Trends in Agriculture & Life Sciences最新文献

Major Host Plant and Life Cycle of Pest in Arboretum of Chonnam National University 全南大学植物园主要寄主植物及害虫生活史

Trends in Agriculture & Life Sciences Pub Date : 2020-12-01 DOI: 10.29335/TALS.2020.58.29

Kwang-Hong Cha, Dong-Jun Seo, M. Noh, Y. Han, W. Jung

{"title":"Major Host Plant and Life Cycle of Pest in Arboretum of Chonnam\u0000 National University","authors":"Kwang-Hong Cha, Dong-Jun Seo, M. Noh, Y. Han, W. Jung","doi":"10.29335/TALS.2020.58.29","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29335/TALS.2020.58.29","url":null,"abstract":"Investigation was made during 2018 to 2020. Among the pests occurring in arboretum, the life cycle of the fall webworm (Hyphantria cunea Drury), spotted lanternfly (Lycorma delicatula), and Ricaniid plantthopper (Ricania shanthungensis) were further investigated for their life cycle in the field. 1. The fall webworm damaged 20 out of the 45 tree species investigated. Among them persimmon tree, naksanghong, yangpala tree, cherry tree, and mulberry tree were most severly damaged. 2. Field observation of the fall webworm made on a mulberry tree showed that first generation adults emerged in mid/late May and oviposited from late May to early June. Larvae occurs during early June and late July, damaging a diverse kind of tree leaves, forming webs. In second generation adult emergence and egg deposition occurs during mid-July and mid-August. Overwintering larvae were observed inside the bark after eating from early August to late October. 3. Spotted lanternfly damaged eight out of 45 tree investigated. Among them tree of heaven, chinaberry tree and oak were severely damaged. Field observation on chinaberry tree made from the end of May showed that 1st-3rd instar nymphs began to appear from mid-June, 4th-5th instar nymphs, which have characteristic red color were discovered, and adults began to appear in early July, with the trend of increase until the end of August. From September, adults moved to the upper layer and deposited eggs as mass uniformly. 4. Ricaniid plantthopper damaged 29 of the 45 tree species. Among them, cornflower, camellia, cherry, red thorn, and korea winter hazel were the most damaged species. When observed on camellia as a host the 2nd-3rd instar nymphs of the ricaniid plantthopper began to appear from the end of May, adults were found during mid- and late June, eggs were deposited from early and mid September. During early and mid-November, overwintering eggs were often observed.","PeriodicalId":331261,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Agriculture & Life Sciences","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115466450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Plant Light Signaling Mediated by Phytochrome Photoreceptors 植物光敏色素光感受器介导的光信号

Trends in Agriculture & Life Sciences Pub Date : 2020-12-01 DOI: 10.29335/TALS.2020.58.1

Seong-Hyeon Kim, E. Jo, D. Choi, Jeong-Il Kim

{"title":"Plant Light Signaling Mediated by Phytochrome\u0000 Photoreceptors","authors":"Seong-Hyeon Kim, E. Jo, D. Choi, Jeong-Il Kim","doi":"10.29335/TALS.2020.58.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29335/TALS.2020.58.1","url":null,"abstract":"Light is essential for plant growth and development, which serves as an energy source for photosynthesis and as environmental cues for photomorphogenesis (i.e., light-mediated development). Plants continually adapt to light environments to optimize their growth and development by monitoring with help of various photoreceptors including phytochromes. As red (R) and far-red (FR) light-absorbing photoreceptors, they function as a molecular switch with R-absorbing Pr and FR-absorbing Pfr forms. In the dark, phytochromes are biosynthesized as the inactive Pr form, which can be phototransformed into the physiologically active Pfr form upon exposure to light. The Pr-to-Pfr photoactivation of phytochromes induces a highly regulated signaling network for photomorphogenesis in plants, which includes translocation of phytochromes into the nucleus, interaction of phytochromes with a wide array of downstream signal transducers, regulated proteolysis of signaling targets, and transcriptional regulation of various photoresponsive genes. Moreover, several key components in the phytochrome-mediated light signaling have been identified from extensive research over several decades, which includes phytochrome-interacting factor (PIF), constitutively photomorphogenic 1 (COP1), suppressor of phyA-105 (SPA), and elongated hypocotyl 5 (HY5). In this review, we provide a highlighted view for the molecular mechanisms of phytochromes in plant light signaling based on recent advances.","PeriodicalId":331261,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Agriculture & Life Sciences","volume":"64 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126285484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Current Status of Herbicide-Tolerant Protein Research and Strategy for Development of Herbicide-Tolerant Tomato Using CRISPR-Cas9 System 耐除草剂蛋白研究现状及利用CRISPR-Cas9系统培育耐除草剂番茄的策略

