International Journal of Research in Oncology最新文献

{"title":"Cancer Moonshot: Moonshot as a Magic Code to Guide Successful Solutions of Tough Challenges Such as Cancer","authors":"M. Liau, J. Fruehauf","doi":"10.33425/2833-0390.1011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33425/2833-0390.1011","url":null,"abstract":"Presidential projects deal with monumentally important issues. Moonshot and war on cancer were two unrelated presidential projects: the moonshot project was successful, but the war on cancer project was unsuccessful. President Biden brought up these two presidential projects on Sept. 12, 2022 apparently with an intention to urge the health profession to learn from the success of moonshot to come up solutions to save 50% of cancer patients in the following 25 years. The goal of cancer moonshot was modest. The health profession, however, must make a drastic change on the approach of cancer therapy to fulfill cancer moonshot. Moonshot was an extremely difficult challenge. So far, the USA was the only nation able to achieve this difficult challenge. Evidently, the right approach to a difficult challenge was the magic code to the success of moonshot. On the other hand, a wrong approach to a simple matter might result in making simple problem unsolvable. Apparently, war on cancer was such a case. Cytotoxic chemotherapy and radiotherapy based on the killing of cancer cells were the choice of cancer establishments to wage the war on cancer. The approach was wrong, because cancer was a disease due to wound unhealing. Creating more wounds definitely was a wrong approach. The war on cancer was loomed to fail on the day of its declaration. The wrong approach continued to dominate cancer therapies with no hope in sight to successfully saving cancer patients. Cancer moonshot was in essence a protest of the failure to save cancer patients from the highest government official to the health profession. A change of approach on cancer therapy is obviously needed to save cancer patients. Since cancer is caused by wound unhealing. Wound healing process is the most appropriate modality of cancer therapy. Wound healing comes naturally, because the nature creates chemo-surveillance to ensure perfection of wound healing. Wound healing requires the proliferation and the terminal differentiation of progenitor stem cells (PSCs). The success of wound healing depends on the efficient differentiation of PSCs to eliminate the symptom created by the wound. Chemo-surveillance plays such an important role to dictate the success of wound healing. Chemo-surveillance can be damaged under pathological conditions to produce tumor necrosis factor (TNF) to cause cachexia symptoms. Inability of PSCs to undergo terminal differentiation due to the collapse of chemo-surveillance then forces PSCs to evolve into cancer stem cells (CSCs) and then to progress to faster growing cancer cells (CCs). Obviously, cancer arises due to the collapse of chemo-surveillance. Restoration of chemo-surveillance with CDA formulations is, therefore, the right approach of cancer therapy. The wisdom of the nature beats the wisdom of cancer establishments on the issue of cancer.","PeriodicalId":330636,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Research in Oncology","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121553292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Outcomes of Allogenic Bone Marrow Transplantation for BThalassemia Major Patients: Single-Centre Experience","authors":"Salma AL-Mohammed, Hala G Omer, S. Al-Horani, Ghufran A Al-Hawaj, A. Khairy, Saad Aldaama","doi":"10.33425/2833-0390.1014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33425/2833-0390.1014","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: The Primary objective of this study is to assess the outcome of Allogenic Bone Marrow Transplantation for B- Thalassemia Major (B-TM) Patients at KFSHD, also to compare our local results with international outcomes, and to identify the complications of this modality of treatment in our cohort. Design: This is a retrospective descriptive study. It includes all patients’ less16 year transfusion-dependent, b-TM patients who underwent matched-related donor (MRD) allogeneic stem cell transplantation at KFSHD, pediatric hematology/ oncology department between January 2013 and December 2020. Total number of cohort is 21 patients. Methods: After obtaining the IRB approval, all the data and information were retrieved from the patients’ hard and electronic medical records and then computerized using a Microsoft Excel sheet. Computerized data exported to (SPSS) program updated version 24 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA) which was used for analysis of the data. Results: The results of the 21 patients with b-TM who underwent MRD allogenic BMT at KFSHD highlighted the role of MRD/BMT as curative therapy of b-TM with no increase in transplantation-related complications