W. Farooq, A. Fatehmulla, K. Ocakoğlu, F. Yanuphanoglu
{"title":"The charge transport and photoconduction mechanisms of TiO2-based dye sensitized solar cell","authors":"W. Farooq, A. Fatehmulla, K. Ocakoğlu, F. Yanuphanoglu","doi":"10.1109/HONET.2012.6421439","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/HONET.2012.6421439","url":null,"abstract":"The charge transport and photoconduction mechanisms of the TiO2-based DSSC were analyzed under dark and illumination conditions. The effects of high and low electric fields on charge transport mechanism of the solar cell were investigated by current-voltage characteristics. It was found that the charge transport mechanism of the solar cell was controlled by the thermionic emission (TEC) at lower voltage and followed by space charge limited current (SCLC) at the higher voltages. The photovoltaic parameters of the solar cell were determined. It is evaluated that the charge transport mechanism is controlled by TEC and SCLC mechanisms, while photoconduction is controlled by supralinear recombination mechanism.","PeriodicalId":334187,"journal":{"name":"High Capacity Optical Networks and Emerging/Enabling Technologies","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133121143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Covert channel detection: A survey based analysis","authors":"S. Z. Gober, Barkha Javed, N. Saqib","doi":"10.1109/HONET.2012.6421435","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/HONET.2012.6421435","url":null,"abstract":"Secret communication via network has always been an area of interest for many. It has not only attracted the trusted parties to communicate with each other secretly but has also attracted the hackers/attackers to find ways to discover and leak the information and use the network in a manner that violate security policies. Steganography and covert channels are most widely used approaches for secret communication. Number of detecting techniques has been proposed for steganography and covert channel detection. This paper covers detecting techniques of covert channel only as the covert channel is a modern way of leaking information and it is difficult to detect such channels. Covert channel falls into two categories: storage covert channel and timing covert channel. Storage covert channel is created by manipulating the header fields of packets whereas timing covert channel is created by timing of event i.e. arrival pattern of packets. In this paper different techniques for detecting storage and timing covert has been surveyed and analysis of these techniques is done.","PeriodicalId":334187,"journal":{"name":"High Capacity Optical Networks and Emerging/Enabling Technologies","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134293678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Inverse QR decomposition (IQRD) blind equalizer for QAM coherent optical systems","authors":"A. Ragheb, M. Shoaib, S. Alshebeili, H. Fathallah","doi":"10.1109/HONET.2012.6421468","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/HONET.2012.6421468","url":null,"abstract":"Advanced digital signal processing techniques have a vital role in the development of emerging and next generation ultrahigh speed optical networks. These techniques highly contribute to the improvement of system spectral efficiency. Blind equalizers have recently been used to compensate for linear fiber impairments. In this paper we apply the inverse QR decomposition (IQRD), algorithm for blind equalization in 14Gbaud-16QAM coherent receiver. IQRD is widely used in wireless communications and known for its inherent stability in finite precision environment. We compare its performance with the standard Constant Modulus Algorithm (CMA) and Recursive Least Squares (RLS) algorithm in terms of convergence rate (CR) and bit error rate (BER). Our simulation results show that IQRD algorithm achieves similar CR and BER performance as those of standard RLS algorithm. However, in finite precision environment, which is more appropriate for practical implementation, and results in lower system power consumption (human friendly or Green solution), IQRD completely outperforms the RLS technique. A substantial reduction in BER of two orders of magnitude at 14 bit resolution is achieved for the optical system under consideration.","PeriodicalId":334187,"journal":{"name":"High Capacity Optical Networks and Emerging/Enabling Technologies","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122043176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Energy versus delay trade-offs in metro-access convergence","authors":"B. Kantarci, H. Mouftah","doi":"10.1109/HONET.2012.6421449","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/HONET.2012.6421449","url":null,"abstract":"Access networks form a large portion of today's telecom networks. In parallel to their scale, they have high energy consumption. To reduce the energy consumption of access networks, energy saving architectures and protocols have been proposed. Recently, new technologies