Trends in Agriculture & Life Sciences Pub Date : 2019-12-01 DOI: 10.29335/tals.2019.57.1

Euyeon Kim, Hyosun Park, Sohee Yang, Y. Koo

{"title":"Current Status of Herbicide-Tolerant Protein Research and Strategy\u0000 for Development of Herbicide-Tolerant Tomato Using CRISPR-Cas9\u0000 System","authors":"Euyeon Kim, Hyosun Park, Sohee Yang, Y. Koo","doi":"10.29335/tals.2019.57.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29335/tals.2019.57.1","url":null,"abstract":"The development of herbicide-tolerant plants provided a convenient farming method. The five most popular herbicides are glyphosate, sulfonylureas/imidazolinones, glufosinate, norflurasone and oxyfluorfen. These herbicides inhibit 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase (EPSPS), acetohydroxyacid synthase (AHAS), glutamine synthetase (GS), Phytoene desaturase (PDS) and protoporphyrinogen oxidase (PPO), respectively. Inhibition of EPSPS and AHAS reduces the biosynthesis of phenolic and branched amino acids, respectively, and inhibition of GS and PDS enhances the production of reactive oxygen species and induces plant necrosis. Inhibition of PPO decreases chlorophyll biosynthesis and inhibits plant photosynthesis. These herbicides induce plant death by interacting with their target proteins therefore the development of herbicide resistant plants is based on the discovery of mutant proteins insensi-tive to these herbicides. We reviewed the development of herbicide-tolerant plants and derived target amino acids for the production of herbicide-tolerant proteins using the CRISPR/Cas9 system in tomatoes.","PeriodicalId":331261,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Agriculture & Life Sciences","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117041392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Effect of Leaves Photosynthesis after Heading Time on Rice Ripening Rate 抽穗后叶片光合作用对水稻成熟速度的影响

Trends in Agriculture & Life Sciences Pub Date : 2019-12-01 DOI: 10.29335/tals.2019.57.48

H. Moon, Jae-Kyu Cho

引用次数: 0

Recent Strategies for 2,3-Butanediol Production Using Metabolically Engineered Saccharomyces cerevisiae 利用代谢工程酿酒酵母生产2,3-丁二醇的最新策略

Trends in Agriculture & Life Sciences Pub Date : 2019-12-01 DOI: 10.29335/tals.2019.57.25

Soo-Jung Kim

引用次数: 0

Nanotechnology for Smart Food Packaging System 智能食品包装系统的纳米技术

Trends in Agriculture & Life Sciences Pub Date : 2019-12-01 DOI: 10.29335/tals.2019.57.14

Sunho Park, A. Kim, Yubin Jeon, T. Han, Yonghyun Gwon, Sujin Kim, Jangho Kim

引用次数: 0

Diversity and Design Principles of Transit Peptide, Chloroplast Targeting Signal 转运肽、叶绿体靶向信号的多样性及设计原则

Trends in Agriculture & Life Sciences Pub Date : 2019-12-01 DOI: 10.29335/tals.2019.57.9

Dong Wook Lee

引用次数: 0

Crack Control in Reinforced Concrete Structures Based on Serviceability Limit States 基于使用极限状态的钢筋混凝土结构裂缝控制

