Scripta Medica最新文献

{"title":"Risky behaviour among adolescents","authors":"Alen Greš, D. Staver, B. Šakić, L. Radovančević","doi":"10.5937/scriptamed54-43365","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/scriptamed54-43365","url":null,"abstract":"Background/Aim: Nowadays, adolescents are exposed to some negative challenges. Bullying is one of the horrible phenomena that can be seen in the physical and mental harassment of children and teenagers. Another challenge is addiction to computer games as well as writing on social networks. Gambling addiction, habituation and exposure to psychostimulants are also a trap for causing severe pathology. The aim of this study was to present an insight into the possible challenges of today to which adolescents are exposed and how they affect their personality and maturation. Methods: The authors collected data and materials on the mentioned topics from their daily medical work. They also used articles in professional magazines and newspapers and television shows. Results: Society must make efforts to eradicate such events in schools. We are witnessing various challenges and pitfalls that affect youth, society, culture and civilisation. Among the bad things, drug addiction, alcoholism, smoking, addiction to the Internet and computer games are in the first place. Conclusion: Due to negative challenges, the youth neglect their schoolwork and duties. The school environment can be a place for violent behaviour, brachial attacks (bullying and harassment). Recognising social interactions, family relationships and understanding the underlying psychiatric conditions which may be associated with risky behaviour in adolescents could be essential for treatment planning.","PeriodicalId":33497,"journal":{"name":"Scripta Medica","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89391748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Google Bard: Utility in drug interactions","authors":"Jerry Jacob","doi":"10.5937/scriptamed54-45110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/scriptamed54-45110","url":null,"abstract":"Emergency medicine is a busy department with a huge flow of patients with multiple complaints. The department caters to a large cohort of patients simultaneously as well as administers many drugs. This can lead to potential drug interactions. With the advent of artificial intelligence (AI) and language learning model (LLM) we can use these AI enabled programs to help us be cautious yet judicious in our drug delivery and also be a careful vigilante to prevent drug interactions in these patients.","PeriodicalId":33497,"journal":{"name":"Scripta Medica","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135839509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anaesthetic management of separation of omphalopagus conjoined twins: A case report","authors":"Ankita Sharma, Harish Kumar, Ashutosh Kaushal","doi":"10.5937/scriptamed54-44379","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/scriptamed54-44379","url":null,"abstract":"Conjoined twins are a rare congenital anomaly. The extent of organ sharing and cross circulation between twins determine the possibility and prognosis of a separation procedure. In this case anaesthetic management for successful separation of omphalopagus conjoined twins at day three of life is presented. Authors emphasise the importance of an integrated approach, thorough preoperative evaluation and planning, vigilant intraoperative monitoring and anticipation and management of complications like hypothermia, hypotension, hypokalaemia, hypocalcaemia and postoperative concerns and care.","PeriodicalId":33497,"journal":{"name":"Scripta Medica","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135839750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The prevalence of VKORC1 alleles in the population of the Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina","authors":"V. Vidović, Jelena Bećarević, Žana Radić-Savić, Aljoša Marić, Stojko Vidović, Irina Milovač, N. Maksimović","doi":"10.5937/scriptamed54-43841","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/scriptamed54-43841","url":null,"abstract":"Background/Aim: Warfarin is one of the most common orally prescribed anticoagulant in patients with deep venous thrombosis, myocardial or cerebral infarctions. The main side effects of non-adequate dose of these drugs are prolonged peripheral or internal bleeding. VKORC1 1173C>T polymorphism (rs9934438) is of particular importance, since carriers of non-wild type allele correlates with the lower dosage of warfarin therapy. Thus, the aim of the research was to determine the distribution of 1173C>T polymorphism in population of the Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina (RS) and to compare results with frequencies in