Practica Farmaceutica最新文献

{"title":"The impact of non-nutritive sweeteners on isolated and purified microbial cultures derived from probiotics","authors":"Alin-George Zamfir, Andreea Cristina Sandu, M. Ilie, Anca Ioana Scarlatescu (Amzar), A. Arsene, D. Udeanu","doi":"10.37897/rjphp.2022.3.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37897/rjphp.2022.3.4","url":null,"abstract":"Non-nutritive sweeteners (NNS) are a well-known substitute for table sugar with great implications in the management of various pathologies, mainly in Diabetes or Obesity. Previous studies have successfully shown that these substances are safe for human consumption, but one concern that remains is that of the impact on gut microbiota, mainly due to the complexity and diversity of the microbiome in humans. Keeping in mind that the gut microbiota contains numerous of Lactobacillus and Saccharomyces species, we simulated the microbiome by obtaining isolated microbial cultures of Saccharomyces boulardii and Lactobacillus reuteri, which we obtained two over the counter (OTC) probiotic supplements. We evaluated the bacteriostatic effect of three sweeteners (Sucralose, Saccharin, Stevia), using the successive dilution method and disc-diffusometry on solid medium. What we sought to determine was a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of each non-nutritive sweetener.","PeriodicalId":33513,"journal":{"name":"Practica Farmaceutica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42149853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The search for novel biomarkers in sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy – A new challenge to overcome","authors":"C. Prepeliuc, Ionela-Larisa Miftode, Maria-Antoanela Pasare, R. Miftode, Lidia-Oana Stamateanu, I. Costache, A. Costache, E. Miftode","doi":"10.37897/rjphp.2022.3.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37897/rjphp.2022.3.3","url":null,"abstract":"Sepsis is a life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by a dysregulated host response to infection and it remains the most frequent cause of death amongst critically ill patients worldwide, despite recent medical advancements. The cardiac involvement in sepsis, better known as sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy, represents a form of cardiac dysfunction identified in septic patients, characterized by ventricular dilation, myocardial involvement, decreased ejection fraction and reversibility. Although the implications of cardiac involvement in sepsis can be extremely severe, this affliction has not been intensely debated in literature. Therefore, in order to better understand this affliction, we need to identify new markers. Two biomarkers, endothelin-1 (ET-1) and the soluble form of suppression of tumorigenicity 2 protein (sST2) have previously been linked to both sepsis and acute/chronic heart failure. Endothelin-1 is part of a family of amino acid peptides, that is mainly produced by endothelial cells and exerts a vasoconstrictive effect, but also causes fibrosis of the vascular cells, stimulates production of reactive oxygen species and induces proinflammatory mechanisms. During sepsis, it induces coronary vasoconstriction, decreased cardiac output, increased vascular resistance and permeability and increased fluid flux into the extravascular space on cardiac level, as well as affecting the contractility of myocardial myocytes. High values of serum ET-1 have also been identified in septic shock and in endotoxin-induced febrile responses in rats. The Suppression of tumorigenicity 2 protein (ST2) is a member of the interleukin-1 receptor family and is involved in T helper 2 cells-associated immune response. Recent studies identified a close link between ST2 and both inflammatory and heart diseases. Furthermore, it was recently approved by the Food and Drug Administration as a prognostic biomarker in heart failure and is recommended for the evaluation of additional cardiovascular risk.","PeriodicalId":33513,"journal":{"name":"Practica Farmaceutica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41695457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Potential therapies against SARS-CoV-2 virus evaluated in large-scale clinical trials","authors":"A. Focșa, M. Bîrsan, M. Dragan, D. Popovici, C. Stan","doi":"10.37897/rjphp.2022.3.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37897/rjphp.2022.3.2","url":null,"abstract":"COVID-19 is a viral disease caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 infection in humans manifests as mild symptoms to severe respiratory failure. The development of vaccines against coronaviruses faces several inherent challenges in its establishment as safe and effective, but also in production and distribution. Therefore, supportive treatments are more achievable in a short period of time in controlling the pandemic. Treatment is mainly based on controlling symptoms and inhibiting viral replication. Antivirals are more effective the earlier they are administered during the course of the disease, preferably starting from the first days of evolution; the benefit/risk ratio is the higher the patient has a higher risk of severe evolution. That is why antivirals are primarily administered to patients with nonsevere forms of the disease who have risk factors for severe evolution. Immunomodulatory drugs enhance the immune response against pathogens and may offer a therapeutic approach to treatment of viral diseases, having a significant prophylactic activity in the acute respiratory viral infection. There is a strong scientific rationale which suggest that viral diseases respond to immunomodulatory drugs. People protected with antivirals, immunomodulatory drugs or vaccines often have the disease in a milder or asymptomatic form. In Romania, the latest treatment protocol for COVID-19 includes immunomodulatory, antiviral and anti-inflammatory medication.","PeriodicalId":33513,"journal":{"name":"Practica Farmaceutica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45332213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrated care for HIV/AIDS infected patients. The Romanian experience","authors":"M. Apetroaei, M. Ilie, A. Arsene","doi":"10.37897/rjphp.2022.3.