Labour-Le Travail最新文献

{"title":"Stephen Dale, Shift Change: Scenes from a Post-Industrial Revolution (Toronto: Between the Lines, 2021)","authors":"Christopher Lawson","doi":"10.52975/llt.2022v90.0025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52975/llt.2022v90.0025","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":33140,"journal":{"name":"Labour-Le Travail","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78255346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Keith Pluymers, No Wood, No Kingdom: Political Ecology in the English Atlantic (Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2021)","authors":"J. Clifford","doi":"10.52975/llt.2022v90.0031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52975/llt.2022v90.0031","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":33140,"journal":{"name":"Labour-Le Travail","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79242652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Artificial Intelligence and Labour","authors":"Kayla Hilstob, Alicia Massie","doi":"10.52975/llt.2022v90.009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52975/llt.2022v90.009","url":null,"abstract":"We are in an important technological moment in history, where experts in academia, research institutes, and non-governmental organizations posit that developments in artificial intelligence (ai) will lead to widespread disruptions in the labour market. This article addresses this claim by asking if organized labour sees ai as an equally imminent threat. Moreover, it asks how labour is preparing to challenge the power of capital as employers leverage automation in an age of neoliberal precarity. Online materials published by unions affiliated with the Canadian Labour Congress are reviewed here through discursive analysis. Our findings indicate that while no union has expressed opposition to technological change, many have questioned how employers leverage it in the workplace and its wider geopolitical and societal effects that affect their members and communities. We find that discussion around technological change emphasizes that technology makes work better and safer in a human-centred work environment. Overall, organized labour in Canada is attentive to issues within the political-economic context of automation, precarious work, community impacts, the role of government and regulation, skills and retraining, and job loss, among others. Given the view of technology held by organized labour, we challenge perspectives of both techno-pessimism and techno-optimism and highlight instead that labour unions are in a unique position to both respond and adapt to the evolution of work. Expanded strategic interventions around automation are needed to combat precarious work and the erosion of working conditions at present and in the coming decade(s), and we point to some notable efforts that are underway.","PeriodicalId":33140,"journal":{"name":"Labour-Le Travail","volume":"53 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91058419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Enduring Significance of Black and Multiracial Working-Class History","authors":"C. Pearson","doi":"10.52975/llt.2022v90.0011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52975/llt.2022v90.0011","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":33140,"journal":{"name":"Labour-Le Travail","volume":"57 1","pages":"269 - 291"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91210388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Idéal champêtre ou enfer ouvrier?","authors":"Laura Dehaibi","doi":"10.52975/llt.2022v90.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52975/llt.2022v90.005","url":null,"abstract":"Cet article vise à exposer la persistance d’un discours romantique associé à l’agriculture et l’impact de cette image idéalisée de la terre sur la protection des travailleurs agricoles. Le portrait romantique de l’agriculture présente ce secteur économique comme étant fragile, capricieux, essentiel à la survivance humaine et intimement lié à la fois à la vie familiale et à la souveraineté nationale. Nous verrons que le mythe agricole est favorisé par la répétition d’un certain discours d’exceptionnalisme adopté tout au long de l’histoire occidentale dans la théorie et la pratique juridique et économique ainsi que dans la culture populaire et qu’il met l’accent sur la primauté de la propriété privée et la nécessité de protéger l’agriculture contre toute ingérence. Ce mythe cache toutefois la réalité des salariés agricoles tout en justifiant un traitement dérogatoire aux lois du travail. L’analyse du contexte législatif canadien contemporain en matière de protection des salariés agricoles démontrera la persistance du discours romantique en agriculture, véhiculé par de puissants lobbys agricoles et repris par les instances politiques, et son impact négatif sur les droits fondamentaux des travailleurs de la terre.","PeriodicalId":33140,"journal":{"name":"Labour-Le Travail","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85997500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Silvia Federici, Patriarchy of the Wage: Notes on Marx, Gender and Feminism (Oakland: PM Press, 2021)","authors":"Meg Luxton","doi":"10.52975/llt.2022v90.0022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52975/llt.2022v90.0022","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":33140,"journal":{"name":"Labour-Le Travail","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81891400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"\"The Same Tools Work Everywhere\": Organizing Gig Workers with Foodsters United","authors":"Paul Gray","doi":"10.52975/llt.2022v90.