other populations. Methods: A total of 124 healthy participants of both genders were enrolled in the study, from all parts of the RS. Molecular genotyping was performed by real-time PCR, using drug metabolism assays according to the manufacturer's instructions. Results: Of the total number, 22 subjects (17.74 %) were genotyped as CC, 69 subjects (55.65 %) as CT and 33 subjects (26.61 %) as TT. The frequencies of alleles C and T were 45.18 % and 54.82 %, respectively. No statistical significance was found among allele distribution between genders (ch² = 0.236; p = 0.627). All observed genotype frequencies were in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. No statistical significance was observed among the frequency of minor T allele between presented findings and other European countries, besides Russia (p = 0.021). Conclusion: This was the first study analysing the distribution of rs9934438 alleles in population of the RS. These findings will be helpful in better and more precise drug prescribing in patients who require anticoagulant therapy.","PeriodicalId":33497,"journal":{"name":"Scripta Medica","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85806518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Objective structured practical examination as a tool of assessing practical skills in clinical physiology: Perceptions of medical students and faculty","authors":"Anshul Sharma, H. Tahilramani, Minakshi Misra, S. Somani, A. Tak","doi":"10.5937/scriptamed53-35975","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/scriptamed53-35975","url":null,"abstract":"Background / Aim: Competence can be acquired in medical education if the assessment of students is multidimensional. Traditional practical assessments focus on testing the cognitive domain and compromise practical skills evaluation. The Objective Structured Practical Examination (OSPE) assesses skill-based competencies. The present study evaluates the feasibility and acceptability of OSPE through the perception of students and mentors. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 100 medical students and 15 medical faculties enrolled from Pandit Deendayal Upadhyaya medical college, Churu (Rajasthan, India). The study included OSPE stations, conducted three OSPE sessions and obtained post-session feedback through a questionnaire, answered on 5 points Likert scale. The researchers calculated the response on various aspects of OSPE with percentages. Results: Students showed 94.4 % agreement for OSPE as a good learning experience and 93.5 % were satisfied with the content of OSPE. Students' perception of OSPE as a reliable and fair tool for examination and administration was 94.66 % and 56.40 %, respectively. Although, 69.5 % of students agreed upon OSPE as a valuable tool compared with the traditional reviews. The overall agreement of faculty for the competence of OSPE was 75.74 %. Conclusion: The acceptance of OSPE by medical students and faculty may lead to the introduction of this tool in assessing practical skills in medical teaching and helping students better acquire knowledge and skills and assisting faculty in teaching modifications, as per the needs of students. So, OSPE supplements the traditional methods in clinical physiology practical assessments.","PeriodicalId":33497,"journal":{"name":"Scripta Medica","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84549862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"3D-QSAR-based pharmacophore determination and design of novel DPP-4 inhibitors","authors":"S. Rogic, Ž. Gagić","doi":"10.5937/scriptamed53-40866","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/scriptamed53-40866","url":null,"abstract":"Background/Aim: Therapy of diabetes mellitus type 2 includes drugs that act as inhibitors of dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4) enzyme. Several DPP-4 inhibitors are marketed today and although they have favourable safety profile and tolerability, they show moderate activity in controlling glycaemia. The 3D quantitative structure-activity relationship (3D-QSAR) methodology was employed in order to find pharmacophore responsible for good DPP-4 inhibitory activity and designed new compounds with enhanced activity. Methods: For 3D-QSAR model development, 48 compounds structurally related to sitagliptin were collected from ChEMBL database. Structures of all compounds were optimised in order to find the best 3D conformations prior to QSAR modelling. To establish correlation between structure and biological activity Partial Least Squares (PLS) regression method integrated in Pentacle software was used. Results: Parameters of internal and external validation (R2 = 0.80, Q2 = 0.64 and R2 pred = 0.610) confirmed reliability of developed QSAR model. Analysis of obtained structural descriptors