Oblik i finansi最新文献

{"title":"Budget Absorption Phenomena: Evidence from Education Quality Assurance Institutions","authors":"E. Heniwati","doi":"10.33146/2307-9878-2023-2(100)-101-110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33146/2307-9878-2023-2(100)-101-110","url":null,"abstract":"From the perspective of public sector organizations, budget absorption is the disbursement or realization of the budget from listed programs and activities presented in the Budget Realization Report for a certain period. Understanding the budgeting process in the public sector can explain the factors related to budget absorption. This study analyzes the factors that influence the performance of budget absorption at the Education Quality Assurance Institutions in Indonesia, with organizational commitment as a moderating variable. The moderated regression analysis was used to determine influential factors on budget absorption. This study uses primary data from all sample institutions, namely the Education Quality Assurance Institutions, in Indonesia. The survey was conducted by emailing questionnaires electronically (Google form) to the research object’s work unit. From 34 working units, 170 respondents met the established criteria, and all returned the questionnaire. The results showed that budget planning and human resource competence positively affect budget absorption performance. Organizational commitment strengthens the influence of budget planning and human resource competence on budget absorption performance. The study implies that to optimize budget absorption, the institutions must improve the quality of human resources and do well budget planning accompanied by solid organizational commitment. Optimal budget absorption will swirl the national economy. This study contributes to budget absorption literature by providing insight into how human resources competence, good budget planning, and organizational commitment affect budget absorption in Indonesia’s Education Quality Assurance Institutions.","PeriodicalId":33375,"journal":{"name":"Oblik i finansi","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74538753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Criteria for Determining Critical Imports in Ukraine","authors":"Nataliia Savchenko","doi":"10.33146/2307-9878-2023-1(99)-91-96","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33146/2307-9878-2023-1(99)-91-96","url":null,"abstract":"As a result of the military operations on the territory of Ukraine, many enterprises ceased to function, and the operating enterprises bear a manifold increased fiscal and socio-economic burden. Therefore, the state must implement an effective customs policy, particularly in regulating critical imports, to ensure support for developing existing businesses in the conditions of disruption of raw material supplies and logistics connections between business entities. The article aims to reveal the features and criteria for determining critical imports under martial law conditions. The peculiarities of critical imports of Ukraine in martial law conditions were analyzed. Groups of goods of critical import have been identified. The stages of simplifying customs procedures for transporting humanitarian goods under martial law conditions have been determined. It was established that the list of goods and services of critical import was repeatedly revised upward. Changes to the current legislation were made based on appeals from Ukrainian companies. Despite the critical attitude of subjects of foreign economic activity to the list of critical import goods, its implementation made it possible to save the gold and foreign exchange reserves of the National Bank of Ukraine in the first weeks of the war thanks to the balancing of currency flows. The article analyzes the criteria for determining critical import goods under martial law conditions, which were classified into four subgroups: the energy sector, the security and defence sector, the sector ensuring the population's livelihood, and the sector ensuring the functioning of industrial enterprises. At the same time, the legal regulation of critical imports in martial law conditions may change, taking into account the development trends of the financial and economic situation in the country, so this issue remains open for scientific discussion.","PeriodicalId":33375,"journal":{"name":"Oblik i finansi","volume":"85 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85065955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of Accounting: Challenges and Prospects in the Context of European Integration","authors":"D. Kobets","doi":"10.33146/2307-9878-2023-1(99)-31-37","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33146/2307-9878-2023-1(99)-31-37","url":null,"abstract":"Digital technologies are actively penetrating the life of every person, reducing labor costs while requiring a more intellectual, more creative approach to solving problems from a person. Information technologies also enable automating and optimizing settlement and accounting operations. However, using information technologies in accounting is only one of many challenges. Ukraine has declared a European integration direction for the development of the economy, which involves bringing accounting processes and procedures into compliance with the requirements of European standards. The article aims to analyze the main challenges and perspectives of accounting development in the context of Ukraine's integration intentions and to develop a conceptual model of accounting development considering the state's European integration intentions. The article's analysis of scientific studies on the development of accounting provides a thorough insight into identifying its main trends: digitalization of accounting processes, harmonization