Philippine Journal of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery最新文献

{"title":"Fenestral Otosclerosis: A Subtle Lesion Easily Missed","authors":"N. Yang","doi":"10.32412/PJOHNS.V36I1.1675","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32412/PJOHNS.V36I1.1675","url":null,"abstract":"Disclosures: The author signed a disclosure that there are no financial or other (including personal) relationships, intellectual passion, political or religious beliefs, and institutional affiliations that might lead to a conflict of interest. A 29-year-old Filipina of Chinese descent presented with progressive bilateral conductive hearing loss of several years’ duration. While working overseas, she consulted with an otolaryngologist and underwent computerized tomographic (CT) imaging of the temporal bone as part of her evaluation. She was informed that no abnormalities were identified in the imaging exam, and she was offered exploratory middle ear surgery with possible stapes surgery. She then sought a second opinion, with the intention of obtaining a more definitive diagnosis prior to any invasive medical intervention. A review of the CT imaging study, with particular emphasis on looking for radiologic evidence of otosclerosis, revealed the presence of a focal region of bone demineralization in the region of the fissula ante fenestram. (Figure 1) This finding is consistent with a diagnosis of fenestral otosclerosis.","PeriodicalId":33358,"journal":{"name":"Philippine Journal of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery","volume":"36 1","pages":"65"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44980666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding the Use of Polycaprolactone in East Asian Structural Rhinoplasty: Questions and Answers","authors":"E. Yap","doi":"10.32412/PJOHNS.V36I1.1673","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32412/PJOHNS.V36I1.1673","url":null,"abstract":"Surgery as an art in rhinoplasty involves grafting techniques wherein materials (usually autologous) are taken from the septum and supplemented by conchal cartilage. However, not all noses have adequate cartilage material. The quest for materials as possible replacement for human tissue have led to invention of synthetic (e.g. silicone, e-PTFE, porous polyethelene) and non-synthetic products (e.g. processed homograft and xenograft). In this era of advanced medical science, tissue engineering has started the use polycaprolactone (PCL) as a template and scaffold for tissue growth. Because of this characteristic feature, PCL as a mesh has a significant role in structural rhinoplasty.","PeriodicalId":33358,"journal":{"name":"Philippine Journal of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery","volume":"36 1","pages":"57"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41859282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Use of Commercially Available Non-Medical Grade USB Cameras for Physician Guided ENT Out-Patient Self-Examination During the COVID-19 Pandemic","authors":"Rentor Cafino","doi":"10.32412/PJOHNS.V36I1.1657","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32412/PJOHNS.V36I1.1657","url":null,"abstract":"Results: Commercially available USB cameras were able to provide basic visualization of the ears, nose and oral cavity. The non-medical grade USB cameras captured lower quality images when compared to the medical grade endoscopes but provided enough visualization to aid in the examination and diagnosis of simple cases. There was a learning curve in using the set-up but patients were able to adjust well, taking an average time of 2.7 minutes to complete the examination.","PeriodicalId":33358,"journal":{"name":"Philippine Journal of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery","volume":"36 1","pages":"50"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43978907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Death and Dying During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Tahan Na, Humimlay","authors":"J. Lapeña, Jr","doi":"10.32412/PJOHNS.V36I1.1667","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32412/PJOHNS.V36I1.1667","url":null,"abstract":"Nagwakas ang araw \u0000Lupa’t dagat, langit, pumanaw \u0000Tahan na, Humimlay \u0000Siyanawa \u0000— JF Lapeña, Tahan Na, Humimlay \u0000  \u0000The continuing COVID-19 pandemic has directly or indirectly claimed the lives of countless colleagues, friends, and family. I personally thought my tears had run dry as people I knew and loved died throughout the past year, but the wells of grief run deep, even as the plague continues its scourge as of this writing. Especially when fellow front-liners fall, the haunting bugle call echoes the finality of death: “day is done, gone the sun, from the lake, from the hills, from the sky.”1 \u0000Of my original fellow office-bearers in the Philippine Association of Medical Journal Editors (PAMJE), two have passed on: Dr. Gerard “Raldy” Goco and Jose Ma. “Joey” Avila.2 Even in our Philippine Society of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, I do not recall us dedicating so many passages in issues past as we do now, with tributes to Dr. Elvira Colmenar, Dr. Ruben Henson Jr., Dr. Marlon del Rosario, and Dr. Oliverio Segura. Our Philippine Medical Association Central Tagalog Region (PMA-CTR) has lost more than its share of physicians: Dr. Joseph Aniciete, Dr. Patrocinio Dayrit, and Dr. Rhoderick Presas of the Caloocan City Medical Society; Dr. Mar Cruz, Dr. Mayumi Bismarck, and Dr. Edith Zulueta of the Marikina Valley Medical Society; Dr. Kharen AbatSenen of the