Trends in Agriculture & Life Sciences Pub Date : 2019-12-01 DOI: 10.29335/tals.2019.57.52

Kiwhan Lee, M. Kim

{"title":"Crack Control in Reinforced Concrete Structures Based on\u0000 Serviceability Limit States","authors":"Kiwhan Lee, M. Kim","doi":"10.29335/tals.2019.57.52","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29335/tals.2019.57.52","url":null,"abstract":"In order to respond to the international demands that require application of the reliability based limit states design, The Korea Highway Bridge Design Code(Limit States Design) has been applied since 2015. This paper presents the design practice of the crack control specifications, which plays a key role in the critical condition verification and durability evaluation, which are important factors, along with the ultimate strength limit state aimed at the safety of the reinforced concrete structures. Maximum crack spacing derived from the formulation using the allowable crack width to satisfy the service condition and the direct crack control to calculate the crack width from the multiplication of the difference between the average strain difference of reinforcing steel and concrete derived from the crack spacing and tension stiffening effect considering the bond characteristics. Indirect crack control, defined as the maximum reinforcing steel diameters and spacings, were also reviewed. In addition, this paper compares with the direct calculation of crack width and indirect crack control specification of the 2012 revised KCI structural concrete design code based on the ultimate strength design method, which is different from the limit states design method.","PeriodicalId":331261,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Agriculture & Life Sciences","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128182428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Characterization of Nutrient Uptake Property of Ramie Leaf and Development of Powder Production Process 苎麻叶片养分吸收特性的表征及制粉工艺的开发

Trends in Agriculture & Life Sciences Pub Date : 2018-12-01 DOI: 10.29335/TALS.2018.56.1

Hyun-Sung Kim, Sung-ju Ahn

引用次数: 0

Effect of Effective Microorganism Applications on Growth, Yield and Fruit Nutrient Contents in Fresh Tomato 施用有效微生物对鲜番茄生长、产量及果实养分含量的影响

Trends in Agriculture & Life Sciences Pub Date : 2018-12-01 DOI: 10.29335/TALS.2018.56.15

Eun-jeong Kim, C. -. Kim, Sun-Kook Kim, Who-Bong Chang, Young-Ho Kim, Jaekyeong Song, J. Kwon

{"title":"Effect of Effective Microorganism Applications on Growth, Yield and Fruit Nutrient Contents in Fresh Tomato","authors":"Eun-jeong Kim, C. -. Kim, Sun-Kook Kim, Who-Bong Chang, Young-Ho Kim, Jaekyeong Song, J. Kwon","doi":"10.29335/TALS.2018.56.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29335/TALS.2018.56.15","url":null,"abstract":"This study was carried out to develop a method to effectively utilize Bacillus subtilis S37-2 strain, which has been proven to promote growth and antifungal effect on tomato cultivation. Soil treated with the suspension of Bacillus subtilis S37-2 showed a tendency that the electric conductivity (EC) decreased and the organic matter and effective phosphoric acid content increased more than the soil before the test. Bacillus subtilis S37-2 treated with the suspension was thicker and 3~16% larger than the control. In addition, navel rot was reduced by 4.7~6.0%, and heat loss was decreased by 0.4~3.7%, and the product overspeed ratio increased by 5~10%. The functional substances and antioxidative activities of the Bacillus subtilis S37-2 suspension were diluted to 1.0×10 CFU mL−1 concentration, and the sugar content of the leaves treated with leaf surface treatment was increased by 0.5 °Bx and the content of lycopene and vitamin C and DPPH radical scavenging ability, which showed antioxidant activity, was the highest. When the suspension of Bacillus subtilis S37-2 was applied to the tomato cultivation, it was diluted to 1.0×10 CFU mL−1 concentration, and after five rounds of foliar application every 7 days after the tomato planting, the growth was promoted and the quality was improved respectively. Additional key words: Bacillus subtilis S37-2, Tomato, Growth promotion, Effective microorganism","PeriodicalId":331261,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Agriculture & Life Sciences","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124131571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0