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52975/llt.2022v90.003","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:Foodsters United, a work-place organizing campaign by Toronto food couriers, shows that, even in the gig economy, the classic organizing methods work. The Foodsters successfully challenged their misclassification as independent contractors, got over 40 per cent of a large workforce to sign union cards, and triggered a union vote that they won with 88.8 per cent support. These victories were tempered by a devastating setback: their employer, Foodora, exited from Canadian markets. Nevertheless, what Foodsters United achieved through work-place organizing sustained its transformation into Gig Workers United, which is organizing all delivery platform workers in Toronto. Although platform companies like Foodora promote the idea that the gig economy is unprecedented, its historical continuities are more important than its discontinuities. This is also true of the work-place organizing in the gig economy. Foodsters United achieved substantial victories, not because they invented new organizing methods but because they adapted the classic methods, in often ingenious ways, to their gig economy work-place. This article is based on interviews with the campaign organizers. It is organized thematically according to classic work-place organizing methods, particularly those developed in the industrial organizing tradition, including organizing conversations, mapping, charting, leader identification, issue identification, and the creation of democratic organizations.Résumé:Foodsters United, une campagne de syndicalisation en milieu de travail menée par des coursiers alimentaires de Toronto, montre que, même dans l'économie des petits boulots, les méthodes de syndicalisation classiques fonctionnent. Les Foodsters ont contesté avec succès leur classification erronée en tant qu'entrepreneurs indépendants, ont fait signer des cartes syndicales à plus de 40 pour cent d'une main-d'œuvre importante et ont déclenché un vote syndical qu'ils ont remporté avec 88,8 pour cent de soutien. Ces victoires ont été tempérées par un revers dévastateur: leur employeur, Foodora, s'est retiré des marchés canadiens. Néanmoins, ce que Foodsters United a réalisé grâce à l'organisation du lieu de travail a soutenu sa transformation en Gig Workers United, qui organise tous les travailleurs de la plateforme de livraison à Toronto. Bien que les sociétés de plateforme comme Foodora promeuvent l'idée que l'économie des petits boulots est sans précédent, ses continuités historiques sont plus importantes que ses discontinuités. Cela est également vrai de l'organisation du lieu de travail dans l'économie des petits boulots. Foodsters United a remporté des victoires substantielles, non pas parce qu'ils ont inventé de nouvelles méthodes d'organisation, mais parce qu'ils ont adapté les méthodes classiques, de manière souvent ingénieuse, à leur lieu de travail de l'économie des petits boulots. Cet article est basé sur des entretiens avec les organisateurs de la campagne. Il est organisé de ","PeriodicalId":33140,"journal":{"name":"Labour-Le Travail","volume":"34 1","pages":"41 - 84"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90564307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Zachary Austin Doleshal, In the Kingdom of Shoes: Bata Zlĭn, Globalization, 1894 – 1945 (Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2021)","authors":"J. Russell","doi":"10.52975/llt.2022v90.0028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52975/llt.2022v90.0028","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":33140,"journal":{"name":"Labour-Le Travail","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89600987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Profits First, Safety Second","authors":"Jason Foster, Susan Cake, B. Barnetson","doi":"10.52975/llt.2022v90.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52975/llt.2022v90.007","url":null,"abstract":"This article argues that while workplaces are safer today than they were 50 years ago, the degree to which this change is due to Canada’s occupational health and safety (ohs) system is unclear. Examining the literature and reflecting upon the authors’ own experiences with workplace safety, the article suggests that fundamental flaws embedded in the principles of the system undermine its effectiveness at keeping workers safe. Specifically, the premise of joint responsibility – which is given life in the internal responsibility system (irs) – appears to ignore the conflicting interests and unequal power relations that exist in Canadian workplaces. The circumstances that contributed to the historical effectiveness of the irs no longer exist, undermining the ability of workers to realize safe and healthy workplaces.","PeriodicalId":33140,"journal":{"name":"Labour-Le Travail","volume":"43 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83689934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Joan Sangster, Demanding Equality: One Hundred Years of Canadian Feminism (Vancouver: UBC Press, 2020)","authors":"M. Fahrni","doi":"10.52975/llt.2022v90.0013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52975/llt.2022v90.0013","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":33140,"journal":{"name":"Labour-Le Travail","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73038360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}