enabled identification of key structural characteristics that influenced DPP-4 inhibitory activity. Based on that information, new compounds were designed, of which 35 compounds had a better predicted activity, compared to sitagliptin. Conclusion: This QSAR model can be used for DPP-4 inhibitory activity prediction of structurally related compounds and resulting pharmacophore contains information useful for optimisation and design of new DPP-4 inhibitors. Finally, authors propose designed compounds for further synthesis, in vitro and in vivo testing, as new potential DPP-4 inhibitors.","PeriodicalId":33497,"journal":{"name":"Scripta Medica","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80951161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The beneficial effect of yoghurt containing Lactobacillus rhamnosus on caries prevention in children with diabetes mellitus type 1","authors":"Jovana Lovrić, Dijana Vukajlović, Branka Ćulibrk, Pava Dimitrijević, Milena Rađan-Gajić, Tijana Adamović, O. Janković, Gordana Bukara-Radujković, Goran Arlov, O. Dolić","doi":"10.5937/scriptamed53-37538","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/scriptamed53-37538","url":null,"abstract":"Background / Aim: Children with type 1 diabetes mellitus are thought to have an increased risk of caries. This study aimed to examine the short-term effect (sixty days long) of commercially available yoghurt consumption containing the Lactobacillus rhamnosus probiotic culture (LGG yoghurt) on the oral Streptococcus mutans count and saliva buffer capacity in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Methods: Children were divided into two groups: the experimental group and the placebo group. Both groups consisted of 50 (N = 50) children with juvenile diabetes, aged 10-15 years, with controlled glucose levels and irregular oral hygiene. At the first examination, every child was evaluated for the caries risk. A sample of unstimulated saliva before yoghurt consumption and after washout of the teeth was inspected for S mutans count. The samples were tested for Saliva buffer capacity (Saliva-Check Buffer Testing Mat GC America). The same procedure was repeated after 14 days, 30 days and 60 days after the treatment with probiotic yoghurt. Results: The results showed decreased number of S mutans colonies at the 60day control examination in the probiotic group. The study also proved a significant increase in saliva buffer capacity in both groups after 60 days. Conclusion: It could be concluded that daily consumption of LGG yoghurt can improve caries prevention in children with diabetes mellitus type I.","PeriodicalId":33497,"journal":{"name":"Scripta Medica","volume":"107 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80776035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The use of adipose-derived stem cells in cell assisted lipotransfer as potential regenerative therapy in breast reconstruction","authors":"Jenisa Sandiarini-Kamayana","doi":"10.5937/scriptamed53-36491","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/scriptamed53-36491","url":null,"abstract":"Breast reconstruction for breast cancer patients is performed as a standard of care to improve patients' quality of life, physical and psychosocial well-being. Stem cell therapy holds a promise in regenerative medicine, including in breast reconstruction. This review explores the potential use of adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) in cell assisted lipotransfer (CAL) for reconstruction of the breast. The review of literature was done using electronic databases using appropriate keywords, including \"adipose-derived stem cell\", \"stem cell therapy\", \"adipose-derived stem cell\", \"cell-assisted lipotransfer\", \"regenerative therapy\", \"breast cancer\" and \"breast reconstruction\", with literatures limited to ten years post publication. Adipose-derived stem cells are multipotent cells with angiogenic and immunomodulatory potential. Several studies reveal ADSCs use in CAL results in long-term breast volume retention suggesting improved fat graft survival. Some conflicting outcomes are also discussed, potentially related to numbers of cells enriched and factors affecting the cells' microenvironment. The use of ADSCs in CAL may be beneficial for therapy of breast reconstruction in breast cancer patients after surgical management. Further investigation would be needed to improve the confidence of its clinical use.","PeriodicalId":33497,"journal":{"name":"Scripta Medica","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91305402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correlation of hysterosalpingography and laparoscopy in the detection of tubal infertility factor","authors":"Miroslav Popović, Cvijetin Lazikić, Zvjezdana Ritan-Mičić, Milica