have emerged for optical access networks such as Long-Reach Passive Optical Networks (LR-PONs) and Fiber-Wireless (FiWi) networks where their convergence offers extended reach and coverage. In this paper, we evaluate packet delay performance and energy-savings in metro-access convergence where Long-Reach EPON (LR-EPON) and Long Term Evolution-Advanced (LTEA) technologies are employed. Through simulations, we show that energy-efficient protocol solutions for the conventional fiber-wireless access networks can still guarantee significant energy savings for a metro-access convergent infrastructure. However, in the extended reach, a trade-off between energy efficiency and delay is observed.","PeriodicalId":334187,"journal":{"name":"High Capacity Optical Networks and Emerging/Enabling Technologies","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120947614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Resource Aware Routing and Intelligent Wavelength Assignment for Cooperative Clustered OBS networks","authors":"Ihsan Ul Haq, H. Salgado, J. Castro","doi":"10.1109/HONET.2012.6421465","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/HONET.2012.6421465","url":null,"abstract":"Burst loss is a critical issue in Optical Burst Switching (OBS) networks which restrains its deployment. This article presents a novel routing and wavelength assignment strategy for the Cooperative Clustered OBS (C20BS) network architecture, to proactively avoid contention. In C20BS, the network topology is divided into several manageable overlapping zones/clusters, with a Zone Head (ZH) node keeping an information base of zone resources. The ZH pre-computes a list of alternate k-shortest disjoint paths for every ingress-egress node pair within the zone. The ZH utilizes both the inferred knowledge about wavelength usage at the zone intermediate nodes and a novel poles apart heuristic for assigning wavelengths to incoming bursts. A route is selected among the pre-computed paths where the selected wavelength is available. As a result, traffic is balanced among the set of pre-computed routes, thus proactively reducing probability of contention. This strategy is called Resource Aware Routing (RAR) and Intelligent Wavelength Assignment (IWA).","PeriodicalId":334187,"journal":{"name":"High Capacity Optical Networks and Emerging/Enabling Technologies","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131090586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"GMPLS-based multi-region control plane for integrated hybrid optical networks","authors":"R. Veisllari, N. Stol, S. Bjornstad","doi":"10.1109/HONET.2012.6421475","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/HONET.2012.6421475","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper we present a GMPLS-based control plane framework for the integrated hybrid optical networks (IHON). IHON supports both packet switching (PS) and circuit switching (CS) forwarding paradigms in the same node. It is integrated because the low-priority PS traffic is inserted in the same channels as the high-priority CS traffic to increase the overall wavelengths utilization. We make use of new standardized functionalities within GMPLS for mUlti-region networks (MRN) that extend the description of the network resources with both packet and circuit switching capabilities. The framework applies GMPLS to the IHON network in order to control the label switched paths (LSP) for the circuit and packet forwarding paradigms. The control plane is integrated so that a single GMPLS instance is used to control both PS and CS virtual network topologies. The logical inter-operation is given through a detailed illustration. Our approach is to adapt the IHON controlplane logic to be fully described by the standardized GMPLS framework. The framework is compatible with the standardized GMPLS protocol suite, is independent of specific labeling schemes for physical differentiation of CS and PS forwarding, and requires no extra control messages.","PeriodicalId":334187,"journal":{"name":"High Capacity Optical Networks and Emerging/Enabling Technologies","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122899935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"New class of garnet nanocomposites for use in magnetic photonic crystals prepared by RF magnetron co-sputtering","authors":"M. Nur-E-Alam, M. Vasiliev, K. Alameh","doi":"10.1109/HONET.2012.6421460","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/HONET.2012.6421460","url":null,"abstract":"A new class of magneto-optic garnet nanocomposite materials is prepared using two Bi-substituted iron garnet materials of composition types (Bi,Dy)3(Fe,Ga)5O12 and Bi3Fe5O12. A composition adjustment approach is applied by varying the radio frequency (RF) powers driving each sputtering target during the deposition process. This new class of nanocomposite materials exhibits simultaneously high specific Faraday rotation, MO figure of merit, and effective uniaxial magnetic anisotropy after being crystallized through optimized annealing processes. We demonstrate experimentally that the excellent combination of materials' properties obtained in this garnet nanocomposite is particularly advantageous for developing magneto-photonic crystals as well as optical sensors and isolators.","PeriodicalId":334187,"journal":{"name":"High Capacity Optical Networks and Emerging/Enabling Technologies","volume":"74 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128746934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. S. AISalhl, A. Aldwayyan, A. H. M. Jasas, M. Atif, W. Farooq