of accounting regulatory acts, unification and consolidation of reporting with compliance of European standards. The component structure of the accounting development model is substantiated, taking into account the European integration intentions of the state, and the steps for its implementation are also proposed. Attention is focused on the need to intensify the standardization of accounting procedures to the requirements of the European space, training specialists to interact with digital accounting and information processing tools, and creating an optimal internal environment within business entities favorable for accelerating digital transformations. Modernization of accounting, considering the European integration intentions of Ukraine, will contribute to increasing the efficiency of enterprise management and the investment attractiveness of business entities.","PeriodicalId":33375,"journal":{"name":"Oblik i finansi","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81088253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Public Funds as an Object of Forensic Economic Expertise","authors":"V. Ivankov","doi":"10.33146/2307-9878-2023-2(100)-54-67","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33146/2307-9878-2023-2(100)-54-67","url":null,"abstract":"Having chosen a democratic development path, Ukraine is actively working to improve the quality of public finance management. Generally, public funds are not objects of forensic economic expertise. However, funds of the different institutions and associations operating within limits implemented by legislative norms become such objects due to numerous economic crimes. The article aims to reveal the essence and content of the concept of public funds, which will serve as the basis of special knowledge when performing a forensic economic expertise following the goals formed during pre-trial or court proceedings. The heuristic potential of public funds was revealed by clarifying the types of public funds recorded in the legislative field. The types of public funds were analyzed according to their classification features and characteristics in the economic and legal sense, which contributes to the organization of the research of public funds based on this classification and the tasks of forensic economic expertise. It was substantiated that the concept of “public funds of resources” is broader in content than the “public funds of cash resources”. Therefore it is proposed to distinguish them given their corresponding content component during the forensic economic expertise of operations with such objects of expert research. Mandatory criteria for the publicity of funds have been identified, such as public interest, the common (public) purpose of operation, non-commerciality, public-legal regime of operation of the fund of funds established by law, defined as a special object of public financial control, legally defined sources of income, forms distribution and form of use of the monetary fund. Additional classification features of funds of public funds have been established, which allows for their classification in the legal field.","PeriodicalId":33375,"journal":{"name":"Oblik i finansi","volume":"62 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76298779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk-Return Relationship in the Nigerian Stock Market: Comparative between Fama-French Five-Factor Model and Higher Moment Fama-French Five-Factor Model","authors":"Yusuf Olatunji Oyedeko, Olusola Segun Kolawole, Isah Ibrahim, O. Zharikova","doi":"10.33146/2307-9878-2023-1(99)-68-78","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33146/2307-9878-2023-1(99)-68-78","url":null,"abstract":"The study looked at the relationship between risk and return in the Nigerian stock market using Fama-French five-factor model and Higher Moment Fama-French five-factor model. The employed 90 companies’ stocks that are frequently traded out of the sample size of 113 companies’ stocks. The monthly stock prices, market index, risk-free rate (which was substituted with the rate on Treasury bills), ownership shareholdings, market capitalization, book value of equity, earnings before interest and taxes, and total assets were the data used in this study. The entire sample period covered from 2005-2020. The data was extracted from the Nigerian Group of Exchange (NGX) website, the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) website, and the Standard and Poor (S&P) database. The Fama-MacBeth two-step regression method was employed. It was found that systematic risk has significant negative effect on return while unsystematic risk has significant positive effect on return. The study concluded that the long standing view of hypothesised positive relationship between risk and return does not hold in the Nigerian stock market and the assumption that market risk is the only determinant of return is invalidated. Also, systematic coskewness risk is an important risk factor in the Nigerian stock market and higher moment FF5F model and CoFF5F model is superior to FF5F model. The study recommended that the investors should focused on how their investment return co-move with other dimension of risk such as unsystematic risk, systematic cokewness risk, systematic cokurtosis risk and non-market risk apart from the systematic risk.","PeriodicalId":33375,"journal":{"name":"Oblik i finansi","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80704733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Consumer Behaviour Study in the Brand Management System","authors":"V. Pidhurska, Y. Larina","doi":"10.33146/2307-9878-2023-2(100)-140-146","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33146/2307-9878-2023-2(100)-140-146","url":null,"abstract":"The issues of how a human thinks and what