when compared with similar results. In our study, SOS rate was found to be 33.3%, GVHD was 23.8% but non-invasive infections were 76.2%, which is high but not influential. The overall survival (OS) was 90.5% and the disease-free survival (DFS) was 95.2%. Conclusion: Because of the perfect, promising figures of survival for stem cell transplantation in b-thalassemia major (b-TM) patients during the last decades and the noticeable improvement in the quality of their life after that, and since our study showed similar good comparable outcome and survival rates with other international centers, we strongly recommend early transplantation for b-TM if a suitable donor is available in an experienced BMT center. The overall survival (OS) was 90.5% and the disease-free survival (DFS) was 95.2%, which are comparable outcomes with other international similar centers.","PeriodicalId":330636,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Research in Oncology","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127280786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Two Cases of Primary Leiomyosarcoma of the Vagina: Histomorphologic Presentation with Review of the Literature","authors":"Mouamba Fg, Buambo Rg, Mozoma L, Samba B, Bizib Gc, Mavoungou K, Senga B, Peko Jf","doi":"10.33425/2833-0390.1009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33425/2833-0390.1009","url":null,"abstract":"Leiomyosarcoma is a rare lesion and its localization to the vagina extremely rare. We report two cases of primary leiomyasarcoma of the vagina, involving the posterior wall, in a 46-year-old woman and a 56-year-old woman, describing their histomorphological and evolutionary characteristics, with review of the literature.","PeriodicalId":330636,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Research in Oncology","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125279039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Winning Formulas to Fulfill Cancer Moonshot","authors":"M. Liau, J. Fruehauf","doi":"10.33425/2833-0390.1007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33425/2833-0390.1007","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this study was to develop winning formulas to fulfill cancer moonshot declared by President Biden on Sept. 12, 2022, the 60th anniversary of the moonshot speech of President Kennedy. The intention of President Biden was to use the spirit of successful moonshot project to salvage the failure of war on cancer project declared by President Nixon in 1971 [1]. Cancer therapies based on killing of cancer cells were the choice of cancer establishments in the past. The choice of killing cancer cells is understandable because the perpetual replication of cancer cells constitutes the most outstanding feature of cancer. Cancer is contributed by multiple factors. Factors other than replication of cancer cells also play essential roles on the development of cancer. Cancer arises as a consequence of wound not healing properly due to the collapse of chemo-surveillance, thus allowing Progenitor Stem Cells (PSCs) to evolve into Cancer Stem Cells (CSCs), and then to progress to faster growing Cancer Cells (CCs) through activation of oncogenes and/or inactivation suppressor genes. Cell killing creates more wounds to aggravate the already bad situation on the functionality of chemo-surveillance, which is an important mechanism to suppress the build-up of cells with abnormal Methylation Enzymes (MEs) that include PSCs, CSCs, and CCs. PSCs and their immediate derivatives CSCs are protected by drug resistant and anti-apoptosis mechanisms. Cytotoxic agents can wipe out CCs but cannot affect CSCs. The damage to chemo-surveillance contributed by cell killing agents allows CSCs to become dominant cells to cause he failure of cancer therapy, thus losing the war on cancer. Cell Differentiation Agent (CDA) formulations are the preparations consisting of Differentiation Inducers (DIs) and Differentiation Helper Inducers (DHIs), plus phenylacetylglutamine as an anti-cachexia agent. Such preparations are perfect cancer drugs to take out both CCs and CSCs by the induction of terminal differentiation through destabilization of abnormal MEs, and to restore the functionality of chemo-surveillance. Cancer therapies mediated by CDA formulations are the nature’s choice to combat cancer that can fulfill the goal of President Biden’s cancer moonshot. CDA formulations, however, cannot make the tumor to disappear, which can be easily accomplished by therapies based on cell killing. President Biden’s goal is very modest, requiring reduction of cancer mortality 50% in 25 years. That goal can be easily accomplished by winning formulas that include CDA formulations and therapies to eliminate or to kill CCs. We offer the following winning formulas: 1. Therapy with CDA-CSC, a preparation made up by an approved DI and an approved DHI, to eradicate CSCs and CCs by the induction of terminal differentiation and to restore the functionality of chemo-surveillance, followed by the surgical removal of the residual tumor. 