{"title":"Dielectric properties of polymers with fractal architecture","authors":"É. Dantras, A. Caminade, J. Majoral, C. Lacabanne","doi":"10.1109/ISE.2002.1042947","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISE.2002.1042947","url":null,"abstract":"A set of phosphorus-containing dendrimers involving three generations (g = 0, 1 and 2) has been investigated using dynamic dielectric spectroscopy and thermostimulated currents techniques. The dendrimers show a low temperature /spl beta/ mode with an Arrhenius type temperature dependence. Havriliak-Negami parameters of this mode are strongly influenced by the generation. For g = 0 dendrimer, a narrow TSC relaxation mode, with a quasi-Debye behavior has been also found. It has been associated with dipolar relaxation of aldehyde groups. This mode is observed in g = 1 and g = 2 dendrimers, with a mild modification of its characteristics due to interactions with phosphorus/sulfur strong dipoles (P = S groups). An additional metastable mode has been experimentally isolated. It might be due to structural relaxation.","PeriodicalId":331115,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings. 11th International Symposium on Electrets","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130853185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Dielectric characterization of PEBA and PDMS for capacitive interdigital vapour sensors","authors":"R. Igreja, J. Marat-Mendes, C. Dias","doi":"10.1109/ISE.2002.1042998","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISE.2002.1042998","url":null,"abstract":"During the wine fermentation process the aroma profile produced is very complex and changes notably due to the yeast metabolism, while ethanol is produced simultaneously in much higher concentrations (up to 10 wt.%) relatively to aroma compounds (in the ppm range), making very difficult to follow the aroma profile with the conventional sensors. An automated aroma sensing system for the wine-must fermentation may render possible to detect and correct undesired off-flavors, representing major losses for the wine-industry. We are developing an Interdigital Capacitor (IDC) sensor array to be part of an electronic nose for on-line and real-time monitoring of wine fermentation process. The basic transducer has an interdigital electrode configuration (typical gap and finger of 100 /spl mu/m) made on a glass substrate coated with a polymer sensitive layer. We had developed an analytical model for the interdigital geometries to predict the capacitance in accordance with the geometry of the electrodes and the change of capacitance with the change of permittivity and thickness of the sensitive layer. Numerical simulation of the sensors geometry has been made for the validation of the analytical model. The capacitance measured for the sensors are in good agreement with our analytical model. Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and polyetherblockamide (PEBA) have been chosen for the sensitive layer and are characterized.","PeriodicalId":331115,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings. 11th International Symposium on Electrets","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125945649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Polarization of porous PE foil","authors":"R. Kacprzyk","doi":"10.1109/ISE.2002.1042980","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISE.2002.1042980","url":null,"abstract":"Piezoelectric properties of polyethylene porous foil submitted to a polarization in high electric fields is described in the paper. It was confirmed that partial discharges in DC fields lead to an activation of piezoelectric properties of porous dielectrics. It was also shown, that the value and time stability of the piezo-coefficient d/sub 33/ can be seriously affected by polarization conditions and that for commercial polyethylene foil may be on the level of 50 pC/N or higher.","PeriodicalId":331115,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings. 11th International Symposium on Electrets","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129456423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Preparation of electrets by interlayer polarization methods","authors":"C. Wang, J. Li, Y. Liu, J. Xu, Z. Wu, C. X. Sun","doi":"10.1109/ISE.2002.1042970","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISE.2002.1042970","url":null,"abstract":"The effects of interlayer polarization in the preparation of electret are studied in this paper. We have deeply discussed several different samples by different ways, which is meaningful for the research of mini electret devices.","PeriodicalId":331115,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings. 11th International Symposium on Electrets","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114909892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Dielectric relaxations in ultra-thin films of PMMA: assessing the length scale of cooperativity in the dynamic glass transition","authors":"M. Wubbenhorst, C. Murray, J. Forrest, J. Dutcher","doi":"10.1109/ISE.2002.1043027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISE.2002.1043027","url":null,"abstract":"The local and cooperative dynamics of supported ultra-thin films (L = 4-170 nm) of poly(methyl methacrylate) was investigated by dielectric spectroscopy at frequencies from 0.1 Hz to 10/sup 6/ Hz and temperatures from 250-423 K. To assess the effect of stereoregularity, three tacticities (i, a and s-PMMA) of similar molecular weight M/sub n/ = 120-140/spl times/10/sup 3/ g mol/sup -1/ were studied. A second M/sub n/ value for s-PMMA was also studied. For i-PMMA, a decrease of the glass transition temperature T/sub g/ by up to 10 K was observed for a film thickness L < 25 nm (which is comparable to R/sub EE/), indicated by a down-shift of the peak temperature T/sub /spl alpha// in the loss /spl epsiv/\"(T) at low and high frequencies and by a shift of the maximum in the apparent activation energy E/sub a/(T) of the /spl alpha/-process. Changes in the relaxation strength and the peak shape are apparent for L /spl les/ 50 nm. In addition, the /spl beta/-relaxation probing the local mobility was investigated for i-, a- and s- PMMA. Interestingly, all polymers revealed a systematic speedup in the local dynamics for L < 25 nm which is accompanied by systematic changes in the relaxation strength. For i-PMMA, a clear relation between the thickness dependence of /spl tau//sub /spl beta// and /spl tau//sub /spl alpha// was found indicating that thickness dependences in the cooperative dynamics are predominantly induced by changes in the local mobility. These findings are consistent with the idea of confinement induced changes in the orientation and conformation statistics for thicknesses below R/sub EE/.","PeriodicalId":331115,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings. 11th International Symposium on Electrets","volume":"89 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132828684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
F. Xu, R. Wolf, T. Yoshimura, S. Trolier-McKinstry
{"title":"Piezoelectric films for MEMS applications","authors":"F. Xu, R. Wolf, T. Yoshimura, S. Trolier-McKinstry","doi":"10.1109/ISE.2002.1043025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISE.2002.1043025","url":null,"abstract":"Piezoelectric thin films offer an attractive means of sensing and actuation in microelectromechanical systems (MEMS). Relative to other means of generating motion at the microscale, piezoelectricity scales well in terms of energy density as dimensions are reduced. As a result, there is considerable motivation for utilizing such materials in miniaturized motors, switches, valves, etc. Use of ferroelectric thin films in these applications offers the possibility of increasing the sensitivity or actuation capabilities of the devices relative to alternatives such as AlN or ZnO. However, this comes at the cost of the need to integrate more difficult materials, and the introduction of appreciable temperature dependence in the response. This paper describes some of the tradeoffs associated with the use of ferroelectrics in MEMS systems. Available piezoelectric coefficients range from e/sub 31,f/ /spl sim/ -1 to -20 C/m/sup 2/. Emphasis is placed on the composition, orientation, and grain size dependence of the piezoelectric properties in lead zirconate titanate films.","PeriodicalId":331115,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings. 11th International Symposium on Electrets","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127899367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}