Pajić","doi":"10.5937/scriptamed53-37193","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/scriptamed53-37193","url":null,"abstract":"Background/Aim: Around 15-20 % of couples worldwide struggle with infertility, a difficult and aggravating gynaecological issue. Conception occurs in both partners, male and female, as they are both responsible for conception. This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of hysterosalpingography (HSG) in the detection of tubal infertility factors, by comparing the findings of HSG with the findings of laparoscopy (LPSC). Methods: A retrospective study from 1st January 2018, to 31st December 2019, is presented. Infertile patients who underwent LPSC, HSG and ultrasound to evaluate sterility during this timeframe were included in the research. Results: The study involved 63 infertile patients with a mean lifespan of 33.3 ± 4.7 years. The conclusions of LPSC and HSG, in general, were in good correlation and the percentage of agreement among the diagnostic procedures was 77.8 %. In the case of dichotomous categories, there is a good alignment between LPSC and HSG results with a percentage of 85.7 %. Hydrosalpinx: The findings of LPSC and HSG are quite similar. The percentage of agreement among the diagnostic techniques used was 79.2 %. Canal obturation: LPSC and HSG results are in good correlation with a percentage of 78.6 %. Terminal obturation: LPSC and HSG results are also in good agreement with the calculated percentage of 82.1 %. Conclusion: In determining tubal sterility factors, there is considerable consistency between LPSC and HSG results (c = 0.68; 95 % CI 0.54-0.83). There is a good correlation between LPSC and HSG findings of dichotomous categories (ch2 = 0.63; 95 % CI: 0.41-0.86). 86.2 % of subjects with peritubular appendages and 8.8 % of subjects without peritubular appendages had hydrosalpinx, which is a statistically significant difference (ch2 = 37.957; p < 0.001). Between LPSC and HSG data, there is a good agreement in the diagnosis of hydrosalpinx (c = 0.64; 95 % CI: 0.38-0.91).","PeriodicalId":33497,"journal":{"name":"Scripta Medica","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84621632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical and pathologic analysis of kidney damage in patients with nephrotic syndrome in the Republic of Srpska","authors":"Jasmina Mrgud, B. Gašić, V. Vlatković, Goran Topic","doi":"10.5937/scriptamed53-36028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/scriptamed53-36028","url":null,"abstract":"Background / Aim: Nephrotic syndrome (NS) is a clinical syndrome characterised by massive proteinuria > 3.5 g in 24 h urine, hypoalbuminaemia, hyperlipidaemia and oedema. Aim of this study was to determine the aetiology and frequency of kidney diseases that occur as the cause of NS in adults in the Republic of Srpska and the progression of renal insufficiency, disease outcomes and efficacy of applied therapy. Methods: The retrospective study included patients aged 18 to 80 hospitalised between 2014 and 2018 due to clinically and laboratory-manifested NS. In patients with suspected primary glomerular disease, a kidney biopsy with immunofluorescent dyeing was performed. The first examination involved hospital admission and the next check-up six months after the first hospitalisation. Basic clinical parameters were followed: creatinine, clearance creatinine, albumin, total protein, cholesterol, total protein in 24 h urine and microscopy of urine during the first hospitalisation and repeated same laboratory findings on control. The progression of kidney failure during this period was assessed, as well as the efficacy of immunosuppressive therapy. Results: In primary NS category membranous glomerulonephritis (MGN) was present at 40.7 % of patients, followed by focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) 21.7 %, membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (MPGN) 11.9 % and IgA glomerulonephritis (IgAN) 11.9 %. Nephroangiosclerosis was verified as the most common cause of secondary NS with 28.8 % and lupus nephritis 21.2 %, followed by ANCA-associated GN (11.5 %) and diabetic nephropathy (11.5 %). Thirty-four patients (21 %) died during the follow-up. Thirty-four patients (18.6 %) progressed to end stage renal disease during the five-year follow-up. Conclusion: The pathology of kidney disease in older patients is often very complex; therefore, a kidney biopsy should be conducted at an early stage of kidney disease for the purpose of obtaining an accurate diagnosis, determining appropriate treatment and thus improving the prognosis of the patient.","PeriodicalId":33497,"journal":{"name":"Scripta Medica","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89710523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}