2. Surgical removal of the primary tumor, followed by the administ","PeriodicalId":330636,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Research in Oncology","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129622656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Mediastinal Ganglioneuroma in a Case Operated on in Mali","authors":"M. Doumbia, Check Mansour Diarra, B. Diarra, S. Coulibaly, Salifou Koné, M. Ly, B. Diallo, Salia Traoré, S. Koita, B. Togola, M. Diarra, S. Togo, Moussa Abdoulaye Ouattra, Bakourou Kamaté, B. Coulibaly, S. Yena","doi":"10.33425/2833-0390.1008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33425/2833-0390.1008","url":null,"abstract":"Ganglioneuroma is a benign tumor of the sympathetic nervous system belonging to the neuro-cristopathies, the pathogenesis of which remains less well known. In Mali, no mediastinal ganglioneuroma has been published in the literature. The diagnosis was confirmed by anatomopathological examination. We report a case of mediastinal ganglioneuroma in a 14-year-old female patient and review the literature.","PeriodicalId":330636,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Research in Oncology","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131386857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cytotoxicity Assessment of Sea Star Asterias Rubens Protein-Sip-Young-6 HIS in Hela Cells. Comparisons with Doxorubicine Action","authors":"M. Leclerc","doi":"10.33425/2833-0390.1005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33425/2833-0390.1005","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this work is to assess whether recombinant protein SIP-Young-6 HIS, produced in HEK293, induces cell death in HeLa cells, when compared to doxorubicine action to achieve this, the metabolic activity is measured with the Cell Cytotoxicity Assay Kit (Abnova, Ref# KA4151) which contains a water-soluble dye that changes its absorption spectra upon cellular reduction. It seems that a post-translational modification occurs in HEK 293 since obtained results with the sea star young protein were less convincing than the preliminary ones. These last used directly the sea star IGKappa gene cloned in a CMV vector.","PeriodicalId":330636,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Research in Oncology","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124633693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research Center for Psychotechnics Cognitive Impairments in Patients with Epilepsy","authors":"V. Stepanenko","doi":"10.33425/2833-0390.1003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33425/2833-0390.1003","url":null,"abstract":"Cognitive impairment in epilepsy is an important problem. The understanding of the pathogenesis of disorders of higher nervous functions is based on the interaction of several factors, which include the form and duration of the disease, gender differences.","PeriodicalId":330636,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Research in Oncology","volume":"72 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133213146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prognostic Factors for Breast Cancer Recurrence after Conservative Treatment","authors":"A. Benjelloun, Oumaima Omran, M. Bouab, M. Benhassou, M. Ennachit, S. Sahraoui, M. Karroumi","doi":"10.33425/2833-0390.1001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33425/2833-0390.1001","url":null,"abstract":"Breast cancer is nowadays a real public health problem all over the world. Conservative therapy has been one of the approved treatment options for several years. The objective of this work was to describe the prognostic factors of breast cancer recurrence in our context after conservative treatment. We performed a retrospective study with analysis of clinical, pathological, and therapeutic parameters in patients with breast cancer recurrence after conservative treatment over a period of 2 years. During the study period, a total of 17 patients were selected. The mean age at diagnosis of the primary tumor was 54.56 years. The occurrence of recurrence was correlated with advanced tumor size with a rate of 64.7% for stage 2, lymph node invasion in 11 patients or 41.18%, and the presence of metastasis which was present in 2 patients. On the other hand, invasive ductal carcinoma was the most frequent histological type with 13 cases (76.47%) with predominantly intermediate or high SBR histopronostic grades (II and III: 47.05% each), vascular emboli and Comedonecrosis was present in 3 patients (17.64%), and the resection margins were healthy in all patients. As for estrogen receptors, they were positive in 9 patients, i.e., 52.94% of cases and those of a progesterone type were present in 8 patients (47.05%), HER-2 receptors were overexpressed