Valenzuela City Medical Society; Dr. Romy Encanto and Dr. Cosme Naval of the San Juan Medical Society; Dr. Roberto Anastacio and Dr. Encarnacion Cabral of the Makati Medical Society; and Dr. Amy Tenedero and Dr. Neil Orteza of the Pasay Parañaque Medical Society. The rest of the PMA has lost over 145 physicians due to, or during, the pandemic. \u0000As healthcare workers, how do we deal with their deaths, the inevitability of more deaths, and the very real prospect of our own deaths during these trying times? How do we continue our work of saving lives in our overcrowded hospitals and community-based clinics while dealing with grief and facing our own fears for ourselves and our families? \u0000Over 50 years ago, Elisabeth Kübler-Ross formulated a model of dying with five stages of coping with impending loss of life (denial, anger, bargaining, depression and acceptance) based on her work with dying patients at the University of Chicago, and these have become widely considered as phases of grief that people go through when faced with the prospect of their own death (or as a response to any major life change).3 By focusing “on dying, rather than death,” her work “shifted attention of religious thinkers, pastors, and authors of personal testimonies onto the themes and framework she offered” and “her legacy was to offer a fresh way to think and speak about dying, death and grieving.”4 Whether, and how we might appropriate her framework in order to cope with our personal and collective experiences during this pandemic, a pandemic that is arguably worse than any worst case scenario ever imagined, is anoth","PeriodicalId":33358,"journal":{"name":"Philippine Journal of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery","volume":"36 1","pages":"4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47837830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Elvira Geluz Ilano-Colmenar, MD (1930 – 2021)","authors":"Manuel Tomas Colmenar","doi":"10.32412/pjohns.v36i1.1669","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32412/pjohns.v36i1.1669","url":null,"abstract":"A fighter through and through, my mother Elvie passed away at the age of 90 in St. Luke’s, Quezon City due to cancer. During her last days in the hospital, with nurses and attendings rushing back and forth her room with various equipment, she would often marvel at how medicine has advanced since her younger years. “Iba na talaga ngayon…”, she would say, followed by a pained chuckle and a faraway look in her eyes. While times have certainly changed and continue to do so, this did not hinder my mom from being the best doctor she could be. \u0000Born in Imus, Cavite, Elvie was the youngest daughter in a family of eight children. Her father passed when she was just a toddler, so they were raised single-handedly by her mother since then. She was known as ‘Tia Elvie’ to her nieces and nephews, whom she nurtured and cared for dearly. She finished Medicine at the University of Santo Tomas in 1954, and beauty and brains that she was, was also a candidate for Miss Medicine in that year. She then pursued her residency in Otolaryngology at King’s County Hospital, Brooklyn New York in 1960. She married the love of her life, Manolo Colmenar in 1964. \u0000Dr. Colmenar established her practice in St. Luke’s, where she joined the staff of the EENT Department at Cathedral Heights, Quezon City and was subsequently appointed the first Chairperson of our very own ENT-HNS Department in 1987. She worked very hard to establish an accredited residency training program, all while serving as a beacon and guide to our residents and staff. Influenced by her service, my brother Loy and I followed in her footsteps, pursuing our own careers in Dentistry and Medicine later on. She was also a source of inspiration to several of her nieces who later became established physicians in their own fields of specialty, as well as two of her grandchildren who are also pursuing Dentistry and Medicine. \u0000Mom was known for her 30-minute cold knife tonsillectomies, but one thing she would always emphasize was the importance of patient safety over speed. A natural peacemaker, she also served in the hospital ethics committee, where she mediated in settling cases between warring physicians, hospital staff, and patients. This value of hers would also be evident in our clan, as we would always approach her first during times of family crisis. After retirement, she continued her practice at home, mostly for free, until she could no longer do so. \u0000While it broke our hearts to see her go, my mom lived a beautiful and fulfilling life. She will always be remembered as a steadfast doctor, an inspiring mentor, a doting wife, mother, and grandmother, and one of the strongest and most generous women we will ever have the pleasure of knowing. May she rest in peace in the hands of our Lord.","PeriodicalId":33358,"journal":{"name":"Philippine Journal of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42971447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Marlon V. del Rosario, MD (1956 – 2021)","authors":"A. Calderón","doi":"10.32412/pjohns.v36i1.1671","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32412/pjohns.v36i1.1671","url":null,"abstract":"Marlon graduated from the University of Santo Tomas (UST) Faculty of Medicine and Surgery in 1982. He completed his internship at the Ospital ng Maynila Medical Center (OMMC) the following year. He then proceeded to complete the OMMC residency training program in Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery (then chaired by the venerable Dr. Angel Enriquez). In 