{"title":"Spectroscopic analysis of dye-silica core-shell nanoparticles (DSCSNPs)","authors":"M. S. AISalhl, A. Aldwayyan, A. H. M. Jasas, M. Atif, W. Farooq","doi":"10.1109/HONET.2012.6421459","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/HONET.2012.6421459","url":null,"abstract":"Absorption and Fluorescence spectra of DSCSNPs are investigated at different concentrations, it was found that the shapes of the absorption and fluorescence spectra remained the same irrespective of an increase in the concentration, the absorption and fluorescence wavelengths peaks are located around 365nm and 440nm respectively. The intensities of DSCSNPs were observed to be greater than that of free C445 dye. Aging effects on fluorescence spectra of free C445 dye, dye-silane and DSCSNPs are studied after upon one month of preparation the samples. The results showed that the aging degradation slope of free C445 dye is more than seven times greater than that of DSCSNPs and the aging degradation slope of dye-silane is more than three times greater than that of DSCSNPs, so DSCSNPs seems to be more stable than free C445 dye and dye-silane. DSCSNPs showed severe photobleaching, presumably due to the penetration of amount of aerial oxygen molecules through the porous silica shell that caused photodegradation of majority of dye molecules, however, DSCSNPs showed better photostability than free dye.","PeriodicalId":334187,"journal":{"name":"High Capacity Optical Networks and Emerging/Enabling Technologies","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124386094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A high contrast organic light emitting device employing an emissive organic phase tuning layer","authors":"B. Ding, K. Alameh","doi":"10.1109/HONET.2012.6421455","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/HONET.2012.6421455","url":null,"abstract":"A high contrast-ratio organic light emitting device (OLED) with an emissive phase tuning layer is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. The OLED is implemented by stacking two organic phase tuning layers between composite metal layers of LiF/Al/C60 and LiF/Al and optimizing their thicknesses. Electroluminescence spectrum reveals that the phase tuning layer emits light due to the insertion of ultra-thin C60. Such a tandem device can reduce the operating voltage by 1.1 V, in comparison to conventional high contrast OLEDs. Measured reflection spectra validate the high-contrast capability of the OLED, and demonstrate experimentally an average reflectivity of 6.0% in the visible range from 400 nm to 750 nm, which is much lower than 20.3% for conventional high contrast OLED.","PeriodicalId":334187,"journal":{"name":"High Capacity Optical Networks and Emerging/Enabling Technologies","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123784790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hussein E. Seleem, Abdelouahab Bentrcia, H. Fathallah
{"title":"Projected parallel interference cancellation multiuser detector for asynchronous upstream OCDMA-PON","authors":"Hussein E. Seleem, Abdelouahab Bentrcia, H. Fathallah","doi":"10.1109/HONET.2012.6421466","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/HONET.2012.6421466","url":null,"abstract":"OCDMA is a promising candidate for Next Generation Passive Optical Networks (NG-PON). OCDMA-PON can potentially provide all customers with a Gb/s-cIass bandwidth upstream with inherent flexibility. Unfortunately OCDMA suffers from Multiple Access Interference (MAl) and various detection noises. To mitigate MAl we propose a novel parallel interference cancellation technique for incoherent DS-OCDMA that better exploits the positivity of the solution. The proposed PIC scheme incorporates this additional information into its structure. The proposed PIC detector is shown to outperform the conventional correlator detector, the decorrelator detector, the Linear Parallel Interference Cancellation (LPIC) detector and even the Linear Minimum Mean Square Error (LMMSE) detector. As a matter of fact, our detector achieves more than 1 dB enhancement in SNR at 10.3 average BER for 32 active users compared to the LMMSE detector. This gain can be used to reduce the code length required to support a higher number of users.","PeriodicalId":334187,"journal":{"name":"High Capacity Optical Networks and Emerging/Enabling Technologies","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128484724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}