influences his decisions, the ratio of rational and irrational in consumer behaviour, and how the decision-making process works while purchasing goods are phenomena of human nature that are being researched and explained by modern behaviourists. In the conditions of active globalization, the external environment's instability, and the rapid development of digital technologies, effective business functioning is impossible without the regular study of consumer behaviour. The purpose of the article is the creation a methodology for studying consumer behaviour to make the appropriate business decisions in the brand management system of a modern enterprise. The study of scientific research in behavioural economics and neuromarketing made it possible to create the methodology with a list of methods that should be applied at each stage of studying consumer behaviour. This methodology is a practical and effective tool for modern enterprises that aim to create new brands, review their brand management strategies, expand their portfolio, etc. This study also presents relevant advice (regarding the study of consumer behaviour) for brand managers and marketers who are directly involved in forming and implementing the company's brand management strategy. It has been established that no tool inside a person allows one to assess the absolute value of one thing. Hence, consumers concentrate on the advantages of one option over another and evaluate the rational (conscious) and emotional (unconscious) levels of the advantages of purchasing. In such conditions, the formation of business decisions in the company's brand management system should be based on the insights obtained from the relevant consumer behaviour study.","PeriodicalId":33375,"journal":{"name":"Oblik i finansi","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73517069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Causes and Consequences of the Formation and Development of the Institute of Professional Accountants","authors":"V. Zhuk, S. Ostapchuk, N. Golub","doi":"10.33146/2307-9878-2023-2(100)-23-28","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33146/2307-9878-2023-2(100)-23-28","url":null,"abstract":"Assumptions about the absence of a future in the accounting profession in the era of digitalization determine the need to assess the fundamental guidelines for its further development. The institutional theory considers accounting as an important socio-economic institute and the accountant as an informal carrier of this financial institution. Today, in practice, accounting occupies an important place not only in managing economic entities but also in adopting state decisions and decisions on the capital market. The article's purpose is to deeply investigate the phenomenon of the institute of professional accountants, the historical prerequisites of its formation and, most importantly, its influence on the future of the accounting profession. The results of the study show that an accountant can be considered a representative of the profession (institute) if he possesses knowledge, skills and adheres to professional ethics. A clear observance of these qualities is formed as the economy develops and reaches its heyday only with the formation of the professional accounting movement. The article also analyzes the history of the formation of accounting professional organizations. It was revealed that today the formation of such organizations takes place under the supervision and control of the state. Although accounting professional organizations have a national identity, their development is determined by factors of globalization. Formally, the \"institute of accountants\" is always present everywhere in the broader consideration of the accounting phenomenon. \"Institute of accountants\" and \"institute of professional accountants\" differ in their internal and external content maturity. For most countries, including Ukraine, the development of the institute of professional accountants is based on borrowing the \"rules of the game\" and organizational practices from more developed countries. Institutional paradigm and theory create fundamental guidelines for substantiating the development of accounting and the accounting profession.","PeriodicalId":33375,"journal":{"name":"Oblik i finansi","volume":"32 14","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72367574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Implications of Robotic Process Automation in the Automation of Economic Processes: A Case Study of Fruit Processing Factory","authors":"V. Banţa, A. Banta, Sabin Alexandru Babeanu","doi":"10.33146/2307-9878-2023-1(99)-108-114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33146/2307-9878-2023-1(99)-108-114","url":null,"abstract":"For several years, big companies in Romania and beyond have faced various challenges, including digitization. This involves transitioning to new versions of integrated ERP systems, incorporating cutting-edge database trends like in-memory technology and SAP HANA, and adopting Robotic Process Automation (RPA) for modelling the economic processes used, like order to cash or procure to pay. While the deadline for SAP solutions is set for 2027, the preparations for this shift are extensive and require a mixed team of engineers and economists. Consequently, many SAP clients are exploring using auxiliary interfaces and RPA to streamline economic processes. To provide insights into potential solutions, this article presents a study on the strategies adopted by one large company active in fruit processing, from production to sales and distribution. This study aims to show how intelligent technologies can help company departments automate economic processes. The study draws on questionnaires sent to the users from the mentioned