1988, he attained the title of Diplomate in Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery. \u0000Marlon established his private practice in his hometown of Tanza, Cavite. It is also here where he co-founded the Divine Grace Medical Center, the first tertiary medical facility in this part of Cavite. In 1989, with the encouragement of Dr. Joselito “Che” Jamir, a respected fellow Caviteño otolaryngologist, he joined the faculty of De La Salle Medical and Health Sciences Institute in Dasmariñas, Cavite, serving for 30 years as Assistant Professor. He also served as an Associate Board Examiner for the Philippine Board of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery until 2016. \u0000With this short statement alone, one can already see the exemplary medical career Marlon had. But to properly pay tribute to him, one must see and know the man behind the endoscope, the man beneath the white tailored medical overcoat. \u0000Marlon’s character was a bit of a paradox. He was a humble and modest person despite his substantial resources. He was unassuming yet self-assured. He was reserved but gregarious at the same time. For instance, in our conventions or other gatherings of fellows, he would most likely be seated at the farthest portion of the meeting quietly and attentively listening to the proceedings. But once outside the session hall when he gets to meet up with his buddies, he transforms and takes center stage in what will eventually be a boisterous exchange of banter. The usual suspects in these animated gatherings were Drs. Arsenio “Boy” Pascual, Howard Enriquez, Tomas “Tom” Antonio and Diosdado “Dado” Uy. Indeed, he was the epitome of someone who worked hard and played hard. \u0000He was a man with foresight. Instead of investing in clinic spaces in large and established medical centers in Metro Manila and Cavite, he staked his money on building the Divine Grace Medical Center, a tertiary medical center in what was then a sleepy town of Tanza, Cavite. This sleepy town is now a commercial and financial hub in the northwestern part of Cavite, with his hospital located right in the middle of all the commercial and infrastructure developments. And as his practice started to thrive, he tempered his success with kindness and compassion, earning him more prominence in his hometown. \u0000He was also a music aficionado. While many of us are only recently going back to the turntable and vinyl records, he never let go of his turntable set up. He was a bit of a snob when it came to music. He found tapes and digitized sound inferior to vinyl records, and his vinyl record collection is still an envy of many. He appreciated all forms of music, but the genr","PeriodicalId":33358,"journal":{"name":"Philippine Journal of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48859548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Smell Training in Prolonged COVID-19 PostInfectious Olfactory Dysfunction: A Case Report","authors":"Paul Villar, R. Chua, Ruby Robles","doi":"10.32412/PJOHNS.V36I1.1655","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32412/PJOHNS.V36I1.1655","url":null,"abstract":"The authors declared that this represents original material that is not being considered for publication or has not been published or accepted for publication elsewhere in full or in part, in print or electronic media; that the manuscript has been read and approved by the authors, that the requirements for authorship have been met by each author, and that the authors believe that the manuscript represents honest work.","PeriodicalId":33358,"journal":{"name":"Philippine Journal of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery","volume":"36 1","pages":"37"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48235770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"To the Lip and Beyond: A Case Report of a Midline Tessier 30 Cleft","authors":"John Dennis Suarez, G. Pérez","doi":"10.32412/PJOHNS.V36I1.1659","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32412/PJOHNS.V36I1.1659","url":null,"abstract":"Tessier clefts, otherwise known as craniofacial clefts, are extremely rare congenital malformations with an incidence between 1.4 and 4.9 per 100,000 live births, and have adverse functional, psychological, and aesthetic effects on patient’s life.1 In 1976, the French plastic surgeon Sir Paul Tessier classified a nonunion of the bony mandibular symphysis, adherence of the tongue to the midline floor of mouth and median clefting of the soft tissues of the lower lip as principle features of one subtype, the median mandibular cleft (designated Tessier 30).2 Couronne in 1819 was the first to document an actual case and there are only 69 cases reported worldwide to date.3 To the best of our knowledge based on a search of HERDIN Plus, the ASEAN Citation Index, the Global Index Medicus Western Pacific Region Index Medicus","PeriodicalId":33358,"journal":{"name":"Philippine Journal of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery","volume":"36 1","pages":"45"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49234424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of Olfactory Dysfunction Among COVID-19 Patients with Self-Reported Smell Loss Versus Objective Olfactory Tests: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","authors":"Joyce Anne Regalado, Mariel Mae Tayam, R. Santos, January E. Gelera","doi":"10.32412/PJOHNS.V36I1.1649","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32412/PJOHNS.V36I1.1649","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Olfactory dysfunction (OD) in COVID-19 presents as a