in 3 patients (17.64%) and Ag Ki67 was greater than 20 in 76.47% of cases. Thus, 8.33% of the tumors were classified Luminal A, 47.06% were Luminal B, 11.76% were of the HER-2 type, and 35.29% were triple negative. All our patients had benefited from conservative treatment of the primary tumor made by conservative surgery followed by radiotherapy, with a delay between surgery and radiotherapy ranging from 8 to 23 months in patients who received chemotherapy and an average of 11 months, and from 4 to 8 months in patients who received radiotherapy directly after surgery, for an average of 5.25 months, on the other hand, adjuvant chemotherapy was administered in 11 patients (64.70%), hormone therapy was prescribed for 9 patients (52.94%) and only one patient had benefited from targeted therapy such as HERCEPTIN. In conclusion, conservative treatment is currently indicated in most T1 and T2 mammary carcinomas given that it constitutes a therapeutic alternative combining carcinological and aesthetic benefits, however much remains to be done to be able to optimize its results and thus minimize the risk of recurrence.","PeriodicalId":330636,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Research in Oncology","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115271453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Radiation Induced Lung Injury (RILI) and COVID-19 Pneumonia: Are There Similarities by The Radiation Oncologist’s Point of View?","authors":"G. Lazzari, R. Giua, E. Verdolino, V. Speciale, G. Silvano","doi":"10.33425/2833-0390.1002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33425/2833-0390.1002","url":null,"abstract":"Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), is a novel infectious disease responsible for a severe acute respiratory syndrome due to Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, which was firstly reported in January 2020 in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China, and then rapidly spread to other countries beyond China with a pandemic proportion in these last two years. In its severe lung expression, disease onset may result in death due to massive alveolar damage and progressive respiratory failure due to acute lung injury (ALI) which predisposes to fatal acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Autopsies reports describe a diffuse alveolar damage with vascular congestion, inflammatory cell population entrapped, thrombosis with hyaline membrane formation in the alveolar walls allowing to an irreversible lung destruction. Altogether these findings remind the radiation oncologists many similarities with radiation induced lung injury which is a well-known side effect of radiotherapy for lung cancer. A fascinating hypothesis is that a common inflammatory paradoxical response of lung could be underlying the injury whatever the causes may be, virus, drugs or ionizing radiation. In this paper we will review the similarities between these two illnesses just going through the mechanisms of ALI-ARDS and the role of the most important immune cells and cytokines involved.","PeriodicalId":330636,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Research in Oncology","volume":"52 4","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114091640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular Characterization of Human Papillomaviruses Associated with Cervical Cancer in Brazzaville, Congo","authors":"Paola Candyse Lemba Tsimba, Luc Magloire Anicet Boumba, F. Mouamba, DimitriMoudiongui-Mboungou Malanda, Boris Arnaud Okoko Eckouda, J. Peko","doi":"10.33425/2833-0390.1006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33425/2833-0390.1006","url":null,"abstract":"Knowledge of the viral ecology of human papillomaviruses is essential in the prevention of cervical cancer. This work aimed to identify human papillomavirus genotypes associated with cervical cancers in the capital city of Brazzaville. 66 paraffin blocks of cervical biopsies were collected between 2016-2017. After extraction of viral DNA, amplification and genotyping was performed using Gene Xpert technology from the Xpert HPV kit. The mean age was 54.48 ± 16.98 years (range 18-88 years). HPV viral DNA was identified in all samples analyzed, giving a prevalence of 100%. The most frequent genotype was HPV-16 (80.3%). Six percent of the patients were carriers of the HPV-18/45 combination and 12.1% of other HPV-HR genotypes. HPV-16/HPV-18/45 co-infection was observed in 1.5% of cases. According to the type of cancer induced, HPV-16 was found in 83.3% of squamous cell carcinomas and 50% of adenocarcinomas. In this work, the authors observed a very high frequency of HPV-16 whatever the type of cancer in Brazzaville.","PeriodicalId":330636,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Research in Oncology","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125992596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}