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37897/rjphp.2022.3.1","url":null,"abstract":"The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) targets the body’s immune system and, if left untreated, may result in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. (AIDS). HIV’s pathogenesis entails the gradual destruction of CD4+ T cells, which lowers the immune system and leaves the body more susceptible to co-infections and other diseases. HIV has been highlighted as a global public health concern, and since the first instances were recorded in the early 1980s, it has caused extensive morbidity and mortality. The HIV epidemic is still impacting millions of individuals throughout the entire globe, even though available antiretroviral therapy (ART) has transformed HIV infection from an almost universally fatal disease into a controllable chronic medical condition. The magnitude of the HIV epidemic varies between areas and countries. In 2021, the Joint United Nations Program on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS) projected that 38.4 million individuals worldwide were living with HIV. The HIV integrated care approach highlights the significance of early diagnosis, care coordination, and medication adherence. This strategy incorporates a multidisciplinary team of medical specialists, including physicians, pharmacists, social workers, nurses, and mental health professionals. In addition to medication management, mental health counseling, drug addiction treatment, and peer support, HIV-integrated care includes additional therapies such as behavioral health counseling. HIV integrative care is a holistic approach to HIV infection management that addresses patients’ medical, interpersonal, and emotional requirements. It has been demonstrated that this form of treatment improves health outcomes, reduces stigma, and increases community involvement in combating HIV infections.","PeriodicalId":33513,"journal":{"name":"Practica Farmaceutica","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41534561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nonirritating concentrations for skin testing in immediate antibiotic allergy","authors":"Florin-Dan Popescu, Mariana Caraghiulea, C. Ganea, M. Preda, A. Stănescu","doi":"10.37897/rjphp.2022.2.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37897/rjphp.2022.2.2","url":null,"abstract":"Accurate identification of a culprit drug involved in an immediate hypersensitivity adverse reaction has critical consequences on antibiotic stewardship and patient quality of life, therefore simple reliable diagnostic skin tests are of great importance. Succinct information on the use of positive and negative controls and nonirritating concentrations of antibiotics, according to recent international guidelines, used for skin prick tests and intradermal tests for the allergy workup is required to avoid false negative or false positive results. The method used, the appropriate drug concentrations, and the criteria for positive skin testing influence the specificity and sensitivity of allergy skin tests.","PeriodicalId":33513,"journal":{"name":"Practica Farmaceutica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46502713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pre-COVID19 pandemia vaccines could have a nonspecific effect in preventing SARS-CoV-2 infection in the pediatric population","authors":"Vlad Dima, G. Iancu, R. Bohîlțea, Raluca Mariana Stanescu, A. Toma, V. Varlas, A. Davitoiu","doi":"10.37897/rjphp.2022.2.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37897/rjphp.2022.2.1","url":null,"abstract":"The COVID-19 pandemic raised an unexpected challenge for the medicine and pharmaceutical industry. The primary goal in a short timeframe was to fight the spreading of SARS-CoV-2 by any means, starting from social distancing, wearing face masks, and, in the end, finding a vaccine as effective as possible in preventing the virus spread. Studies were published from the first months of the pandemic, trying to show the way that this virus attacks the host and how it is transmitted in communities. Some data were contradictory, but one fact became obvious – children have a lower risk of infection with SARS-CoV-2. Data collected from many studies showed that some vaccines that were already in use before the COVID-19 pandemics are efficient in preventing SARS-CoV-2 infection. In this paper, we tried to summarize the nonspecific effects of preexisting vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 infection.","PeriodicalId":33513,"journal":{"name":"Practica Farmaceutica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45054662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of asthma in the school environment and the use of telemedicine","authors":"A. Stănescu, I. Grăjdeanu","doi":"10.37897/rjphp.2022.2.