sudden onset smell loss commonly seen in mild symptomatic cases with or without rhinitis but can occur as an isolated symptom. The reported prevalence of OD among COVID-19 patients ranged from 5% to 98%. Although numerous studies have been conducted about their association, these were mainly based on self-reported cases and subjective questionnaires. Objective: This study investigates whether there is a significant difference in the prevalence of olfactory dysfunction between self-reported and objective testing using validated objective olfactory tests among RT-PCR confirmed COVID-19 patients. Methods: PubMed (MEDLINE), Cochrane, Web of Science, and Google Scholar were searched for studies investigating the prevalence of OD by using objective olfactory tests among patients who self-reported OD (November 1, 2019 to July 31, 2020). All studies were assessed for quality and bias using the Cochrane bias tool. Patient demographics, type of objective olfactory test, and results of self-reported OD and objective testing were reported. Results: Nine studies encompassing 673 patients met the inclusion criteria. Validated objective olfactory tests used in the included studies were CCCRC, SST and SIT. Overall prevalence of OD among patients who self-reported was higher after objective testing (71% versus 81%). This was also seen in when we performed subgroup analysis based on the objective tests that were used. However, meta-analysis using random effects model showed no significant difference in the overall prevalence of OD (p-value=.479, 95% CI 56.6 to 84.0 versus 71.2 to 89.8) as well as in the subgroups. Conclusion: To the best of our knowledge, this is the first meta-analysis that statistically reviewed articles that evaluated the difference between self-reported and objective tests done on the same patients. Results showing that self-reporting OD approximates the results of the objective tests among COVID-19 positive patients may imply that self-reporting can be sufficient in contact tracing and triggering swabbing and self-quarantine during the time of COVID-19 and objective Prevalence of Olfactory Dysfunction Among COVID-19 Patients with Self-Reported Smell Loss Versus Objective Olfactory Tests: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Joyce Anne F. Regalado, MD Mariel Mae H. Tayam, MD Romiena A. Santos, MD January E. Gelera, MD Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery ‘Amang’ Rodriguez Memorial Medical Center Correspondence: Dr. January E. Gelera Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery ‘Amang’ Rodriguez Memorial Medical Center Sumulong Highway, Sto. Niño, Marikina City 1800 Philippines Phone: +63 915 490 4673 Email: januarygelera@gmail.com The authors declared that this represents original material that is not being considered for publication or has not been published or accepted for publication elsewhere in full or in part, in print or electronic media; tha","PeriodicalId":33358,"journal":{"name":"Philippine Journal of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery","volume":"36 1","pages":"6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44206714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of Anosmia and Positive SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) RT-PCR Test Results Among Patients in the Quezon City General Hospital","authors":"Jeff James Alega, Emmanuel Tadeus S. Cruz","doi":"10.32412/PJOHNS.V36I1.1631","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32412/PJOHNS.V36I1.1631","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To determine the association of anosmia and positive SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) RT-PCR test results among patients in a tertiary government hospital in Metro Manila. Methods: Design: Cross-Sectional Study Setting: Tertiary Government Training Hospital Participants: Patients aged 18 years old and above who consulted or were admitted with COVID-19 symptoms at the Quezon City General Hospital in the Philippines from July to September 2020 answered an offline version of the American Academy of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery AAO-HNS COVID-19 Anosmia Reporting Tool prior to undergoing (COVID-19) RT-PCR testing. Results: Out of 172 participants, 63 (36.6%) presented with anosmia. Sixty (95.2%) out of 63 of those with anosmia had a positive COVID-19 RT-PCR test result. Forty-one (65%) participants reported anosmia as the first symptom while the most common associated symptoms were fever (59%), cough (50%), and rhinorrhea (31%). There was a significant association between anosmia and positive SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) RT-PCR tests (X2=33.85, df=1, p<.0001). A significantly higher proportion of patients with anosmia were positive for COVID-19 than those without anosmia at 95.2% and 52.3% respectively. The risk for COVID-19 among patients with anosmia was almost two times higher than those without anosmia (RR=1.82; 95%CI:1.51 – 2.20; p<.0001). Conclusion: Anosmia was associated with a positive SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) RT-PCR test in more than 95% of those who reported the symptom. Anosmia should be considered as a red flag sign which should be included in the screening of persons suspected of being infected with COVID-19 to help mitigate further spread of the virus.","PeriodicalId":33358,"journal":{"name":"Philippine Journal of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery","volume":"36 1","pages":"33"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44192726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}