company and the authors' own experience in creating interfaces used for economic processes. The research results confirm that it is time when certain stages of the economic process to be performed by a software bot, which will allow company employees to have the necessary time to study and improve work with economic processes. Companies should prioritize the intelligent processing, storage, and distribution of data to beneficiaries, especially regarding repetitive tasks. Every company should prioritize attracting European funds for automation and digitization, as incorporating intelligent technologies into daily work is essential.","PeriodicalId":33375,"journal":{"name":"Oblik i finansi","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81585453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Influence of Love of Money, Machiavellianism, and Injunctive Norms on Tax Evasion with Religiosity as Moderating Variable","authors":"Muliani Mangngalla', A. Alimuddin, G. Pontoh","doi":"10.33146/2307-9878-2023-1(99)-122-129","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33146/2307-9878-2023-1(99)-122-129","url":null,"abstract":"Taxes form 85% of Indonesia's state budget revenues. Based on the importance of tax discipline, the government has implemented various tax reforms to increase tax revenue targets. However, many taxpayers try to find loopholes to avoid paying part of their taxes. The purpose of the study is to assess the influence of love of money, machiavellianism, and injunctive norms on tax evasion with religiosity as moderating variable. The object of the study is 100 taxpayers served by the North Makassar Primary Tax Service Office and South Makassar Primary Tax Service Office. The criterion for choosing taxpayers is the size of the annual income of more than 60 million rupees. Data were collected using questionnaires with a Likert scale. Love of money variable is measured by the money ethics scale (MES) developed by Tang (2002) using 4 indicators. The machiavellianism variable is measured by the 7-item Mach IV scale, which is adapted from Christie's (1970) indicator. The variable of injunctive norms is measured by the indicators developed by Bobek et al. (2013). The religiosity variable was measured using indicators developed by Glock and Stark (1965). The tax evasion variable was measured by 5 indicators with 7 statements developed by Suminarsasi and Supriyadi (2011). The partial least square (PLS) method was used for data analysis. The study’s results showed that love of money and machiavellianism have a positive and significant influence on tax evasion. In contrast, injunctive norms negatively and significantly influence tax evasion. At the same time, religiosity moderates the impact of these factors on tax evasion. This suggests that high love of money, manipulative nature and willingness to adapt to the environment are why taxpayers cheat on their tax obligations. Still, taxpayers' religiosity can be a deterrent factor to tax evasion.","PeriodicalId":33375,"journal":{"name":"Oblik i finansi","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89340042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Conceptual Significance of Internal Audit in the Armed Forces of Ukraine","authors":"L. Sokolenko","doi":"10.33146/2307-9878-2023-1(99)-49-55","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33146/2307-9878-2023-1(99)-49-55","url":null,"abstract":"Due to the corruption scandal in February 2023, related to the procurement by the Ministry of Defense of Ukraine of food services for military personnel, the issue of internal control of the sphere of public finances was brought up to date, which makes it necessary to find ways and develop measures to increase its effectiveness and efficiency in the Armed Forces of Ukraine. The article aims to outline the conceptual directions of the functioning of internal audit in the Armed Forces of Ukraine, based on the need for its rethinking and further reform. The analysis of the results of the internal audit in the system of the Ministry of Defense of Ukraine for the period 2018-2021 was carried out. It was revealed that in 2020-2021 there was a sharp increase in the volume of violations that led to losses and damages (with a reduction in the number of conducted audits); on the other hand, the indicators of prevented losses and damages significantly decreased. Although the current regulatory framework for internal audit in the Armed Forces of Ukraine is quite developed, the vision and strategy for developing internal audit in this area of public administration need updating. A comprehensive vision of internal audit in ensuring the proper functioning and financing of the Armed Forces of Ukraine will create a basis for further identifying the vectors of reform in this area to stakeholder requests. Four key components that determine the functional value of internal audit for the proper functioning of the Armed Forces of Ukraine were revealed: strategic (strategy for the development of internal audit ), resource (proper allocation and use of resources), diagnostic (detection and prevention of fraud and abuse), and communication component (effective communication between various units of the defence department). In order to assess the effectiveness of defence spending, it is necessary to carry out an internal audit of the Armed Forces of Ukraine because a high-quality internal audit environment will increase the transparency of financial resource management processes and will give confidence to the main stakeholders who act as donors that their aid is used effectively for its intended purpose.","PeriodicalId":33375,"journal":{"name":"Oblik i finansi","volume":"69 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86551238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}