina de Andrade Moura ,&nbsp;Ana Carolina Rabello de Moraes ,&nbsp;Fabíola Branco Filippin-Monteiro","doi":"10.1016/j.medidd.2025.100207","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.medidd.2025.100207","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study aimed to investigate the impact of bariatric surgery on vitamin D metabolism and associated micronutrient deficiencies in individuals with obesity, emphasizing the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in patients with severe obesity—a persistent concern after significant weight loss.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A comprehensive analysis of serum levels of 25(OH)D, parathyroid hormone (PTH), and calcium was conducted in patients with obesity before and after bariatric surgery, with a six-month follow-up. Medication usage was examined, and outcomes between different surgical techniques were compared.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Notable metabolic improvements, linked to reduced BMI and diminished medication reliance post-surgery, were observed. Sleeve gastrectomy (SG) demonstrated potential advantages in preventing micronutrient deficiencies. Many patients had preoperative vitamin D deficiency and elevated PTH levels. Correlation analysis revealed that among those with preoperative PTH levels exceeding 70 pg/mL, higher PTH levels were associated with lower weight loss after six months. No significant correlation was found for vitamin D.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study underscores the importance of critically assessing bone health in bariatric surgery candidates, emphasizing the need for meticulous preoperative evaluation and postoperative monitoring, particularly in cases of secondary hyperparathyroidism. These considerations are pivotal for optimizing the long-term well-being of bariatric surgery patients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":33528,"journal":{"name":"Medicine in Drug Discovery","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 100207"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143799703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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