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37897/rjphp.2022.2.3","url":null,"abstract":"Asthma is a common chronic disease in children, especially children from certain ethnic minority groups and those living in poverty. Asthma is also a burden on the health care system, requiring numerous doctor visits, hospitalizations, and urgent interventions, all of which are added to the costs of the treatments. In addition to the burden of symptoms and the high impact due to continuous exacerbations, children with asthma also experience schooling problems. The current therapeutic trend for children with persistent asthma symptoms is to recommend daily preventive anti-inflammatory drugs. In this review, we want to illustrate the impact of asthma in the school environment and the possibility of using interventions for a better quality of life in children with asthma.","PeriodicalId":33513,"journal":{"name":"Practica Farmaceutica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45838685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Probiotics effect in prevention and treatment of atopic dermatitis and eczema in children","authors":"Vlad Dima, G. Iancu, R. Bohîlţea, A. Toma, Andreea Avramescu-Calomfirescu, V. Varlas, A. Davitoiu","doi":"10.37897/rjphp.2022.2.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37897/rjphp.2022.2.4","url":null,"abstract":"The composition of the intestinal microbiota plays an important role in the occurrence of allergies. Based on the immunomodulating capabilities of bacteria, various studies have investigated the potential role of probiotics in the prevention of eczema and atopic dermatitis in children. Atopic dermatitis (AD) is one of the first manifestations in the evolution of allergies, with a continuously increasing incidence worldwide. In the literature, various risk factors are described to play a role in the occurrence of DA, but the actual cause of the disease is still unknown. The intestinal flora seems to be involved in the development of AD, as patients with AD show quantitative, qualitative and functional changes. An imbalance of the human gut microbiota in the first years of life is a possible risk factor for immune-mediated disorders such as allergies. With the aim of modulating the gut microbiota, probiotic supplementation in the first months of life has been used to prevent allergic diseases in infants, with variable success. However, not much is known about the long-term consequences of the use of probiotics in the newborn on the composition of the gut microbiota. The aim of this paper is to highlight the positive links between the use of probiotics and the prevention or cure of eczema and atopic dermatitis.","PeriodicalId":33513,"journal":{"name":"Practica Farmaceutica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46102797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"”Off-Label” use of antibiotics in critical patients","authors":"C. Ghiciuc, Ioan Iustin Loghin, Aurelia Crețu, A. Vicovan, L. Ochiuz, I. Cernescu","doi":"10.37897/rjphp.2022.1.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37897/rjphp.2022.1.2","url":null,"abstract":"In intensive care units, the most prescribed drugs are antibiotics, as result of the high incidence of infections among patients admitted to these units. In medical practice, antibiotic resistance is a phenomenon with dramatic consequences, which has led to the development of new strategies to solve this public health problem, including the use of ”off-label” drugs. Classification as an off-label prescription of a drug mainly refers to: unapproved therapeutic indication, formulation, dose (including dose interval), age or unapproved route of administration. The aim of this paper is to present the categories of appropriate ”off-label” use of drugs with a detailed description of the principles of use in this regime of antibiotics as mono- or combo-therapy.","PeriodicalId":33513,"journal":{"name":"Practica Farmaceutica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44804776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of medicines shortages on pharmaceutical practice","authors":"A. Focșa, M. Bîrsan, M. Dragan, Ruxandra Teodora Stan, C. Mircea, C. Stan","doi":"10.37897/rjphp.2022.1.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37897/rjphp.2022.1.4","url":null,"abstract":"Access to medicines is a fundamental human right and is a vital element of health care. Over the last 10 years, there has been a tendency for the global discontinuation of drug supply to become a major problem, with an increasing exacerbation of this phenomenon in the European Union, with a potential negative impact on patient health care due to multiple causes (manufacturing problems, drug pricing policy, parallel export etc.). National Agency for Medicines and Medical Devices of Romania (NAMMDR) argues, in full agreement with European Medicines Agency, that in this situation effective collaboration between the various stakeholders and regulators is required, and also a good communication between manufacturers, distributors and authorities. It is a point of view that NAMMDR supported in the working meetings with the representatives of the marketing authorization holders/ manufacturers, wholesale distribution, patient associations. According to pharmacists, situations have been reported in which patients tend to stock up on medicines, and this puts additional pressure on existing stocks. In this work, we intended to draw attention to the medicine shortages issue which has a huge impact on national health systems, on patients′ safety, on public health and healthcare professionals.","PeriodicalId":33513,"journal":{"name":"Practica Farmaceutica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43606502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}